CHAPTER 13
What aided Martin Luther as his call for reform emerged?
Luther understood the power of the printing press and authorized the publication of his works
Why did Elizabeth I have her cousin and heir, Mary, Queen of Scots, executed?
Mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth
Why did Protestants allow the desolation of marriages in divorce?
Protestants viewed marriage as a contract for mutual support and married partners who failed to provide support endangered their souls and the entire community
The dissolution of English monasteries
Resulted from Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth
In Hungary, Lutheranism was
Spread by Hungarian students who had studied at the University of Wittenburg
How widespread was the influence of the Inquisition
The Inquisition effectively destroyed heresy within the Papal States but has little influence elsewhere
Why did most ordinary poles oppose the Lutheran reform movement?
The held strong anti-German feelings
The consistory was
A body of laymen and pastors who led Geneva
The Anabaltists were so named because they did not believe in
Infant baptism
The Reformation in England was primarily the result of
The dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII
As a result of the Peace of Augsburg
Became either Lutheran or Catholic depending on their prince
What was the fate of most people brought before the Inquisition and accused of witchcraft?
They were sent home with a warning and ordered to do penance
How did Calvinists understand the idea of work or labor?
Hard work, well done, was pleasing to God
Luther's ideas about Roman exploitation of Germany
Appealed to the national sentiment of German princes
In the War of the Three Henry's, which Henry was a Protestant?
Henry of Navarre
How did Luther benefit from his appearance before the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, at the Diet of Worms?
Luther gained a larger audience for his reform ideas and others began to challenge the church's teachings and practices
Which of the following best describes Martjn Luther's doctrine of salvation?
Salvation came through faith alone as a gift of God's grace
Which Act of Parliament required all English subjects to take an oath of loyalty to the king as head of the Church of England?
The Act of Succession
Luther believed the clergy consisted of
The entire community of Christian believers
In the early 16th century, anticlericalism focused primarily on all of the following except
The heresy of priests who preaching messages contrary to church doctrine
A new religious order for women that emerged in the sixteenth century was the
Ursuline Order
How did the closing of the monasteries and convents affect upper-class women?
Marriage became virtually the only occupation for upper-class women
The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre led to
A lengthy civil war
The Inquisitorial legal procedure differed from the accusatorial legal procedure in all of the following ways except
An accuser could be stayed if charges were not proven
The Colloquoy of Marburg
Failed to resolve differences among Protestants on the issue of Eucharist
The Edict of Nantes
Granted Huguenots the right to worship in 150 towns
The Treaty Cateau-Cambresis ended the conflict known as the
Habsburg-Valois Wars
Why did John Calvin reject the idea of human free will?
Human free will would detract from the sovereignty of God
What were Lutheran and Calvinist attitudes toward secular rule
Lutherans taught respect for authority while Calvinists taught opposition to political authorities who were considered ungodly
Luther viewed celibacy as
Opposed to human nature and God's commandments
The Pilgrimage of Grace attested to
Popular opposition, in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation
France supported the the Protestant princes of Germany in order to
Prevent Charles V from increasing his power
Which book in the Bible did Martin Luther find his foundational truth that "the just shall live by faith?"
Romans
How did the choice to embrace or reject the Reform movement occur in a territory or region in the Italy Roman Empire?
The political leaders of the territory determined whether it introduced reforms
The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century was
To uplift the moral condition of both clergy and laity
The Calvinist doctrine of predestination led to a
Confidence among Calvinists in their own salvation
Which document consisted of a summary of the basic beliefs of the Church of England?
Thirty-Nine Articles
In addition to reforming the church, what was the other goal of the Council of Trent?
To secure reconciliation with the Protestants
Martin Luther's first response to the Peasants War was
To side with the peasants
In religous affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that
Was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes
