Chapter 13: Gene Express

Transcription and translation of a gene composed of 30 nucleotides would form a protein containing no more than ___ amino acids.

10 amino acids

Transcription occurs along a ____ template forming an mRNA in the ____ direction.

3' to 5'; 5' to 3'

Just like DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase performs a template directed synthesis in the:

5'-3'

Messenger RNA (mRNA) can be best described as:

A Short-lived RNA molecule that carries encoded information, transcribed from DNA.

Which of the statements below is false?

A)The genetic code is overlapping. - FALSE B)The genetic code is universal. C)Degenerate codons specify the same amino acids. D)The genetic code is triplet.

The first mRNA codon to specify an amino acid is always

AUG

Transcription is:

DNA TO RNA

An RNA sequence is shown below. \text{ AUGCCGAAACGU} AUGCCGAAACGUstart text, space, A, U, G, C, C, G, A, A, A, C, G, U, end text Which of the following statements describes how the RNA sequence specifies the production of an amino acid chain?

Each set of three bases codes for a single amino acid.

A Cell builds it's proteins from the Instructions encoded in its _________?

Genome

What type of bond forms between Complementary base pairs?

Hydrogen

Of the ____ different possible codons, ____ specify amino acids and ____ signal stop.

Of the 64 different possible codons, 61 specify amino acids and 3 signal stop.

rRNA

Part of a ribosome and is a protein builder

The transcribing enzyme is

RNA polyerase

hat sequence on the template strand of DNA corresponds to the first amino acid inserted into a protein?

TAC

The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is called

Transcription

How does transcription begin?

When RNA polymerase binds to a sigma to create a holoenzyme and the sigma guides the RNA polymerase to certain locations where transcription should begin

which of the following is an example of the degeneracy of the genetic code?

a given amino acid has more than one codon

RNA contains which bases?

adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

Transfer RNA's bind during translation by the

anticodon

Which molecule contains the genetic code?

mRNA

mRNA

messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome. and takes place in cytoplasm

An antibiotic interferes with the ability of the ribosome to move. What affect would exposure to this chemical have on a bacterial cell?

no proteins will be produced

During translation, the ____ site within the ribosome hold the growing amino acid chain while the ____ site holds the next amino acid to be added to the chain.

p, a

The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain comprises the ____ structure of the protein.

primary

The amino acid structure of a polypeptide chain determines its ____ structure.

primary

A Gene is:

segment of DNA that codes for a protein or rna

Eukaryotic rna

term-30

What process occurs before the other?

transcription and then translation

____ regulate which genes or subsets of genes are transcribed in a particular cell type.

transcription factors

tRNA

transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

The template strand of DNA for one gene may be the coding strand of DNA for another gene.

true

Which of the following statements is true regarding transposons?

They are the most abundant type of repeat in the genome.