Chapter 14 quiz

What are seedless vascular plants? -examples -basic traits

Ferns, Club mosses, Horsetails. They have true roots, stems and leaves and can grow tall. The sporophyte is the familiar stage. Sperm cells swim to the egg and spores are dispersed by wind.

What is a zygote?

a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a fern? a) Fern sporophyte is the dominant generation in the fern life cycle. b) Eggs are produced in antheridia. c) Fern gametophyte is nonvascular. d) Fern sporophyte leaves first appear in a curled-up form termed a fiddlehead. e) Fern sporophyte is vascular.

b) Eggs are produced in antheridia

Which is the most diverse group of seedless vascular plants? a) the liverworts b) the horsetails c) the club mosses d) the ferns

d) the ferns

What are the basic characteristics of plants?

photosynthetic organisms, possess cell walls containing cellulose, dont have a final body form

What is gametes?

sex cells, sperm and egg

In the moss life cycle, the ________ generation is dominant. a) diploid gametophyte b) haploid sporophyte c) diploid sporophyte d) haploid gametophyte e) diploid antheridium

d) haploid gametophyte

What is double fertilization?

delivers two sperm cells (one sperm combines with the egg, one helps produce the food supply for the seed)

Which feature possessed by most land plants is missing in mosses, which grow low to the ground in damp, shaded areas? a) chlorophyll b, so they can only use filtered light for photosynthesis b) starch production, so they only produce small amounts of glucose, since any beyond what they use immediately cannot be stored c) cell walls, so they cannot stand upright d) a protected zygote, so they must grow in damp areas to supply the zygote with moisture e) vascular tissue, so they must grow along the ground in damp areas to supply water to the cells

e) vascular tissue, so they must grow along the ground in damp areas to supply water to the cells

What adaptation do seed plants have in addition to the seed that is not found in seedless plants? a) gametophytes b) vascular tissue c) pollen d) chlorophyll

c) pollen

Which part of a seed provides nourishment for the embryo, enabling seed plants to survive on land? a) ovary b) ectosperm c) seed coat d) endosperm e) egg sac

d) endosperm

What is an alternation of generations?

A plant alternates between two multicelled body forms (sporophyte and gametophyte). The sporophyte is diploid and produces haploid spores. When conditions are right, the spore develops into a haploid gametophyte. The gametophyte produces haploid gametes that fuse to form a single-celled diploid zygote. The zygote develops into a new sporophyte.

What are gymnosperms? -examples -basic traits of conifers

Conifers, Cycads, and ginkgos. Plants with naked seeds. Seeds are on external surfaces. In conifers, the seeds are produced in female cones that are wood like and male cones are not woody and produce the pollen grains.

What are nonvascular plants (=bryophytes)? -examples -basic traits

Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts. They do not have true roots, stems, or leaves. Small and grow close to the ground. Gametophyte is the familiar generation. Needs to be moist or near water because of sperm swimming.

What is the importance of pollen and of seeds?

Pollen contains the male gametophytes that produce sperm. Seeds consist of a young sporophyte. These are carried and transfered to the egg which makes it easier to reproduce on land.

What is a spore?

Single cells that can develop into a new plant.

If a tree has flower petals that are small and the same color as its leaves, it is likely to be pollinated by a) the wind. b) butterflies. c) moths. d) bees. e) bats.

a) the wind

Why do mosses grow well in the Arctic tundra? a) They grow better at cold temperatures. b) They do not require moisture. c) They do not have true roots and can grow on hard surfaces. d) There are no herbivores in the tundra.

c) They do not have true roots and can grow on hard surfaces

Structures in plants that produce the gametes are called a) sporangia. b) fruit. c) sporophyte. d) gametophyte. e) homosporophyte.

d) gametophyte

Moss is an example of which type of plant? a) diplontic plant b) seed plant c) haplontic plant d) vascular plant

c) haplontic plant

Which of the following statements is NOT true about alternation of generations life cycle? a) Spores develop into the gametophyte generation. b) When the sperm fertilizes the egg, a zygote results that develops into the sporophyte. c) The gametophyte produces eggs and sperm. d) Meiosis produces spores that are haploid. e) The sporophyte generation produces spores by mitosis in structures called sporangia.

e) The sporophyte generation produces spores by mitosis in structures called sporangia.

Which of the following is a gymnosperm? a) moss b) monocot c) horsetail d) fern e) cycad

e) cycad

A megasporocyte would be found in the a) anther. b) style. c) filament. d) stigma. e) ovary.

e) ovary

What is a sporophyte?

the asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from which the gametophyte arises

What is a gametophyte?

the haploid plant that produces gametes

What traits are used to divide plants into major groups?

vascular tissue, seeds

What are the four major groups of plants?

1) Non-Vascular Plants 2) Seedless Vascular Plants 3) Gymnosperms Seed Plants 4) Angiosperms Seed Plants

What are angiosperms? -examples -basic traits

Flowering plants. Most successful group of land plants. Flowers increase the success of pollination. (Pollen reaching the ovule, which is inside a larger chamber or ovary) After fertilization, the ovary develops into the fruit.

What are the three classes of bryophytes?

The bryophytes are divided into three divisions: the liverworts or Marchantiophyta, the hornworts or Anthocerotophyta, and the mosses or true Bryophyta.

Which of the following traits characterizes gymnosperms? a) The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves. b) Reproductive structures are located in a flower. c) After fertilization, the ovary thickens and forms a fruit. c) The gametophyte is longest phase of the life cycle.

a) The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves

Corn develops from a seedling with a single cotyledon, displays parallel veins on its leaves, and produces monosulcate pollen. It is most likely: a) a gymnosperm b) a monocot c) a eudicot d) a basal angiosperm

b) a monocot

The structure that forms most of the flesh of an apple is the a) petal. b) ovary. c) stamen. d) carpel. e) sepal.

b) ovary

Spores are produced in the ________ of a fern. a) archegonia b) sporangium c) ovary d) antheridia e) ovule

b) sporangium

The site of formation of pollen grains is in the a) receptacle. b) stamen. c) sepal. d) carpel. e) petal.

b) stamen

The event that leads from the haploid stage to the diploid stage in alternation of generations is ___. a) mitosis b) meiosis c) fertilization d) germination

c) fertilization

The event that leads from the haploid stage to the diploid stage in alternation of generations is ________. a) meiosis b) mitosis c) fertilization d) germination

c) fertilization

Compared to the moss, the fern is better adapted to life on land because the fern a) does not have a swimming sperm, but the moss does. b) can be found in dry areas, but moss cannot. c) has vascular tissue, but the moss does not. d) produces seeds, but the moss does not. e) does not have a gametophyte generation, but the moss does.

c) has vascular tissue, but the moss does not

Showy flowers are most likely pollinated by a) water only. b) wind only. c) insects or birds.

c) insects or birds

Which group are vascular plants? a) liverworts b) mosses c) hornworts d) ferns

d) ferns

What adaptations allow plants to live on land?

1) Alternation of Generations 2) Sporangia (Organs producing spores) 3) Gametangia (Organs producing gametes) 4) Apical meristems (Special growth tissues)

In the pine life cycle, a microspore develops into a) a pollen grain. b) a sporophyte. c) an ovule. d) a megaspore. e) a seed.

a) a pollen grain

Seeds contain all of the following EXCEPT a) a pollen grain. b) triploid tissue. c) a seed coat. d) an endosperm. e) an embryo.

a) a pollen grain

A major evolutionary trend among plants is a) a reduction in the size of the gametophyte and an increase in the size of the sporophyte. b) a decrease in the size of both the sporophyte and the gametophyte. c) the sporophyte nor the gametophyte have evolved in plants and are basically the same size for all plant types. d) an increase in the size of both the sporophyte and the gametophyte. e) a reduction in the size of the sporophyte and an increase in the size of the gametophyte.

a) a reduction in the size of the gametophyte and an increase in the size of the sporophyte

The land plants are probably descendants of which of these groups? a) green algae b) red algae c) brown algae d) angiosperms

a) green algae

Moss is an example of which type of plant? a) haplontic plant b) vascular plant c) diplontic plant d) seed plant

a) haplontic plant

Pollen grains develop in which structure? a) the anther b) the stigma c) the filament d) the carpel

a) the anther

Which statement is NOT correct about the sporophyte generation in gymnosperms? a) It is the diploid generation. b) They are homosporous. c) It contains vascular tissue. d) They produce winged naked seeds. e) It is the dominant generation.

b) They are homosporous