Chapter 15 Alcohol, Other Drugs, and Driving

How do purchasing over-the-counter medicine and prescription medicine differ? (321)

You DO NOT need a Dr.'s prescription to buy OTC over-the-counter medication. You DO need a Dr.'s prescription to buy prescription medications.

Which of the following type of drugs slows down the central nervous system?

A-Stimulant B-Hallucinogen C-Depressant D-None of the above Answer is C

What factors affect blood-alcohol concentration and how do they work? (318)

Amount of alcohol consumed (the more the higher the BAC) Amount of time over which a given amount of alcohol is consumed (the faster or quicker the time the higher the BAC) Person's body weight. A heavier person may be affected less by the same amount of alcohol.

What is the effect of combining alcohol with other drugs? (322)

DANGEROUS. Using alcohol with other drugs can multiply the effect of the drug rather than just add to the effect. This is the synergistic effect. Combining drugs and alcohol increases driving risks. This is not wise and is ILLEGAL.

In the process of _________, young people help other young people make decisions.

Peer Education

How might peer pressure affect one's decision about drinking and driving? (326-327)

Peer pressure is the influence of others of a similar age. This can be positive and lead people to make good sound decisions or negative, leading them to engage in risky wrong behavior.

What should a driver do when stopped by a police officer? (325)

Pull over to the right and stop in a safe place. Keep your hands visible at all times. Stay in your vehicle and follow all instructions the officer gives you. You will be required to show you license, vehicle registration and proof of insurance.

What is peer education? (327-328)

This is the process in which young people help other young people make decisions and determine goals. May be known as peer counseling, peer mentoring or peer helpers. These programs help young people influence one another in a positive way.

What are zero-tolerance levels of intoxication and how can these levels be measured? (324)

This law makes it ILLEGAL for people under 21 years of age to drive with any measurable amount of alcohol in the blood.

What is the implied-consent law? (323)

This means that everyone who is issued a driver's license automatically consents to be tested for BAC and other drugs if stopped for suspicion of drug use while driving.

Why should everyone share the responsibility of preventing friends from drinking and driving? (329-330)

Your first responsibility is to yourself, but where you find yourself in the presence of others under the influence you may be the only person that prevents them from getting behind the wheel. This prevention saves not only the person under the influence, but save countless other lives that person could harm if behind the wheel. FRIENDS DON'T LET FRIENDS DRIVE DRUNK.

The _______ law makes it illegal for persons under the age of 21 to drive with any measurable amount of alcohol in the blood.

Zero-tolerance law

inner forces of personality that restrain or hold back one's impulsive behavior

inhibitions

drugs that can be obtained legally without a doctor's prescription

over-the-counter medications

drug that speeds up the central nervous system

stimulant

What are five myths about the use of alcohol and what is the truth about each myth? (320)

*"I can sober up by drinking black coffee, taking a cold shower or doing exercise"-these do NOT lower the BAC. *"One little drink won't hurt me."-taking one drink can make it easier to take the 2nd or 3rd. *"I will not be affected because I am only drinking beer."-a 12 ounce can of beer has the same amount of alcohol as a cocktail. *"I can drive better after a few drinks."-your driving abilities are diminished not improved. *"A young person cannot become a problem drinker."-some become problem drinkers in their teenage years.

What are the five steps involved in making a responsible decision? (327)

1)Know when a decision is needed. 2)Consider the choices. 3)Consider consequences. Ask yourself... Is it legal? Is it safe? What would my parents think? Does it show respect for myself or others? 4)Decide which choice is best? 5)Evaluate your decision to know if it was a responsible one.

All states enforce a minimum drinking age of

A-18 B-19 C-20 D-21 Answer is D

What advice should you give a social drinker planning to drive?

A-Don't drink on an empty stomach B-Appoint a designated driver C-Be extra careful if you drink and drive D-Wait one hour after drinking before driving Answer is B

The most common penalty for a first-time conviction of a DUI or DWI is

A-Driver's license suspension B-Prison term C-Payment of a fine D-Vehicle impoundment Answer is A

A person who decides ahead of time not to drink and is appointed to drive others who do drink is known as a ___________.

Designated driver "DD"

What is blood-alcohol concentration? (318)

BAC is the percentage of alcohol in a person's bloodstream that can be determined by chemical tests.

amount of alcohol in the blood expressed as a percentage of alcohol in the bloodstream

blood-alchohol concentration

How do depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogenic drugs affect a driver? (321-322)

DEPRESSANTS May cause a driver to become too relaxed, lose inhibitions, and have difficulty identifying, predicting, deciding and executing. Alcohol is a depressant. STIMULANTS When first taken the user has a feeling of high energy and alertness. However, the feeling of alertness soon wears off and the person becomes very tired very quickly increasing driver-related risk. HALLUCINOGENS Mind-altering drugs can alter personality and cause periods of panic or terror that distort a person's sense of direction, distance and time.

How does alcohol affect mental and physical abilities needed for driving? (315-317)

MENTALLY It acts like an anesthetic on the central nervous system. Decreases the ability to reason clearly and make judgements. Can cause EUPHORIA a false feeling of well-being (may take chances and risks that are deadly behind the wheel). Become less able to correctly interpret what he or she may see. Weakens a person's inhibitions (inner forces of personality that restrain or hold back one's impulsive behavior. PHYSICALLY Reaction time and coordination are reduced due to slower reflexes and poor muscular coordination. (esp true for beginners) Walking becomes difficult. Distorts vision and reduces the drivers effectiveness to conduct an effective visual search pattern. Impaired vision, reduced visual acuity, peripheral vision, night vision, color blindness. Slows reactions of the eyes to recover from bright lights (glare blindness). Impaired depth perception. Speech pattern becomes slurred and fuzzy and sentences begin to not make sense. Breathing and heart rate can eventually be affected (death can occur if a large amount of alcohol is consumed) Long-term use can lead to alcoholism (an state of addiction to alcohol.)

drug that can slow down the central nervous system

depressant

involuntary jerking of the eyes as the person gazes to the side

nystagmus