chapter 15 emt
An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as:
A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body
A sign of respiratory distress seen in the neck is:
Accessory muscle use.
The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to:
get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus?
68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes
hepatitis_________can be transmitted only from a patient who has an acute infection
A
for which of the following patients should the EMT put on gloves and mask
A 22 year old female with fever, headache, neck discomfort,and a red rash on her skin
A 58-year-old man complains of chest discomfort and nausea. He is conscious and alert; his blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, his pulse is 104 beats/min, and his respiration are 16 breaths/min. Your partner has applied supplemental oxygen. Prior to assisting the patient with one of his prescribed nitroglycerin tablets, you ask him if he takes medication to treat erectile dysfunction and he tells you that he does. You should:
Ask him what he takes, how much, and when he last took it.
Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patient's illness?
Asking questions related to the chief complaint
Which of the following statements regarding hepatitis A is correct?
Hepatitis A can only be transmitted by a patient who has an acute infection.
Which of the following questions would be the MOST pertinent to ask a patient who recently returned from Europe and is now ill?
Is anyone else in your travel party sick?
When caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should:
Limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible
Your patient's symptoms include high fever, cough, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and shortness of breath. Which of the following should you suspect?
MERS-CoV
which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct?
MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics
You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should:
Manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit.
when assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem?
Medical history
Assessment of a patient's blood pressure with an automatic BP cuff reveals that it is 204/120 mm Hg. The patient is conscious and alert and denies any symptoms. The EMT should:
Obtain a manual blood pressure.
In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease?
Recent travel
Which of the following conditions often requires transport to a hospital with specialized capabilities that may not be available at the closest hospital?
Stroke and heart attack
Which of the following statements regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is correct?
The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream.
Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that:
You were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient.#
In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to use an air medical transportation service?
a 61-year-old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and your ground transport time is 50 minutes
the primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies:
addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process
Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but she is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to:
administer oxygen with the appropriate device
The determination of whether a medical patient is a high-priority or low-priority transport is typically made:
after the primary assessment has been completed
Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should:
attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient.
in addition to looking for severe bleeding, assessment of circulation in the conscious patient should invlove
checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin
Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they:
cough
Typical chief complaints in patients with an infectious disease include:
fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing.
When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious patient with nontraumatic abdominal pain and stable vital signs, you should:
focus on the patient's chief complaint
Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it:
has a greater ability to produce disease
Which form of hepatitis has an incubation period of 4-12 weeks and a vaccine is available for it?
hepatitis B
Which of the following medications would the EMT LEAST likely administer to a patient with a medical complaint?
ibuprofen
Three months after returning home from West Africa, a 50-year-old man begins experiencing a fever, cough, and muscle aches. The EMT should suspect:
influenza
In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient:
is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms.
In contrast to viral hepatitis, toxin-induced hepatitis:
is not a communicable disease
The secondary assessment of a medical patient:
is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short
Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following, EXCEPT:
jaundice and abdominal pain.
Which of the following assessment findings is MOST indicative of a cardiovascular problem?
jugular venous distention
A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having:
meningitis
It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ______ problem.
neurologic
The greatest danger in displaying a personal bias or labeling a patient who frequently calls EMS is:
overlooking a potentially serious medical condition.
An outbreak that occurs on a global scale.
pandemic
You have just completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain and difficulty breathing. The patient has been given 324 mg of aspirin and is receiving supplemental oxygen. As you begin your secondary assessment, you note that his mental status has deteriorated and he is now bradycardic. You should:
prepare the patient for immediate transport.
Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include:
prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.
reassessment of a patient with a medical complaint should begin by:
repeating the primary assessment
which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition?
substance abuse
when caring for a patient who takes numerous medications, it is best to:
take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report
When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, you should remember that:
the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first.
An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:
your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness