Chapter 15. Foreign Policy

The foreign policy section of the bureaucracy has changed since the September 11 attacks, including the creation of several new posts. Which of the following posts or departments were part of this expansion?

Correct Answer(s) director of national intelligence Incorrect Answer(s) director of the Central Intelligence Agency Department of State Secretary of State

President Trump expressed which of the following concerns when he removed the United States from the Paris Agreement?

agreement effect on economy

American foreign ambassadors have become increasingly powerful in providing information and advice to presidents.

false

Which region sent the most new enlistees to the U.S. military in 2017?

south

Imagine that the nation of Bermuda was trying to develop the ability to manufacture nuclear weapons, and the United States did not want them to do so. Order the following possible responses the United States could use, from the one that is likely to be tried first to the one that is likely to be used only as a last resort.

✓ diplomacy sanctions military force

According to the graphic, what is the most likely cause for the pattern of U.S. defense spending since 2000?

✓ the war against terrorism prompted an increase in defense spending.

Which two decision rules does the 15-member UN Security Council use?

A veto by 1 of the permanent members will reject a proposal. A 9-vote majority is required to pass a substantive proposal.

If you were the president of a developing country and you wanted to get a low-interest loan to build some roads as a way of promoting trade, you might go to the _____ . A few years later, imagine you are facing a massive budget deficit and it looks like you... ✓ World bank, International Monetary Fund

If you were the president of a developing country and you wanted to get a low-interest loan to build some roads as a way of promoting trade, you might go to the _____ . A few years later, imagine you are facing a massive budget deficit and it looks like you... ✓ World bank, International Monetary Fund

Which of the following statements accurately characterize America's approach to human rights policy?

The United States has a long-standing general commitment to human rightsThe United States typically provides assistance to nations facing crises and emergenciesThe United States usually overlooks human rights violations by its major trading partners

An economic "carrot," or incentive, is foreign aid. An economic "stick," or punishment, is sanctions.

foreign & Sanitations

Match the groups of Americans to whether they are overrepresented or underrepresented in the military relative to their proportion of the U.S. population.

underrepresented Correct label:females Correct label:northeasterners overrepresented Correct label:Black Americans Correct label:males Correct label:southerners

In which of the following areas has the Russian military been involved?

us & crIMEA

The early twenty-first century policy of unilateral action and preemptive war is known as the

Bush Doctrine

Which reasons help to explain why military force is often the last resort for America?

Correct Answer(s) Use of military force is risky. American use of military force is financially costly. American use of military force becomes politically unpopular very quickly. American use of military force is potentially costly in terms of human life. Incorrect Answer(s) America's military is insufficient for most conflicts.

Suppose Saudi Arabia is worried that its regional rival, Iran, is building a new weapon that would be capable of wiping out their country. They attack Iran before the weapon can be completed, thus stopping a future attack before it can happen. This is an exa... ✓ preventive war

Suppose Saudi Arabia is worried that its regional rival, Iran, is building a new weapon that would be capable of wiping out their country. They attack Iran before the weapon can be completed, thus stopping a future attack before it can happen. This is an exa... ✓ preventive war

The _________________, located in the _________________, is responsible for synthesizing the messages coming out of the foreign policy establishment to help the president make his or her own foreign policy. ✓ NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL BUREAUCRACY

The _________________, located in the _________________, is responsible for synthesizing the messages coming out of the foreign policy establishment to help the president make his or her own foreign policy. ✓ NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL BUREAUCRACY

Under President George W. Bush, and in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 and related concerns, America's security policy changed from one of deterrence to a policy of preventive war.

Under President George W. Bush, and in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 and related concerns, America's security policy changed from one of deterrence to a policy of preventive war.

When a country is dealing with a rival nation, there are several options for how to approach the situation. One, called containment, involves trying to halt the military and physical expansion of the rival nation. Another, called deterrence, involves building up one's military to try and discourage the rival nation from attacking.

When a country is dealing with a rival nation, there are several options for how to approach the situation. One, called containment, involves trying to halt the military and physical expansion of the rival nation. Another, called deterrence, involves building up one's military to try and discourage the rival nation from attacking.

Which of the following are ways in which Congress can check the power of the president in foreign policy? ✓ fail to ratify a treaty, refuse to confirm a nominee for ambassador,provide no funding for a military operation

Which of the following are ways in which Congress can check the power of the president in foreign policy? fail to ratify a treaty refuse to confirm a nominee for ambassador provide no funding for a military operation

Which federal department is responsible for diplomacy?

department of state

What kinds of foreign policy issues might interest groups get involved in?

environmental activists seeking to promote climate agreements objecting to China's piracy of intellectual property rights Jewish Americans lobbying against a foreign deal that they believe

A trade deficit means a country is exporting more than it is importing.

false

Most foreign policy analysts expect the United States rivalry with China to provoke conflict within three to five years.

false

The State Department's primary mission is to collect foreign intelligence.

false

The threat of massive retaliation is more useful in combating terrorism than in fighting traditional nation-states.

false

In the history of American foreign policy in the twentieth century, which came first: American isolationism or American engagement?

isolation

Match each group or organization with its correct category.

non-state actor: terrorist International Organization: World Trade Organization United Nations nation-state: Canada

Some Americans believe that America's human rights and humanitarian policies serve American interests by winning friends and demonstrating our concern for the oppressed and less fortunate. They believe that human rights and humanitarian policies are a form of what?

soft power

Which of the following countries have a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council?

the People's Republic of China, the French Republic, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America.

Which of the following organizations or agreements are primarily related to free trade?

Correct Answer(s) World Trade Organization United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Incorrect Answer(s) North Atlantic Treaty Organization World Health Organization

Which humanitarian scenarios are the United States most likely to engage in?

Correct Answer(s) an earthquake in Haiti a famine in South Sudan Incorrect Answer(s) a political dissident jailed in Mexico Saudi Arabia banning all public gatherings

From 1641 to 1853, Japan maintained a policy of (almost) never involving itself in the affairs of its neighboring countries, whether it be military conflicts or general power struggles. This is an example of what policy? ✓ isolationism

From 1641 to 1853, Japan maintained a policy of (almost) never involving itself in the affairs of its neighboring countries, whether it be military conflicts or general power struggles. This is an example of what policy? ✓ isolationism

Place these major moments in the history of American foreign relations in chronological order from earliest to most recent.

George Washington gives his Farewell Address.President Monroe issues his Monroe Doctrine.The United States enters World War II.The United States and the Soviet Union engage in the Cold War.The September 11 terrorist attacks occur.

Match each foreign policy tool with the correct example of its use.

House of RepresentativesCommittee on Foreign Affairs Correct label:Committee on Foreign Affairs SenateForeign Relations Committee Correct label:Foreign Relations Committee interest groupAmnesty International Correct label:Amnesty International Executive Office of the PresidentNational Security Council Correct label:National Security Council

What goals does the International Monetary Fund serve today?

It facilitates international monetary exchange. It promotes the structural readjustment of some economies. Incorrect Answer(s) It offers cash transfers to assist nations in humanitarian crises. It finances long-term loans for development in poor countries.

The president is stronger than they intended, particularly on military issues.

The president is stronger than they intended, particularly on military issues.

Which of the following statements accurately characterize the current American approach to trade? ✓ America typically tries to protect domestic industries America typically supports free trade agreements

Which of the following statements accurately characterize the current American approach to trade? ✓ America typically tries to protect domestic industries America typically supports free trade agreements

Which of the following trade policies has President Trump imposed in his time as president? ✓ establishing trade sanctions with China withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership

Which of the following trade policies has President Trump imposed in his time as president? ✓ establishing trade sanctions with China withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership

During the Cold War, the United States had enough nuclear weapons to ensure that they could wipe out the Soviet Union even if the Soviet Union launched a first attack. In turn, the Soviet Union had enough nuclear weapons to ensure that they could wipe out the United States even if the United States launched a first attack.

mutually assured destruction

During the Cold War, the United States balanced between two extremes. On the one hand, the United States built a huge military force. On the other hand, it frequently stated that it had no intention of attacking the Soviet Union, though it did engage in several proxy conflicts such as the wars in Vietnam and Korea. What two principles did the U.S. adopt with the Soviet Union?

✓ deterrence containment