Chapter 15

What was the Edict of Nantes?

A declaration that granted the Huguenots the right to public worship in 150 French towns

Who was the Genevan Consistory?

A group of calvinist pastors and laymen who monitored citizens behavior.

With the spread of new ideas at the becoming of the renaissance, how did the wealthy begin to view life?

As an opportunity for enjoyment and not just a painful pilgrimage to heaven

What was one of the root sources of Florentine prosperity?

Banking profits

A series of military expeditions from parts of Europe to the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean.

Crusades

Of all the ways that Renaissance society was hierarchically divided, what was regarded as the most "natural" distinction and therefore the most important one to defend?

Gender

Under King Henry VII, who was the head of the church of England?

Henry VIII

Which of the following emerged as a distinct genre in Renaissance art?

Individual portraits portraying human ideals

What is another reason the medieval period is known as the Dark Ages?

Is because Europe dominated by superstition and by religious debates

Gender standards of the Renaissance required men in political power to be which of the following?

Married

What did Henry VIII of England yse to transform his country into a protestant state?

Pariament

Humanist and Renaissance ideas of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were spread by what new technology?

Printer press

The union of Utrecht was an alliance between whom?

Seven protestant northern provinces of the Netherlands

What was founded by Ignatius Loyola.

Society of Jesus, or Jesuits

By the fifteenth century, where were most African slaves in Europe found?

Spain and Portugal

The concept that blood could be either "Christian" or "Jewish" was developed by officials in the

Spanish inquiiisitions

France Charles VII created the first what?

Standing Army

Protestants differed from Catholics by insisting what about the priesthood?

That it belonged to all believers.

In 1545, the papacy created what body to help plan the Church's response to the Reformation?

The council of trent

What was an important factor in the emergence of the Italian Renaissance?

The rise of wealthy, urban patrons of the arts

How didi Italian humanists view the education of women?

They saw value in exposing women to classical models of reasoning

In the Habsburg-Valois wars of the 16th century, why did the Catholic French kings support the Lutheran German princes?

They wanted to keep the Holy Roman Empire fragmented

According to humanists, what was the goal of all education.

To benefit the public good

According to the Dutch humanist Erasmus, the key to reform was

education.

Medieval Europe had less

trade, fewer cities, and less cultural output than the original Roman Empire.