Chapter 15 review

Why did the Supreme Court rule in 1947 that state funds could be used to pay for busing students to religious schools?

The law would benefit the students and not the religion

Discrimination is unfair treatment of individuals based solely on their race, gender, national origin, age, physical disability, or religion.

True

Freedom of speech may be limited when there is a risk to public safety.

True

In New York Times Co. v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled against prior restraint.

True

In addition to freedom of the press, the First Amendment protects the freedom of assembly and freedom of petition.

True

In the 1950s, some public schools did not allow children of different races to go to school together.

True

Jim Crow laws were enacted by the states in response to the protections of the Fourteenth Amendment.

True

One way that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., took part in the civil rights movement was by organizing sit-ins.

True

The First Amendment protects freedom of speech, including freedom of speech.

True

The Founders of the United States were concerned about religious freedom and wanted it to be part of the new government they formed.

True

The Fourteenth Amendment granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States, guaranteed due process of law, and guaranteed equal protection of the law.

True

The Second Amendment protects an individual's right to own a gun.

True

The Supreme Court interprets rights guaranteed by the Constitution, including the right to freedom of speech.

True

The Supreme Court ruling in Roe vs Wade established a women's right to an abortion during the first six months of pregnancy.

True

The free exercise clause in the First Amendment protects the right of individuals to worship as they choose.

True

The government balances freedom of assembly with protection of the public and communities.

True

There are some circumstances under which the government may limit an individual's right to privacy.

True

Thomas Jefferson once referred to the establishment clause as a "wall of separation between church and state".

True

Under which legislation action is government surveillance allowed?

USA Patriot Act

The basic rights of free expression are limited for prisoners when...?

the speech could endanger inmates and staff

In which case would the government limit the freedom of the press?

to keep the outcome of a trial from being influenced

Under what circumstance would the government limit privacy by conducting surveillance on individual citizens?

to protect national security

In which case would free speech be limited by the government?

to protect public safety

How does the Supreme Court describe speech that is likely to cause immediate violence?

fighting words

Title IX of the Education Amendment Act prohibits discrimination based on?

gender

When is the substantial relationship clause used by courts?

in gender discrimination cases

Where is the establishment clause located?

in the first phrase of the First Amendment

What does the equal protection clause protect?

individual rights and limits to the power of government

Why was the First Amendment considered to be such an important idea for Americans?

it enables citizens to freely participate in democracy

How did the Supreme Court rule on affirmative action in college admission?

it said that racial quotas were illegal

The Supreme Court case of District of Columbia v. Heller involved the constitutional right to?

keep guns in the home

The National Rifle Association (NRA) fights for Second Amendment rights through?

lobbying and legislation

The First Amendment right that requests government action is freedom of...?

petition

The Supreme Court case of Roe v. Wade is an example of privacy as it relates to?

reproductive right

Which type of expression is defined as being offensive or indecent in nature?

obscenity

Why did the Constitution include freedoms such as assembly and petition?

Colonists were not permitted these freedoms under King George's rule

What is the name for provisions in state constitutions that ban government aid to any school with a religious affiliation?

Blaine amendments

How can both freedom of the press and the right to a fair trial be guaranteed in today's digital world?

Courts can sequester juries while the media continues to report trial news

In the Supreme Court decision did it rule that public school-sponsored prayer violates the establishment clause, even when it is voluntary?

Engel vs Vitale

Which legislation was not passed on the federal level?

Equal Rights Amendment

Because of Roe v. Wade, individuals are protected from racial discrimination in schools.

False

Freedom of petition is a right guaranteed by most forms of government.

False

In one case, the Supreme Court approved a plan to give low-income families vouchers to send their children to private schools, except religiously-affiliated schools.

False

Native Americans were granted U.S. citizenship in 1950.

False

Prior restraint is censorship of information after its published.

False

Procedural due process means that the laws themselves have to be fair.

False

Seditious speech is protected by the First Amendment.

False

State and federal governments in the United States may set up churches and pass laws that favor certain religions.

False

Symbolic speech is verbal expression to an audience that has chosen to listen.

False

The Supreme Court decision of Dred Scott vs Sandford states that enslaved men should have equal protection under the law.

False

The Voting Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination based on race, gender, religion, and national origin.

False

There are no amendments that directly or indirectly address the Issue of an individual's right to privacy.

False

There are no circumstances under which the government may limit the right to keep and bear arms

False

Why is the Fourteenth Amendment important?

It established citizenship from African Americans

In which of the following Supreme Court cases did incorporation of the constitutional rights apply?

Palko vs Connecticut

Which of the Supreme Court case involved the free exercise clause?

Reynolds vs United States

In which event would freedom of assembly be limited?

an event that promotes counter demonstrations of violence

In what kinds of cases is procedural due process most often used?

criminal law

The Supreme Court case Hernandez v. Texas prohibited discrimination based on...?

national origin

What type of discrimination does the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) work to prevent?

national origin