Chapter 15- Trace Minerals

What are the best food sources of iodine?

Iodized salt Seaweed

How many micrograms is the adequate intake of chromium for adult women?

25

What is the Adequate Intake for manganese for adult women?

3 mg/day

How many milligrams is the Upper Limit for zinc?

40

How many micrograms is the RDA for selenium?

55

The adult RDA for copper is _______ micrograms?

900

Copper is absorbed by simple diffusion and ______ transport into intestinal cells.

Active transport

When is the greatest amount of fluoride deposited in the teeth and bones?

Adolescence Infancy Childhood

What is a function of selenium?

Antioxidant Thyroid metabolism

How is iron absorbed?

As needed

Which tumor type is noncancerous because they are enclosed in a membrane that prevents them from spreading?

Benign Tumor

What is a function of manganese?

Carbohydrate metabolism

A person's genetic makeup may contribute to the risk of certain cancers, including

Colorectal Breast Prostate

Select all of the dietary changes a person could make to increase iron absorption.

Consume nonheme sources of iron in addition to heme sources of iron. Drink a glass of orange juice when taking an iron supplement.

What condition is associated with being overweight?

Diabetes

Which three of the following micronutrient deficiencies may lead to anemia?

Folic acid Copper Vitamin E

The best sources of selenium include seafood, meats, cereals and ______.

Grains

When iron stores are exceeded in ferritin iron will be stored as what compound?

Hemosiderin

What are secondary functions of iron within the human body?

Immune function Brain function Part of many enzymes

What mineral deficiency is considered 1 of the greatest global health risks?

Iron

Which of the following minerals has decreased absorption when a person increases their use of antacids?

Iron

_______ deficiency is the most common trace mineral deficiency worldwide?

Iron

Sally is very tired and having trouble concentrating in school. She seems to be getting sick easier as well. She could be suffering from what disease?

Iron deficiency anemia

What prevents the body from over absorbing iron?

Mucosal block

Which prevents the body from over absorbing zinc?

Mucosal block

Select the highest source of iron.

Navy beans, 1 cup cooked

The following nutrients will cure the common cold.

No nutrients

What factors decrease iron's bioavailability?

Oxalic acid Phytic acid

Select the primary functions of copper in the human body.

Part of enzymes Immune function Regulation of neurotransmitters

What is a function of fluoride?

Prevention of dental caries

What are the possible functions of chromium?

Promote glucose uptake into cells Enhance insulin action

Which of the following food items are the best sources of selenium?

Seafood Grains Cereals Meats

Which of the following are good food sources of copper?

Soy Milk Dark chocolate Shellfish

What is true regarding trace minerals?

They are needed in small quantities in the diet (less than 100mg daily) They are found in minute amounts in the body(less than 5 grams)

Consuming what nutrient with meals will increase iron absorption?

Vitamin C

What factors increase iron's bioavailability?

Vitamin C meat heme iron

Select the food source that has the least amount of selenium per serving.

White bread

Which of the following make up slightly half of all cancers in North America?

colorectal cancer Prostate cancer Lung cancer Breast cancer

Symptoms of a zinc deficiency include:

dermatitis diarrhea reduced sense of taste and smell

The enlargement of the thyroid gland is called an endemic __________.

goiter

When the thyroid gland enlarges to absorb more iodide, this enlargement is termed a

goiter

What are the symptoms of a iodine toxicity?

hyperthyroidism thyroid cancer

What is the main source of heme iron?

meat

What are the symptoms of a copper toxicity?

neurological damage nausea and vomiting

Which of the following foods are goitrogens?

raw cauliflower raw turnips peanuts

What are the functions of iodine as a component of T3?

regulation of body metabolism macronutrient metabolism brain development

For many Americans, most of their iodine will come from iodized ______?

salt

Over exposure to fluoride can lead to:

teeth mottling