Chapter 16
Male sex chromosomes are represented by: A) YY B) XY C) XX D) XO E) XZ
B) XY
The clusters of specific glands that produce milk when a woman is lactating are called: A) areolar glands B) alveolar glands C) lactating glands D) lactiferous ducts E) mammary glands
B) alveolar glands
Parturition is another term for: A) fertilization B) childbirth C) menopause D) menstruation E) menses
B) childbirth
Sperm that are ejaculated travel from the epididymis into the: A) urethra B) ductus (vas) deferens C) ejaculatory duct D) seminiferous tubule E) rete testis
B) ductus (vas) deferens
The primary germ layer that gives rise to the mucosae and associated glands is the: A) ectoderm B) endoderm C) blastocyst D) mesoderm E)morula
B) endoderm
The inner mucosal layer of the uterus that is sloughed off approximately every 28 days is called the: A) myometrium B) endometrium C) epimetrium D) perimetrium E) hypometrium
B) endometrium
Maturing sperm gain their ability to swim while in the: A) ejaculatory duct B) epididymis C) seminiferous tubules D) ductus deferens E) urethra
B) epididymis
Androgens such as testosterone are produced by the: A) epididymis B) interstitial cells C) bulbourethral glands D) seminiferous tubules E) prostate
B) interstitial cells
The hormone responsible for ovulation is: A) estrogen B) luteinizing hormone C) follicle-stimulating hormone D) progesterone E) adrenocorticotropic hormone
B) luteinizing hormone
The hormone produced by the placenta that causes the pelvic ligaments and pubic symphysis to relax, widen, and become more flexible to ease birth passage is called: A) chorion B) relaxin C) gonadotropin D) progesterone E) renin
B) relaxin
The exocrine function of the testes is: A) testosterone production B) sperm production C) embryo nutrition D) ovum fertilization E) estrogen production
B) sperm production
The primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis, which is found on the periphery of each seminiferous tubule, is called: A) secondary spermatocyte B) spermatogonia C) spermatid D) sperm E) primary spermatocyte
B) spermatogonia
Days 15-28 of the uterine (menstrual) cycle are known as: A) the menstrual phase B) the secretory phase C) menses D) implantation E) the proliferative phase
B) the secretory phase
Fertilization usually occurs in the: A) Graafian follicle B) ovary C) uterine (fallopian) tubes D) vagina E) uterus
C) uterine (fallopian) tubes
Normal healthy semen has an approximate pH level of: A) 6.0-7.0 B) 4.0-5.7 C) 8.5-9.0 D) 3.5-4 E) 7.2-7.6
E) 7.2-7.6
Thick, clear mucus that cleanses the urethra of acidic urine is produced by the: A) testes B) epididymis C) seminal vesicles D) prostate E) bulbourethral glands
E) bulbourethral glands
Which one of the following is NOT one of the secondary sex characteristics in young women: A) enlargement of the accessory organs of reproduction B) appearance of axillary and pubic hair C) widening and lightening of the pelvis D) breast development E) decreased fat deposits beneath the skin
E) decreased fat deposits beneath the skin
During a vasectomy operation, what portion of the male reproductive duct system is cut to prevent the passage of sperm to the outside of the body: A) urethra B) ejaculatory duct C) epididymis D) spermatic cord E) ductus (vas) deferens
E) ductus (vas) deferens
Spermatogenesis begins: A) prior to birth B) at birth C) during old age D) during adulthood E) during puberty
E) during puberty
In a female, the labia minora are two outer, hair-covered folds of skin that enclose the delicate, hair-free folds called the labia majora.
False
Oocytes are viable for 48-72 hours once ovulated from the ovary.
False
Ovulation occurs during the secretory phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle.
False
Sperm are matured and ejaculated from the epididymis and ductus (vas) deferens during ejaculation.
False
Spermatids are functional sperm.
False
The endoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis of the skin.
False
The hormone that causes secondary sex characteristics in males is progesterone.
False
The innermost layer of the uterus is called the myometrium.
False
The portion of the male urethra that is surrounded by the prostate is called the membranous urethra.
False
The two functional areas of the blastocyst are the morula and the trophoblast.
False
Urine and sperm are able to pass through the urethra at the same time.
False
Viable sperm cannot be produced at temperatures below body temperature.
False
When a year has passed without menstruation, a woman has reached menarche.
False
The process of ovulation occurs in females approximately every: A) 28 days B) 36 days C) 7 days D)14 days E)48days
A) 28 days
The uterine (menstrual) cycle is: A) 28 days long B) 40 days long C) 14 days long D) 7 days long E) 60 days long
A) 28 days long
Parturition occurs approximately how many days after a woman's last menstrual cycle: A) 280 days B) 180 days C) 240 days D) 315 days E) 330 days
A) 280 days
For a sperm cell to fertilize an ovum, sexual intercourse must occur no more than __________ hours before ovulation. A) 48 B) 72 C) 90 D) 12 E) 24
A) 48
The entire process of spermatogenesis takes approximately: A) 64-72 days B) 25-50 days C) 15 years D) 1 year E) 120 days
A) 64-72 days
Milky-colored fluid secreted from the prostate: A) activate sperm B) nourish sperm C) are endocrine only D) cleanse the urethra E) neutralize urine
A) activate sperm
The fluid-filled sac surrounding the fetus is the: A) amnion B) placenta C) umbilical cord D) chorionic villi E) mesoderm
A) amnion
Peristaltic waves squeeze sperm from the epididymis along to the outside of the male's body during: A) ejaculation B) spermagogenesis C) circumcision D) erection E) vasectomy
A) ejaculation
Which of the following is NOT a part of a male's testis: A) ejaculatory duct B) rete testis C) lobules D) seminiferous tubule E) interstitial cells
A) ejaculatory duct
Spermatogenesis produces: A) four sperm B) two spermatids C) four spermatids D) two sperm E) four spermatogonia
A) four sperm
The enlarged tip of the penis is referred to as the: A) glans penis B) shaft C) scrotum D) spongy urethra E) prepuce
A) glans penis
The middle part of the male urethra that extends from the prostate to the penis is called the: A) membranous urethra B) spongy urethra C) bulbourethra D) penile urethra E) prostatic urethra
A) membranous urethra
The first menstrual period, which usually occurs at approximately age 13, is called: A) menarche B) menses C) menopause D) menstruation E) menogen
A) menarche
Circumcision for males removes: A) prepuce B) shaft of penis C) ductus (vas) deferens D) scrotum E) glans penis
A) prepuce
The external female structure that corresponds to the male penis is the: A) labia majora B) cervix C) clitoris D) vagina E) perineum
C) clitoris
Which one of the following is NOT a component of semen: A) seminal fluid B) prostatic fluid C) epididymal fluid D) sperm E) bulbourethral fluid
C) epididymal fluid
The stage of labor that involves the delivery of the infant is the: A) secretory phase B) postpartum stage C) expulsion stage D) placental stage E) dilation stage
C) expulsion stage
The superior rounded region of the uterus above the entrance of the uterine tubes is called the: A) corpus B) body C) fundus D) mons pubis E) cervix
C) fundus
The mammary glands are: A) modified lacrimal glands B) modified sweat glands in females only C) modified sweat glands in both males and females D) modified sebaceous glands E) modified ceruminous glands
C) modified sweat glands in both males and females
The tiny ball of 16 cells found freely floating in the uterine cavity is called a: A) placenta B) trophoblast C) morula D) blastocyte E)zygote
C) morula
The process by which a mature egg is ejected from the ovary is called: A) fertilization B) ejaculation C) ovulation D)menses E)erection
C) ovulation
Females are born with a supply of approximately 2 million: A) polar bodies B) ova C) primary oocytes D) oogonia E) secondary oocyte
C) primary oocytes
The corpus luteum is a special glandular structure of the ovaries that primarily produces: A) testosterone B) estrogen C) progesterone D) interstitial cell-stimulating hormone E) luteinizing hormone
C) progesterone
The placenta is usually functioning to deliver nutrients and oxygen to, and remove waste from, the embryonic blood by the __________ of pregnancy. A) first week B) second week C) third week D) fourth week E) fifth week
C) third week
All the organ systems are laid down, at least in rudimentary form, and the embryo looks distinctly human by the __________ of embryonic development. A) first week B) second week C) fourth week D) eighth week E) twelfth week
D) eighth week
Which layer of the uterus serves as the site of implantation: A) cervix B) perimetrium C) myometrium D) endometrium E) fundus
D) endometrium
Each spermatid and ovum have: A) 23 pairs of chromosomes B) 46 chromosomes C) 46 pairs of chromosomes D) 23 chromosomes E) 2n chromosomes
D) 23 chromosomes
The presence of more oxytocin receptors in the uterus lead to weak, irregular contractions known as: A) menopause B) dystocia C) cryptorchidism D) Braxton Hicks E) C-section
D) Braxton Hicks
During oogenesis, an oogonium directly gives rise to: A) a secondary oocyte B) an ovum C) a first polar body D) a primary oocyte E) a second polar body
D) a primary oocyte
From fertilization to week 8 of pregnancy, the conceptus is called: A) a baby B) a zygote C) a fetus D) an embryo E) a morula
D) an embryo
Which one of the following is NOT one of the secondary sex characteristics typical of males: A) increased growth of body hair B) deepening voice C) thickening of bones D) increased sex drive E) enlargement of skeletal muscle mass
D) increased sex drive
The process in which sperm are streamlined into a head, midpiece, and tail is called: A) acrosomal reaction B) spermatogenesis C) ovulation D) spermiogenesis E) oogenesis
D) spermiogenesis
A fertilized egg is known as a: A) blastocyte B) morula C) secondary oocyte D) zygote E) primary oocyte
D) zygote
Menopause, which ends childbirth ability, is considered to have occurred when a woman: A) misses her first period B) has had a hysterectomy C) turns 50 D) misses two periods in a row E) has gone a year without menstruation
E) has gone a year without menstruation
Labor is initiated by prostaglandins and __________. A) progesterone B) renin C) relaxin D) human chorionic gonadotropin E) oxytocin
E) oxytocin
Which of the following cells could be fertilized: A) polar body B) oogonia C) primary oocyte D) corpus luteum E) secondary oocyte
E) secondary oocyte
Which one of the following is NOT true of the proliferative state of the menstrual cycle: A) it is stimulated by rising estrogen levels B) endometrial blood supply is increased C) the basal layer of the endometrium regenerates D) glands are formed in the endometrium E) the endometrium becomes thin and shiny in appearance
E) the endometrium becomes thin and shiny in appearance
A primary oocyte undergoes meiosis and produces a secondary oocyte and a polar body.
True
An erection results from blood filling the spongy erectile tissues of the penis.
True
Beginning at the ninth week of development, the embryo is referred to as a fetus.
True
Estrogens cause the appearance of secondary sex characteristics in females.
True
Hypertrophy of the prostate gland makes urination quite difficult for males.
True
One primary spermatocyte will undergo meiosis to ultimately form four sperm.
True
Oocytes are carried toward the uterus by both cilia and peristalsis.
True
Ovaries contain many tiny saclike structures called ovarian follicles, each of which consists of an immature egg surrounded by one or more layers of follicle cells.
True
Ovulation occurs when a vesicular (Graafian) follicles releases an egg.
True
Ovulation usually occurs on or about day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
True
Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum and is needed for maintenance if a female becomes pregnant.
True
Sperm swim are sluggish in an acidic environment below a pH of 6.
True
The acrosome helps a sperm penetrate the follicle cells that surround the egg.
True
The bulbourethral glands are located inferior to the prostate gland and produce a clear mucous secretion that aids lubrication during sexual intercourse.
True
The cervix typically dilates to about 10 cm during the dilation stage of labor
True
The cyclic changes that occur monthly in the ovary constitute the ovarian cycle.
True
The diamond-shaped region of a female's external genitalia found between the anterior end of the labial folds, the anus posteriorly, and the ischial tuberosities is called the perineum.
True
The ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate gland.
True
The external genitalia of a female is also called the vulva.
True
The males testes have both an endocrine and an exocrine function.
True
The placenta and its attached fetal membranes, delivered during the placental stage of labor, are called the afterbirth.
True
The process of childbirth is known as parturition.
True
The rapid mitotic cell division that occurs after the fertilization of an egg is known as cleavage.
True
When a woman is not pregnant, the endometrial lining of the uterus is sloughed off about every 28 days.
True
