Chapter 16 Respiratory System
Carbon dioxide is sometimes added to the air that a patient breathes in order to
Increases the rate and increase the depth of breathing
Surfactant
Is a substance secreted by cells in the lungs and reduces surface tension
The walls of the aveoli are composed of
Simple squamous
Microorganisms trapped in the mucus of the nasal cavity are most likely to be transported to the
Stomach
The receptors of the inflation reflex are most sensitive to
Stretch
The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords
True
The organs of the upper Respiratory tract are located outside the thorax
True
The pectoralis minor and the sternocleidomastoid are useful in aiding force expirations
True
Carbaminohemoglobin
When carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin, that compound is formed
Partial Pressure
Within a mixture of gases, the pressure created by each gas
Hyperventilation
A voluntary increase in the rate and depth of breathing
The procedure used directly examine the trachea and bronchial tree is called
Bronchoscopy
Breathing rate is mot likely to increase if the blood concentration of
Carbon dioxide increases
The enzyme carbonic anhydrase causes
Carbon dioxide to react with water
Hyperventilation is most likely to be accompanied by a(an)
Decrease in blood carbon dioxide concentration and a raise in pH
Gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and the blood in nearby capillaries occurs primarily by
Diffusion
Microorganisms removed from incoming air by sticky mucus are most likely to be destroyed by
Digestive action of gastric juice
The force responsible for normal expiration is supplied by
Elastic recoli of tissues and surface tension
Cancer that originates in the lungs is most likely to develop from
Epithelial cells
During forceful expiration, the air that can be expelled from the lungs in addition to the tidal volume is called
Exploratory reserve volume
The force that causes air to move into the lungs during inspiration is supplied by
External intercostal muscles
Which of the following muscles would be most helpful for forceful expiration?
External intercostals
The left lung is larger than the left lung and is divided into three lobes
False
The condition of the newsborns called respiratory distress syndrome is caused by
Lack of surfactant
The vocal cords are located within the
Larynx
Emphysema is characterized by an increase in
None of the choices
Laryngitis is potentially dangerous condition because it may cause
Obstruction of the airway
The condition in which air enters the pleural cavity is called
Pneumothorax
Which of the following are volumes that cannot be measured using a simple spirometer
Residual volume
The amount of air that enters or leaves the lungs during normal Respiratory cycle is the
Tidal volume
The visceral and parietal pleural membranes are normally held together by
Surfactant
Surface tension
The force that tends to hold the visceral and parietal pleural membranes together
Visceral pluera
The layer of serous membrane that is firmly attached to the surface of a lung
Vital capacity
The maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible is a measurement
Pleural cavity
The potential space between the pleural membranes
Pons
The respiratory center is located in the medulla oblongata and the pons of the brain stem
Carbon monoxide bonds to hemoglobin more effectively than does oxygen
True
