Chapter 17: function of the heart

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Excess Vagal stimulation to the SA node is most likely to cause

Bradycardia

Which term refers to a heart rate less than 60 beats/min

Bradycardia

Ventricular systole refers to

Contraction of the ventricular myocardium

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of

A very rapid heart rate

Which of the following I️s most likely to increase stoke volume

A(+) inotropic drug

A patient in heart failure is given a drug that is classified as a beta1- adrenergic agonist. The drug

Activates the beta1-adernergic receptors and causes a + inotropic effect

Which of the following is most likely to increase ejection fraction

Activation of beta1-adrenergic receptors

Contains 70mL

An average stroke volume

Refers to a positive inotropic effect

An increased myocardial contractile force

Decreased blood flow through the coronary arteries is most likely to cause

Angina pectoris

Systole and diastole describe the function of the

Myocardium

Which of the following is descriptive of the vagus nerve

Parasympathetic

Which of the following most accurately describes the vagus nerve

Parasympathetic

Which of the following is least likely to be used in the treatment left ventricular failure pulmonary edema

Peripheral vasoconstrictor such as norepinephrine (levophed)

Starlings law of the heart relates force of myocardial contraction with

Preload

Which of the following is the same as end-diastolic volume

Preload

Most likely consequence of acute left ventricular failure

Pulmonary edema

Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist and is therefore used to

Relieve bradycardia

Most of the symptoms of acute left sided heart failure are

Respiratory in nature (dyspnea, orthopnea)

Jugular vein distention is most associated with

Right sided heart failure

An elevation in pulmonary artery pressure is most likely to cause

Right ventricular hypertrophy

During atrial systole, the

Ventricles are relaxed

Digoxin, a drug used in the treatment of heart failure, increases contractile force and is therefore called a

+ inotropic agent

Which of the following drugs is sympathomimetic

Beta1-adrenergic agonist

Most likely to relieve an anxiety-induced tachycardia

Beta1-adrenergic blocker

Term for the sequence of events that accurately during one heart beat

Cardiac cycle

Heart rate and stroke volume determine

Cardiac output

Milliliters per minute describes

Cardiac output

Milliliters/beat,beats/min defines

Cardiac output

Which term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute

Cardiac output

Which of the following is correct about cardiac output

Cardiac output is determined by heart rate and stroke volume

Sympathetic nerve stimulation of the myocardium

Causes a(+) inotropic effect

An ejection fraction of 30% is

Characteristic of a failing heart

Venodilation

Decreases preload

Example of forward failure

Diminished renal blood flow stimulates the kidney to decrease urinary output and retain Na+ and water

Which of the following does not happen to a ventricle

Discharge of the Vagal nerve

The amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of its resting phase is

End diastolic volume EDV The amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of its resting phase Preload

Which of the following responsible for the starling effect

End-diastolic volume (EDV) or preload

Furosemide (lasix) a potent diuretic. Is administered in a cuter ventricular failure to

Excrete excess water and relieve the edema

Under what condition is end diastolic volume EDV most likely to increase while ejection fraction decreases

Heart failure

Vagal stimulation to the heart causes

Heart rate to slow

Vagal stimulation on the heart

Increases The amount of blood that flows into the heart from the vena cava

A stenotic aortic valve

Increases after load, thereby increasing the work of the left ventricle

A drug that blocks the vagus nerve

Increases heart rate

Atropine, a muscarinic blocker

Increases heart rate

Sympathetic stimulation to the heart

Increases heart rate

An increased preload

Increases stroke volume

Increased after load (hypertension)

Increases the work of the heart

Increased return of blood to the heart stretches the heart muscle thereby

Increasing stoke volume

Increased return of the blood to the heart stretches the muscle, thereby

Increasing stoke volume

Cardiac output

Is determined by heart rate and stroke volume

Which of the following is least related to bradycardia

More than 60 beats per min

A drug causes a + inotropic effect, a - dromotropic effect, and a - chronnotropic effect, what drug response would you expect to observe

Slow heart rate

Activation of the muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine

Slows heart rate

An increase in venous return causes an increase in cardiac output, this is accomplished by

Starling law of the heart

A change in preload causes a change in myocardial contractile force, this response is known as ,,

Starling law of the heart ,,

What is the term that refers to increase in stoke volume in response to the stretching of the heart

Starlings law of the heart

Cardiac output is determined by the heart rate and

Stroke volume

What term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricle in one beat

Stroke volume

Which of the following is descriptive of a drug that causes a + inotropic effect, a + dromotropic effect and a + chronic effect

Sympathomimetic

What happens during the ventricular diastole

The ventricles are filling with blood

Least likely to increase cardiac output

Vagal discharge

Least related to tachydysrhymthias ,,

Vagal discharge ,,


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