Chapter 17 Test
what mountain range generally marks a border between europe and asia?
the caucasus
which region has the most complex ethnic history?
the caucasus
built between 1891 and 1905; easier to import and export goods in siberia; home to many people
trans-siberian railroad
most cities and towns in siberia are located on/near here
trans-siberian railroad
true or false? eastern and central siberia have some of the coldest winters on earth.
true
a flat, treeless plain with permanently frozen ground
tundra
how have the caspian and black seas affected the climates of the caucasus?
warm winters and cool summers
when did the aral sea start shrinking?
when soviets began building farms in the desert and dug long canals to irrigate them
a large, circular structure made up of animal skins that can be packed up and moved from place to place; used as a home in Mongolia
yurts
the russian czars' main interest in central asia was mining what?
cotton
what types of minority groups in georgia have sought independence and self-rule?
ethnic
what were two of the earliest countries to convert to christianity?
georgia and armenia
labor camps maintained by the soviet union where many people died
gulags
made up of many things that are the same
homogeneous
the soviets changed the caucasus from an agricultural area to an ____________ area
industrial
to supply land with water through ditches or pipes
irrigate
which religion did the arabs bring to central asia when they conquered the region in a.d. 700s?
islam
which central asian country is trying to raise the aral sea's water?
kazakhstan
which country in central asia is the most sparsely populated?
kazakhstan
what ethnicity do two thirds of kyrgyzstan's people identify as?
kirghiz
russia and japan both claim ownership of parts of the _____ _______
kuril islanda
where were the first peoples to conquer parts of siberia and at it to their empire from?
manchuria
a fertile area that rises in a desert wherever water is available
oasis
describing a society based on herding animals
pastoral
the permanently frozen, lower layers of soil found in the tundra and subarctic climate zones
permafrost
what activity is important in most central asian cultures?
raising and racing horses
what language is widely spoken throughout central asia?
russian
under the rule of timur, what became a major center for astronomy and mathematics? (the center/capital of his empire)
samarqand
in what region is lake baikal located?
siberia
many people seek control of this; important for invaders and traders; great prize for invaders
silk road
a farm that is owned by the government but run by a group of farmers that work together
soviet collectives
a partly dry grassland often found on the edge of a desert
steppe
a large coniferous forest
taiga
by what century did russian control of siberia extend to the pacific ocean?
1700
what body of water has been changing and changing for the past 60+ years?
aral sea
most of central asia's climate is...
arid
where is most of azerbaijan's population located? (capital city)
baku
georgia, azerbaijan, armenia
caucasus
which of the three regions is the most urban?
caucasus
in what region are both the kyzyl kum and kara kum deserts located?
central asia
kazakhstan, rurkmenistan, uzbekistan, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan
central asia
which region formed their present day countries after the collapse of the soviet union in 1990?
central asia
which region is made up of lowland mountains and dune covered deserts?
central asia
