chapter 18

Which statement reflects a 21-year-old woman's achievement of an expected developmental task?

"I am planning to get married next year." This statement reflects an expected developmental task of a young adult.

During a counseling session which statement by an adolescent indicates he is adjusting to expected developmental tasks?

"I'm hoping to go to college." This indicates a developmental task of adolescence.

A nurse is assessing a preschooler who is able to draw a three-part human figure hop on one foot and recognize three colors. The nurse recognizes these characteristics as consistent for what age?

5 years old. These are characteristics consistent with developmental expectations of 5-year-old children.

A nurse recognizes that which patient has not yet successfully completed Erikson's final developmental stage?

A 75-year-old woman who tells the nurse that she wishes her friends were alive and she wishes she could change the choices she made over the years. Erikson's final stage is ego integrity versus despair, and this woman is voicing despair and regret about previous decisions made in her life.

When performing a physical assessment on a 7-month-old infant the nurse notes that the child is able to smile responsively and unable to roll from the prone to the supine position. What is the most appropriate action for this nurse?

Continue to assess the infant for other signs of developmental delay. An infant should be able to roll from prone to supine at 4 months.

A parent tells the nurse about having difficulty disciplining a 5-year-old child. What characteristic does the nurse teach this parent to improve the discipline of this child?

Five-year-olds should demonstrate basic social skills and respond to others' expectations. This describes expected developmental tasks of preschoolers.

A nurse asks a 15-year-old boy to think of an explanation for a simple puzzle. When he is unable to come up with any answer at all the nurse recognizes that he may not yet have successfully mastered which of Piaget's levels of cognitive development?

Formal operations. The formal operations level develops in children between the ages of 11 and 15 years, during which true logical thoughts and manipulation of abstract concepts emerge.

Which behavior indicates successful achievement of the major developmental tasks of a young adulthood?

Getting an appropriate education. Getting an appropriate education is a developmental task of young adults.

Which characteristics are expected during an assessment of a normal toddler?

Half of adult height achieved by age two potbelly and sway back. These are characteristics of toddlers.

Interviewing patients in middle adulthood the nurse recognizes which behavior as an expected developmental task for this age group?

Increased self-understanding. This is a developmental task of middle adulthood.

The mother of a 7-year-old boy takes him for a checkup at the local clinic. The nurse notes that the child has gained 4.9 lb and has grown 2.5 inches in 1 year. Based on these findings what is the most appropriate action of this nurse?

Inform the mother that the child's developmental rate is within the expected ranges for his age. For school-age children, growth continues at a slow pace, with an average 5 lb weight gain and 2 inch height increase per year.

The parents of a toddler express concern that the child is not progressing the same way as their other children did at that age. What is the most appropriate suggestion the nurse can give the parents about monitoring the progress of the toddler?

Informing the parents about the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ), which identifies developmental delays in children from 4 to 60 months. This is the best suggestion for these parents at this time. The ASQ is designed for parents to report data on their children.

Which behavior illustrates a developmental task for a "young-old" older adult?

Managing leisure time. This is a developmental task of the "young-old" adult (65 to 85 years of age).

A nurse notices that an infant tries to reach for a toy that the mother has hidden in her hand. This illustrates that the child has developed an understanding of which concept?

Object permanence. Meaning that objects and people still exist when they are out of sight.

Which statement best illustrates Erikson's theory of development?

One progresses through stages that involve specific psychosocial tasks. This statement is consistent with Erikson's theory of development.

A nurse makes observations about a toddler's motor development. Which behavior is an example of fine motor behavior?

Stacking blocks to make a tower. Stacking blocks to make a tower is an example of fine motor skills with hands and fingers.

During middle adulthood which immunization may be recommended?

Td. This is the only immunization recommended for this age group. Tetanus and diphtheria toxoid is recommended every 10 years.

What suggestions does the nurse make to parents to support the development of their 8-year-old child?

The child is rewarded for cooperation and healthy competition with peers. Cooperation and healthy competition are developmental tasks for school-age children.

The parents of a 14-year-old boy express concern that their son's behavior ranges from clean-cut and personable to "grungy" and sullen. They have tried talking with him about this and have tried disciplining him but he continues to show different sides and they are confused. What is the nurse's assessment for the behavior of this teenager?

This behavior is normal experimentation. Adolescents may behave in new and different ways, much to the chagrin of their parents, as they "try on" differing roles and values. Adolescents begin testing and evaluating previously accepted notions about life, living, spirituality, relating, and being.

A 7-month-old infant weighs 11.6 lb compared with a birth weight of 7.1 lb and has a head circumference of 19 inches. What does the nurse document about this infant?

Underweight and larger-than-normal head circumference. This 7-month-old infant should weigh more than 14 lb and have a head circumference of 16.5 to 17.5 inches. In general, infants double their birth weight by 4 to 5 months of age. Expected head circumference for term newborns averages from 13 to 14 inches (33 to 36 cm) and increases 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) monthly for the first six months.