chapter 19 exam 2 A&P
What organ serves as the control center for the regulation of erythropoiesis?
kidney
root word ? means white
leuk
What cells are categorized as agranulocytes?
lymphocytes and monocytes
The most abundant component of plasma is __________.
water
The most abundant component of plasma is:
water
Which of the following blood types is considered the universal recipient?
AB+
A sample reacts with anti-A and anti-B antibodies, but it does not react with anti-Rh antibodies. What is the sample's blood type?
AB-
which of the following factors is not related to anemia
abnormal leukocytes
Which of the following antibodies does a person with type B+ blood have in their plasma?
anti A antibodies
Which of the following pairs of terms can be used interchangeably?
antibody & agglutinin
Carbohydrate groups on the surfaces of erythrocytes determine blood type and are known as __________.
antigens
When is fibrin produced during the coagulation cascade?
common pathway
Rank from the first to the last steps to describe the correct order of events of erythropoiesis.
Hematopoeitic stem cell, Erythrocyte - CFU (colony forming unit), Pro-erythroblast, Early erythroblast, Late erythroblast, Reticulocyte, Erythrocyte
What cell gives rise to ALL formed elements?
Hemoasopoietic stem cell (HSC)
Which of the following functions is not associated with blood? Maintaining body temperature Performing immune functions Protecting internal organs Preserving acid-base homeostasis
Protecting internal organs
How would T3/T4 (thyroid) hormones travel via the blood?
T3/T4 will bind to a transport protein
What is hematocrit?
The percentage of blood composed of erythrocytes
Which of the following characteristics is not associated with platelets?
They are incapable of oxidative catabolism
What is the functional consequence of vascular spasms during hemostasis?
Vascular spasms decrease blood vessel diameter to limit blood loss.
what is the appropriate pathway for the steps of hemostasis.
Vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, coagulation, clot retraction, and thrombolysis
A centrifuged sample of blood shows 53% plasma, 1% buffy coat, and 46% erythrocytes. What percentage of the blood is composed of leukocytes and platelets?
1%
In the common pathway of coagulation, what factor combines with factor Va and calcium ions to form prothrombin activator?
Xa
Which antigens does a person with blood type A- have on the surface of his or her erythrocytes?
a antigens
Nora was exposed to radiation that caused her red bone marrow to make fewer red blood cells. This condition is known as
a plastic anemia
What plasma protein is most important for the blood's colloid osmotic pressure?
albumin
The ABO blood group is based on which antigen(s)?
antigens A and B
Which leukocyte is the least common and functions to mediate inflammation?
basophil
stain easily w a basic purple dye
basophils
Which of the following characteristics is associated with erythrocytes?
biconcave shape
Which of the following products from the breakdown of hemoglobin is excreted as a waste product by the liver?
bilirubin
What causes a bruise to appear greenish in the skin?
biliverdin
What ions are necessary for both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to the coagulation cascade?
calcium ions
Which of the following characteristics do platelets have?
capable of oxidative catabolism
Fibrin converts the soft, liquid platelet plug into a more solid mass by the process of
coagulation
Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would have problems with __________.
coagulation
Which of the following functions is not associated with erythropoietin?
decrease production of protein hemoglobin
Which of the following donors will be suitable for a recipient with type A+ blood?
donor with O- blood
A patient comes in with a parasitic worm infection. Which of the following blood cell count would you likely see increased?
eosinophil
Which leukocytes have cytoplasmic granules that stain red and bilobed nuclei?
eosinophils
root word means red
erythro
are red blood cells
erythrocytes
What event initiates the intrinsic or contact pathway of coagulation?
factor XII contacts exposed collagen fibers
Which of the following events must occur first during hemostasis?
formation of thrombin
root word means blood
hema
Bilirubin comes from the breakdown of:
heme molecules of hemoglobin that lack iron.
What is the oxygen-binding protein found in erythrocytes?
hemoglobin
What is the oxygen-binding protein found in erythrocytes?
hemoglobins
what process does agglutination promote
hemolysis
What clotting disorder results from an inadequate amount of the Christmas factor (IX)?
hemophilia B
What process involves a series of events that minimizes the amount of blood lost from an injured blood vessel?
hemostasis
is the process of stopping bleeding
hemostasis
are white blood cells
leukocytes
Which of the following organs produce most of the plasma proteins?
liver
Which type of leukocyte may produce antibodies?
lymphocyte
Platelets are cell fragments formed from __________.
megakaryocytes
Platelets form from large cells called __________.
megakaryocytes
During leukopoiesis, neutrophils are derived from __________.
myeloblasts
during leukopoiesis, basophils are derived from
myeloblasts
What is the most common type of leukocyte in a healthy adult?
neutrophil
Which of the following blood types is compatible with B- during a transfusion?
o-
Jerry is an alcoholic and does not eat enough food. He has been diagnosed with a vitamin deficiency. What blood disorder is the most likely a result of this deficiency?
pernicious anemia
root word means attraction
phil
Which of the following components is not one of the formed elements in blood? Platelets Leukocytes Plasma Erythrocytes
plasma
Hemostasis is mediated by which of the following formed elements?
platelets
Which of the following substances does not inhibit coagulation?
prothrombin
All red blood cells in an adult originate in the __________.
red bone marrow
In erythropoiesis, what is the name of the cell that ejects its nucleus and other organelles prior to being released into the bloodstream?
reticulocyte
Which organ traps older erythrocytes so they will be removed from circulation?
spleen
root word means related to clotting
thromb
What enzyme coverts fibrinogen to fibrin?
thrombin
what is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
thrombin
or platelets mediate the process of blood clotting
thrombocytes
what process dissolves blood clots
thrombomysis
What condition results in the formation of an inappropriate blood clot?
thrombosis
The primary function of red blood cells is to __________.
transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
What vitamin is necessary for certain clotting factors to operate during coagulation?
vitamin k
What chemical is produced by endothelial cells at the site of injury during the first step of platelet plug formation?
von willebrand factor
What is the average lifespan of erythrocytes?
100-120 days
What percentage of the blood is composed of plasma?
55%
How much blood does the average adult have?
5L
What is the average lifespan of a platelet?
7-10 days
Normal blood pH should fall between __________.
7.35-7.45
Mr. Ramirez, whose blood type is AB-, has been injured and requires a blood transfusion. Which blood type may be acceptable for Mr. Ramirez to acquire?
B-
Which of the following blood types would agglutinate if donated to a person with blood type A+?
B-
How can hydrophobic steroids travel in the blood?
By binding to hydrophilic transport proteins
Which of the following characteristics is not associated with erythrocytes?
Capable of protein synthesis
What is another name for the Rh antigen?
D antigen
