Chapter 2-4

B) chymotrypsin.

111. A proteolytic enzyme secreted by the pancreas is A) ribonuclease. B) chymotrypsin. C) amylase. D) enterogastrone. E) pancreatic lipase.

A) Cholecystokinin stimulates contraction of the gallbladder.

112. Which of the following statements concerning cholecystokinin is correct? A) Cholecystokinin stimulates contraction of the gallbladder. B) Cholecystokinin stimulates secretion of mucus by the gastric glands. C) Cholecystokinin stimulates the pancreas to release a bicarbonate-rich solution. D) Cholecystokinin stimulates the intestine to secrete trypsin. E) Cholecystokinin stimulates gastric secretions.

c) fatty acids and other lipids Level: 1

113. The major stimulus for the release of cholecystokinin is the presence of ______ in the intestine. A) bile B) pancreatic juice C) fatty acids and other lipids D) sugars E) proteins

D) small intestine.

122. Enzymes for the digestion of disaccharides are produced in the A) mouth. B) stomach. C) pancreas. D) small intestine. E) liver.

c

3. In order to remove a tumor in the muscular tunic of the stomach, a surgeon must cut through the A) lamina propria. B) submucosa. C) serosa. D) mucosa. E) lamina propria

a) facial and glossopharyngeal nerves Level: 1

37. Salivary gland secretion is primarily controlled by the A) facial and glossopharyngeal nerves. B) vagus nerve. C) taste centers of the medulla. D) intercostal nerves. E) trigeminal nerve.

d) Synthesize bile Level: 1

83. Which of the following is a function of the hepatocytes? A) produce digestive enzymes B) synthesize hormones C) produce hydrochloric acid D) synthesize bile E) regulate pH

B) lipids Level: 2

87. Damage to the liver would hamper digestion of A) carbohydrates. B) lipids. C) proteins. D) disaccharides. E) all of the above

a) produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats. Level: 1

88. The liver A) produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats. B) produces several digestive enzymes. C) stores vitamin C. D) receives oxygenated blood from the portal vein. E) can not synthesize new molecules.

A) performed continuously by the liver..

89. Bile secretion is A) performed continuously by the liver.. B) is stimulated by sympathetic nerves. C) is stimulated by decreased amounts of bile salts. D) stimulated by increased vitamin B12 storage. E) controlled by the gallbladder.

B) emulsifies fats in the small intestine.

90. Bile A) digests proteins in the small intestine. B) emulsifies fats in the small intestine. C) is made by the gallbladder and stored by the liver. D) activates trypsin in the small intestine. E) activates the pancreas.

A) production of many blood proteins. B) interconversion of nutrients. C) detoxification of harmful chemicals. D) bile production.

91. Functions of the liver include A) production of many blood proteins. B) interconversion of nutrients. C) detoxification of harmful chemicals. D) bile production. E) all of the above

pancreas Level:

93. Which of the following structures has both endocrine and exocrine tissue? A) colon B) liver C) pancreas D) gallbladder E) spleen

elimination of undigested food

1. Which of the following is a function performed by the digestive system? A) cellular respiration B) food selection C) elimination of undigested food D) regulation of blood pH E) integration and coordination of other systems

c) The pancreatic acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes

78. Which of the following statements regarding the pancreas is true? A) The head of the pancreas lies in the curvature of the ileum. B) The pancreatic duct carries both enzymes and hormones. C) The pancreatic acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes. D) The pancreas assists the stomach in the absorption of digested food. E) The pancreas digests sugar.

A) Secretions from the liver and pancreas enter this organ. B) Segmentation contractions occur in this organ. C) Both digestion and absorption occur in this organ. D) Mixing and propulsion of chyme

100. Which of the following apply to the small intestine? A) Secretions from the liver and pancreas enter this organ. B) Segmentation contractions occur in this organ. C) Both digestion and absorption occur in this organ. D) Mixing and propulsion of chyme. E) All of the above apply to the small intestine.

B) small intestine.

101. Cholecystokinin is produced by endocrine cells of the A) stomach. B) small intestine. C) pancreas. D) large intestine. E) liver.

C) Peristaltic contractions reaching this sphincter cause it to relax.

103. Which of the following statements applies to the ileocecal sphincter? A) Cecal distention enhances relaxation of this sphincter. B) Closure of this sphincter inhibits absorption in the small intestine. C) Peristaltic contractions reaching this sphincter cause it to relax. D) This sphincter is usually relaxed. E) This sphincter stays contracted.

B) cholecystokinin.

104. The gallbladder contracts in response to the hormone A) secretin. B) cholecystokinin. C) gastrin. D) enterokinin. E) insulin.

b Level: 2

105. When chyme enters the duodenum, ____ is released and stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonates. A) gastrin B) secretin C) insulin D) cholecystokinin E) glucagon.

B) triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder.

109. Enterokinase A) is a hormone. B) triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder. C) activates trypsinogen. D) increases duodenal motility. E) digests proteins.

a) liquefying and digesting food Level: 1

11. Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in A) liquefying and digesting the food. B) vitamin A and D production and storage. C) distribution of nutrients throughout the body. D) insulin production. E) bile production.

B) chymotrypsinogen.

110. Trypsin can activate A) pepsinogen. B) chymotrypsinogen. C) angiotensinogen. D) endopeptidase. E) lipase.

A) contains many mucus-secreting goblet cells. Level: 1

114. The mucosa of the colon A) contains many mucus-secreting goblet cells. B) exchanges sodium ions for chloride ions. C) actively secretes sodium and chloride ions. D) produces enzymes that complete lipid digestion. E) consists of stratified columnar epithelium.

D) convert chyme to feces.1

115. One of the major functions of the large intestine is to A) produce vitamin C. B) regulate the release of bile. C) break down hemoglobin to release bilirubin. D) convert chyme to feces. E) absorb nutrients.

B) amylase, maltase, and sucrase. Level: 1

125. Enzymes that digest carbohydrates include A) peptidases. B) amylase, maltase, and sucrase. C) lipase. D) maltase and lipase. E) trypsin, and chymotrypsin.

C) use a cotransport process in their absorption.

126. Monosaccharides A) are emulsified before absorption. B) are absorbed into lacteals. C) use a cotransport process in their absorption. D) need vitamin C to be absorbed. E) can not be absorbed.

C) lipids

127. If the thoracic duct were tied off, which of the following classes of nutrients would not enter the circulatory system at their normal rate? A) amino acids B) glucose C) lipids D) disaccharides E) monosaccharides

e Level: 2

131. Arrange the following events in the correct order: 1. absorption of lipids 2. emulsification 3. micelle formation 4. digestion of lipids A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 3, 4, 2, 1 C) 4, 1, 2, 3 D) 2, 4, 1, 3 E) 2, 4, 3, 1

b) Absorption of food Level: 1

14. Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in A) mastication of food. B) absorption of food. C) elimination of undigested food. D) propulsion of food through the digestive tract. E) mixing of food

B) Intestinal epithelial cells absorb more dipeptides and tripeptides than single amino acids.

140. Which of the following is true? A) Peptidases are made in the large intestine. B) Intestinal epithelial cells absorb more dipeptides and tripeptides than single amino acids. C) The hepatic artery transports amino acids from the small intestine to the liver. D) Amino acids leave intestinal epithelial cells and enter the lacteals. E) Protein digestion starts in the duodenum.

A) water moves by osmosis into the lumen of the small intestine.

141. When intestinal chyme is highly concentrated A) water moves by osmosis into the lumen of the small intestine. B) water moves by osmosis from the intestinal lumen into the blood. C) water moves by endocytosis from intestinal lumen into interstitial spaces. D) water moves by exocytosis from interstitial spaces into the stomach. E) water does not move.

B) pepsinogen and intrinsic factor

49. Which of the following are secreted by the stomach? A) amylase and lipase B) pepsinogen and intrinsic factor C) bile and lipase D) trypsin and amylase E) bicarbonate and secretin

D) controls movement and secretion of digestive tract

5. The enteric plexus A) is found in the mucosa. B) consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus. C) contains sympathetic neurons and fibers. D) controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract. E) is a valve in the GI tract.

C) Facilitates absorption of Vitamin B12 Level: 2

52. Intrinsic factor A) increases gastric motility. B) causes the release of stomach acid. C) facilitates the absorption of vitamin B12. D) protects the stomach lining from the effects of stomach acid. E) stimulates the synthesis of DNA.

C) Proper environment for functioning of pepsin Level: 2

53. Which of the following events occurs because of the low pH of the stomach? A) activation of salivary amylase B) enhanced carbohydrate digestion C) proper environment for functioning of pepsin D) protein synthesis E) lipid digestion

A) active transport of hydrogen ions from parietal cells into the lumen of the stomach Level: 2

54. The formation of HCl in the stomach involves the A) active transport of hydrogen ions from parietal cells into the lumen of the stomach. B) exchange of sodium ions for hydrogen ions in the transport process. C) active transport of chloride ions from parietal cells into the lumen of the stomach. D) exchange of sodium and bicarbonate ions. E) the combination of carbon dioxide and water.

a Level: 3

55. Assume we could alter the conditions in the duodenum. If we inserted a large volume of highly acidic chyme which contained a large amount of fat, which of the following responses are consistent with that? 1. decreased gastric acid secretion 2. increased bile production 3. increased pancreatic bicarbonate production and pancreatic enzyme secretion 4. increased secretin and cholecystokinin A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 1, 2, 3 C) 2, 3, 4 D) 1, 3, 4 E) 1, 2, 4

C) GIP Level: 2

61. Which of the following would inhibit both gastric secretion and gastric motility? A) vagal stimulation and gastrin B) chewing and swallowing food C) gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) D) gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) E) large amounts of fiber in the diet

c) Secretin Level: 2

62. Which of the following would stimulate gastric secretion? A) acidic chyme in duodenum B) secretin C) gastrin D) cholecystokinin E) pepsin

B) GIP and CCK Level: 2

63. Fatty acids and certain lipids in the duodenum initiate the release of A) secretin and gastrin. B) gastric inhibitory peptide and cholecystokinin (CCK). C) gastrin and gastric inhibitory peptide. D) somatomedin and GIP. E) insulin and glucagon.

E) Chyme from entering large intestine Level: 1

75. Blockage of the ileocecal valve would prevent A) pancreatic juice from entering the duodenum. B) bile from entering the duodenum. C) lymph from entering the jejunum. D) chyme from entering the ileum. E) chyme from entering the large intestine.

C) Stores bile Level: 1

76. The gallbladder A) produces bile. B) is attached to the pancreas. C) stores bile. D) produces secretin. E) breaks down red blood cells.

e) are endocrine glands Level: 1

77. The pancreatic islets A) are found in the wall of the stomach. B) excrete mucus. C) produce digestive enzymes. D) are exocrine glands. E) are endocrine glands.

b) Gallbladder into hepatic duct Level: 2

79. Bile would flow directly from the A) gallbladder into the hepatic duct. B) hepatic ducts into the common hepatic duct. C) bile canaliculus into the cystic duct. D) common bile duct into the gallbladder. E) cystic duct into the hepatic ducts

A) phagocytize cells. B) form phospholipids and hydroxylate vitamin D. C) convert ammonia to urea. D) remove sugar from the blood and store is as glycogen.

92. Hepatocytes A) phagocytize cells. B) form phospholipids and hydroxylate vitamin D. C) convert ammonia to urea. D) remove sugar from the blood and store is as glycogen. E) all of the above