Chapter 2

Zygomatic Arch (2)

A long, thin, arched process extending anteriorly from the squama to the zygomatic bone. It lies above the external auditory meatus and divides the length of the ear in half. It is considered the widest part of the face.

Mastoid Process (2)

A rounded projection of the interior portion of temporal bone just medial to the lobe of the ear. The sternocleidomastoid muscle attaches to the mastoid process. The widest part of the neck is measured by a straight line extending between the midpoints of the bellies of the two sternocleidomastoid muscles.

Mandibular Fossa (2)

A small oval depression or socket on the underside of the temporal bone. The condoyle of the mandible articulates in the depression. Lies just anterior to the external auditory meatus.

Glabella (1)

An elevation located between the superciliary arches on the inferior part of the frontal bone immediately above the root of the nose. The root is the point at which the two nasal bones touch the frontal bone.

Foramen Magnum

An opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord, spinal arteries, and nerves pass. It is located midway between two mastoid processes. This opening can assist in securing the head to the body in a decapitation death.

Dental Prognathism (Buck Teeth)

Can occur in this bone. The point where the two maxilla meet form a sharp bony process known as the nasal spine. The nasal spine creates the inferior border of the nasal skeleton.

Temporal Bone (2)

Comprises the inferior portion of the sides and base of the cranium. They are located inferior to the parietal bones and anterior to the occipital bone.

Palatine Process

Forms anterior part of the hard palate of the mouth. Part of the nasal cavity and part of the orbital cavity.

Occipital Bone (1)

Forms the lowest part of the back and base of the cranium. Acts as a cradle for the brain.

Parietal Eminence

Marked convexities on the outer surfaces of the parietal bones, are considered the widest part of the cranium.

Frontal Eminences (2)

Rounded prominences on either side of the median line and a little inferior to the center of the frontal bone. A warm-color area of the face.

Frontal Bone (1)

The anterior 1/3 of the cranium forming the forehead and parts of the eye socket and most of the anterior of the cranial floor. It is comprised of two planes - the vertical plane making up the forehead and the horizontal plane making up the superior part of the cranium.

Body of the Mandible (1)

The curve-shaped, horizontal, and lowest part of the lower jaw. It contains alveolar processes for the teeth, as the maxilla does.

Zygomatic Bone (2)

The diamond-shaped bones that form the cheekbones. They are located on the frontal and lateral planes of the face. The bones form part of the inferior and lateral surfaces of the orbital cavity.

Vertex

The highest part of the cranium.

Mandible Bone (1)

The horseshoe-shaped bone forming the lower jaw. It consists of two portions - the body and the ramus.

Superciliary Arches (2)

The inferior part of the forehead just superior to the medial ends of the eyebrows.

Maxilla (2)

The maxillae are the bones of the upper jaw. They form the skeletal base for most of the superior portion of the face, anterior roof of the mouth, sides and floor of the nasal cavity, and floor of the orbits.

Nasal Bone (2)

The nasal bones lie directly inferior to the glabella. They form the bridge of the nose and the dome over the superior portion of the nasal cavity.

External Auditory Meatus (2)

The opening of the ear passage located in front of the mastoid process.

Nasal Cavity

The orifice (opening) in the face bounded by the margins of the nasal bones and the maxilla. The cavity is made up of two irregular-shaped spaces separated by a cartilage, which makes up a small part of the septum. This area is used as a hidden injection point for tissue building in the face.

Alveolar Process

The ridge of thick, spongy bone surrounding the alveoli of the teeth.

Supraorbital Margin (2)

The superior rim of the eye socket.

Squama

The thin superior part of the temporal bone. The temporal cavity is immediately lateral the squama and this space houses the temporalis muscle, which may atrophy and dehydrate, causing it to shrink , as in sunken temples, and require tissue building.

Ramus (2)

The vertical portions of the mandible. It is wide, flat, and quadrilateral in shape.

Parietal Bone (2)

These bones create the superior portion of the sides and back of the cranium as well as the posterior 2/3 of the roof of the cranium.

Zygomatic Process

Where the temporal bone joins the zygomatic bone.