Chapter 2, Convergence & the Reshaping Of Mass Comm.

From 2016 to 2017, the number of radio listeners

increased only 1%.

The erosion of traditional distinguishing characteristics of specific types of media is called

Convergence

Which of the following are associated with the increase in electronic sell-through (EST)?

DVD sales and rentals have declined. Americans are using the Internet more often and watching more videos than ever before.

Which of the following is true of DVD sales in 2014-2015?

DVD sales continued to decline.

Which of the following statements regarding U.S. box office revenue in the twenty-first century are true?

Box office revenue is generated by fewer tickets per person each year. Box office revenue reaches over $11 billion per year.

According to Senator Bernie Sanders, what is the threat of major media conglomerates controlling the distribution of information?

Conglomerates will seek to make as much money as possible rather than accurately informing the American people.

The ownership of media outlets by larger, nonmedia companies is called

Conglomeration?

True or false: All 50 states have a daily newspaper reporter assigned to Washington, DC, to cover Congress.

False

True or false: CD music sales are the one area in which an established media industry has unquestionably thrived in the face of rapid technological change.

False

Today's top-rated TV show draws how many television viewers compared to Cheers, the top-rated program in 1990?

Fewer

Which statement is true of recent movie attendance in the United States?

Only 13% of Americans go to the movies once a month or more.

Which of the following are ways that video-game consoles exemplify convergence?

The consoles allow users to view online movies. The consoles offer original programming. The consoles provide access the Internet.

Which of the following statements about music CD sales in recent years are accurate?

The dollar value of music CD sales dropped between 2014 and 2015. The number of music CDs sold fell between 2016 and 2018.

To accompany its hit series The Walking Dead, the cable network AMC produces ______, a type of content that appears only on the Internet.

Webisodes

Armando heads to his neighborhood café to read the newspaper on his tablet and listen to streaming music on his headphones. Which of the following will make this possible?

Wi-Fi

Which of the following best describes the impact Wi-Fi has had on convergence?

Wi-Fi has made it possible for people to easily and conveniently access digitized content any place, any time.

According to defenders of increased globalization, what factor fuels both globalization and media ownership concentration?

the need to reach a fragmented and widespread audience

In the past fifteen years, the share of all television viewing commanded by the four major television broadcast networks has

declined significantly.

From 2016 to 2017, the amount of time spent listening to radio

decreased 1%.

The concept that bigger is better because the relative cost of an operation's output declines as the size of the operation grows is called

economies of scale

Which of the following terms refers to the purchase of downloadable digital movies?

electronic sell-through

As the characteristics of media consumption have changed, media industries are adjusting to be able to cater to an audience that is

fragmented into a great number of niches.

The ownership of media outlets by large, multinational conglomerates is an example of

globalization.

What is it about the concentration of media ownership that has contributed to increasing media convergence?

A company with multiple channels of delivery has a strong incentive to employ as many of them as possible to get the greatest use from its content.

Which of the following are examples of the effects of conglomeration?

A media outlet increases the number of its stories that have a primarily entertainment value. A media outlet does not report on an investigation into financial corruption that mentions the media outlet's parent company.

Which of the following statements regarding the ownership of media companies is accurate?

A small number of large conglomerates own most media outlets.

Which of the following statements regarding the U.S. newspaper industry from 2016 to 2017 is accurate?

Daily circulation of print newspapers declined.

From 2015 to 2016, U.S. magazine industry revenue

Declined

drawback for media conglomerate

Foreign countries place limits on the amount and type of programming allowed in their countries. Foreign countries place limits on the amount and type of programming allowed in their countries

Which of the following would be considered media multitasking?

Joe texts on his cell phone while he watches a video on his tablet. Erica watches TV, her computer, and handheld devices simultaneously.

drawback for foreign country

Local media industries and local cultures are overwhelmed by high-quality US media content. Local media industries and local cultures are overwhelmed by high-quality US media content.

Which of the following are general concerns when large, multinational conglomerates make the majority of media acquisitions?

Local media industries and local cultures will be overwhelmed by the programs of large, multinational conglomerates. Foreign corporations may try to influence media content to suit their own purposes. With an eye toward an expanding worldwide market, media companies may tailor their content to the widest possible global audience.

In what ways is the concentration of ownership of media companies a disaster for democracy, according to Senator Bernie Sanders?

Major media conglomerates are not focused on educating the American people. The function of media companies that control the news has become to make as much money as they possibly can. Owners do not feel bound to the idea of providing diverse opinions on an issue.

Which of the following challenges are media companies likely to face as a result of conglomeration and concentration of media ownership?

Media companies will have a more difficult time reaching increasingly fragmented audiences. Media companies will need to rethink ways of customizing content to retain their audiences.

Which of the following is a way in which the concentration of media ownership and conglomeration will affect media industries' relationships with audiences?

Media industries are likely to offer less variety.

How has concentration of ownership of media companies impacted the information that is available to consumers?

Media mergers have limited the range of information available to consumers.

What impact does increasing the number of points of distribution have on the quality of media programming?

More points of distribution increase revenues, which can be used to improve programming.

Consuming several different types of media at the same time is called media

Multitasking

Which of the following statements about DVD sales in recent years are accurate?

Rentals from DVD kiosks have fallen. DVD sales have decreased.

How might media companies' efforts to expand into more markets worldwide affect the fare they offer consumers here in the United States?

Story and character may suffer in favor of car chases and explosions, which translate better to foreign audiences.

Which of the following statements about changes in press coverage of government is accurate?

The number of full-time statehouse newspaper journalists has declined considerably since 2003.

According to New York University law professor Burt Neuborne, conglomeration has led to sensationalism in the press for which of the following reasons?

The press is no longer controlled by persons feeling a zealous responsibility to the First Amendment. The press is now subject to a market psychology.

Which of the following are benefits of concentration and conglomeration?

The resulting media companies face less financial instability. Large companies can reach a more widespread audience.

Which of the following are arguments given by those who defend the idea that globalization is necessary for the economic survival of media companies?

The world's economies are becoming increasingly intertwined. Globalization is necessary for reaching a widespread, fragmented audience. Media companies need to reach people in emerging democracies.

Foreign countries have responded to the offerings of American media conglomerates in which of the following ways?

They have placed restrictions on the amount and type of U.S. media content allowed in their countries.

Which of the following statements about large, media-owning corporations are accurate?

They may run businesses other than the media companies they own. They tend to be dominated by a bottom-line mentality in which the profit incentive rules.

What is one potential benefit of globalization for media audiences?

Through the exchange of their different media, different cultures can learn from one another.

True or false: New technologies have dramatically blurred the distinctions among various types of media.

True

What is an oligopoly?

a concentration of industries into an ever smaller number of companies

Persons who have no preference for how they access media content are referred to as being platform

agnostic.

The major challenge facing media industries today is that of

capturing a mass audience that has become fragmented.

When Dan Rather stated that "The larger the entities that own and control the news operations, the more distant they become," he was alluding to the idea that

conglomeration has made news outlets more responsible to the profit motive than to news reporting.

Which of the following have fueled media convergence?

continual advancement in technology the digitization of information high-speed connectivity

Media convergence has occurred, in part, because of audience fragmentation and the tendency of audiences to be

platform agnostic.

Concentration of media ownership has contributed to the emergence of news deserts, which

result in severely limited access to local political news. result in voters who are less politically engaged. are communities starved for vital news due to a lack of journalistic resources.

When the manager of newspaper chain 10/30 Communications said that many companies had "wrongly divided their focus among many customer groups," he was arguing that they had just one customer and their purpose was to

sell that customer's products.

A media company's practice of making use of as many media channels of delivery as possible is called

synergy.

Conglomeration can lead to the degradation of media content because of

the corporations' overriding concern with making a profit.

What has been the driving force behind recent mergers and acquisitions in the media and telecommunications industries?

the desire to blend existing media with other forms

Which of the following are examples of media convergence?

the simultaneous release of a music CD in stores, streaming for free on the Internet, and available for temporary download through a music site the launch of a film in theaters as well as on demand via a satellite television provider, on the iPad, and streamed over the Internet

Which of the following is the reason that many telecommunications professionals argue that concentration and conglomeration are necessary?

to maintain the financial strength of media companies and limit the influence of advertisers

A Web-only television program is known as a(n)

webisode.