Chapter 2 - Internet Chapter 2 Key Terms

SERVER

A ____ is a computer that provides resources or services upon request from another computer or device.

server

A ____ is a computer that provides resources or services upon request from another computer or device.

virus

A ____ is a small, potentially damaging program or app that can infect a computer or device.

firewall

A ____ on a home computer connected to the Internet might be set to block certain outgoing communications from a specific software application or operating system utility.

bookmark

A browser shortcut to a frequently viewed webpage is referred to as a favorite or ____.

IP addresses

A domain name is a text alias for one or more ____.

upper-left

A logo and/or the business or organization's name generally appears at or near the ____ corner of a webpage to help visitors identify the website.

portal

A special type of website that offers access to a vast range of content and services is called a ____.

Internet Protocol address

A unique number that identifies a computer or device connected to the Internet is its ____.

RSS (Really Simple Syndication) (64) and Atom

A web feed, is a service that provides updates to web content for subscribers. RSS and atom, are technologies that distribute web content to subscribers based on the websites and types of web content the user specifies.

static IP address

A(n) ____ seldom changes.

Extension (63)

Add-ons, also called accelerators or Extensions, allow you to access web content or take some action based on selected webpage text. For example, you can select webpage text and then open an online dictionary to see a definition of the word or translate the word into another language, or use it as a search keyword.

Golf.com

An example of a portal that focuses on a narrow range of information and services and appeals to visitors with specific interests is ____.

Client/server computing (37)

Before a browser can display a webpage, it must first send a request for a copy of the page to the web server that hosts the webpage. The web server responds to the request by sending a copy of the webpage to the browser. This process is called a client/server computing. In which a client--the browser--requests services from another computer--the web server.

Cookie (82)

Businesses and other websites often rely on cookies to identify users and customize webpages. A cookie is a small text file stored on a computer or device that can contain data, such as a username, password, shipping address, or viewing preferences. Businesses that can use the information stored in cookies to deliver customized webpages to remember a username and password, or to present targeted advertisements on a web page. Can track website pages users's visit most often and other website visitor stats. Cookies can provide a positive visitor experience by speeding up the check out / sign in /login process. Cookies still can be a cause for concern because the information is collected without the visitors explicit consent and can be used by the website or sold to other websites without consent. Browsers allow to set options for cookie handling. (privacy)

Static IP address (38)

Computers with a constant Internet connection, such as web servers or personal computers with a broadband connection, may have a permanent or static IP address that seldom changes. Most mobile devices do not have a static IP address. Devices that connect to the internet through a temporary connection.

Dynamic IP address (38)

Device that connect to the Internet through a temporary connection generally use a temporary IP address- called Dynamic IP Address, for the duration of the connection.

privacy

Information ____ refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of personal information.

Privacy Statement (82)

Like ISPs most businesses publish their privacy policies in an easily accessible privacy statement posted at their websites.

keyword

Many websites include a(n) ____ search feature to allow you to find a specific webpage within a website.

privacy and security policy statement

Most commercial webpages include a ____ informing visitors about the type of information collected from them at the website and how the company uses it.

Atom

Really Simple Syndication and ____ are technologies that distribute web content to subscribers based on the websites and types of web content the user specifies.

Rich Media Ad (46)

Some advertisements with attention-grabbing sounds and animations, called rich media ads, even appear right in the middle of or floating across the webpages or app you are viewing.

public domain

Some webpage images, such as many images found at U.S. government websites, are in the ____ and can be used freely.

Domain Name System (DNS) (39)

The DNS names server translates or "resolves" the domain name to its numeric IP address and returns the IP address to the browser. Then, the request for a webpage travels to the web server that hosts the webpage. Name servers are part of the Domain Name System (DNS)

display area

The ____ in the Internet Explorer 11 browser contains the webpage a web server requests.

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) (39)

The organization that oversees naming and numbering functions in the DNS and controls the domain name registration system that is the internet corporation for assigned names and numbers (icann). Icann is a nonprofit organization that currently operates under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

home page

The primary page at a website is called its ____.

Personally identifiable information (PII) (82)

The privacy statement should indicatehow the company handles personally identifiable information (PII) such as email addresses, names and addresses, or even more sensitive personal information, such as health, financila, political, or religious information.

zooming

The process of enlarging or reducing the view of the entire current webpage is called ____.

carousels

To provide a variety of updated content, a news home page may use ____, which change content every few seconds.

Refresh

To request a fresh copy of the current webpage from the web server, click the ____ button.

Country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) (39)

Today there are many more top-level domains. Many nations also have a country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) such as .us for the United States .ca for Canada, and . uk for the United Kingdom. New domain names include .vegas and .technology.

copyright

U.S. ____ laws protect content owners from unauthorized copying and sharing of text, images, and other media.

AutoComplete

Using the text you enter as a basis, ____ suggests websites and search keywords and displays them in a list as illustrated in the accompanying figure.

offline

Working ____ means that you are viewing previously loaded or saved webpages in the browser, but you are not connected to the Internet.

Zooming (75)

You can change the view of the entire current web page by enlarging or reducing it in a process called zooming.

TPLs

____ are one method to control websites that can track your content on the Internet.

Opera

____, which is used on both computers and mobile devices, is the second oldest browser.

Tabbed browsing (50)

allows you to open multiple webpages in a single browser window; each webpage you open appears in its own tab. The active tab appears in the foreground. If you are using a desktop laptop browser, you likely will be able to see all the tabs at once.

Add-on (63)

also called accelerators (or extensions) allow you to access web content or take some action based on selected webpage text. For example, you can select webpage text and then open an online dictionary to see a definition of the word or translate the word into another language, or use it as a search keyword. Some add-ons are available for multiple platforms and devices, such as Evernot, which enables you to take notes and save web content to the cloud, and sync the data to your laptop, tablet, smartphone

Web content filter (80)

also called internet filters, aare hardware and/or software that control the display of web content based on the user settings.

Internet filters (80)

also called web content filters, are hardware and or software that control the display of web content based on user settings. For example, parents can use a web content filter to protect their children from objectionable material. Employer/employees at work.

Tracking Protection LIsts (TPLs) (79)

are one method to control websites that can access your content on the internet. Every time you visit a website, the website potentially can take not of your searches, clicks, and other activity, and share that information with other websites.

History list (60)

displays a list of past browsing data. Your history list might contain icons for websites visited several weeks ago, last week, and every day of the current week, including today, depending on your settings.

AutoComplete (68)

feature to suggest websites and search keywords and displays them in a list.

Web address (39)

identifies an individual webpage or other web-based resource (check our URL)

Top-level domain (TLD) (39)

identifies the type of organization associated with the domain. Originally, only seven generic top-level domains existed, including .com, .edu, and.org. today there are many more.

Secure Sockets Layer (79)

is a commonly used protocol for managing the security of message transmissions on the internet. Using a secure connection ecusres the verifiable identity of the website based on information provided to an organization, called a certificate authority.

Server (37)

is a computer that serves up or provides the requested resources or services. might be located in teh same building in a nearby building, or in the case of a web server any where in the world.

Adware (83)

is a form of spyware that gathers information and then uses that information to deliver targeted web advertising. Visitors sometimes unknowingly download adware when downloading other software.

Spyware (83)

is a general term usually applied to any technology that accesses your computer system to gather information without your knowledge and approval.

Name Server (38)

is a server that contains databases with domain names and the numeric IP addresses to which they correspond. The DNS name server translates or "resolves" the domain name to its numeric IP address and returns the IP address to the browser. then, request for a webpage travels to the web server that hosts the webpage.

Web feed (64)

is a service that provides updates to web content for subscribers. then rss comes into play (check our RSS)

Virus (77)

is a small, potentially damagining program or app that can infect a computer or device, which then can infect other computers or devices or the same network, or generate virus-enabled email or text messages or social networking posts and send the virus to the user's contacts.

Feed Reader (64)

is a software or app that collects the user's web feed content and provides it in a readable format for the usre. Popular uses of web feeds include news headlines, links to website content, and blog postings, to subscribers.

Browser Sniffing (37)

is a technique websites use to determine the device and platform requesting the webpage information, to help the website deliver appropriate content and formatting for the device. For more information, use a search engine for browser sniffing.

Domain name (38)

is a text alias for one or more IP addresses 69.32.133.11. When a user enters a domain name such as cengage.com into a browsers, the browser must look up the corresponding IP address by requesting the IP address from a name server.

Web bug (83)

is a tiny hidden graphic embedded in a webpage. Third-party advertisers sometimes use web bugs to collect information about website visitors.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL) (39)

is a unique address, sometimes called a web address, that identifies an individual webpage or other web-based resource. A URL has several components.

IP address (Internet Protocol address) (38)

is a unique number that identifies a computer or device connected to the internet. Just as a postal service relies on mailing addresses to ensure correct mail deliver, the internet relies on IP address to ensure that data goes to the correct computer or device.

Malicious Web site (81)

is a website that is designed to look like a legitimate website, such as a website for downloading online games, but actually is owned by hackers or online thieves who use its content to capture your sensitive personal information, such as your name and password, or to distribute malicious software.

Client (37)

is an application that runs on a computer or device, which requests resources or services from another computer or device. A server is a computer that serves up or provides the requested resources or services.

Hacker (76)

is an individual who uses technology skills to access a network and the computers on that network without authroization. "Cracker" and "black hat hacker" are terms used to describe a criminal or unethical hacker. A hacker typically accesses a computer or device's power, all without the owner's knowledge or permission. The level of exposure is greater for users with an always on internet connection.

Home page (34)

is the primary webpage at a website. A personal website, for example, might consist of a single home page containing relevant information about an individual or a family. Alternatively, the website might also include additional webpages containing photos, links, to blog or social media, or other content. Visitors move among the web-pages using links and navigation tools.

Favorite (56)

or bookmark, is a browser shortcut to frequently viewed webpages. You create a new favorite, which includes the webpage's title and URL, for the current webpage by tapping or clicking a Favorites or Bookmark button, which, if available, may appear to the right or left of the tab row. A window should open that enables you to save the favorite or book mark so that you can revise it.

Accelerator (63)

or extensions (add-ons) allow you to access web content or take some action based on selected webpage text. For example, you can select webpage text and then open an online dictionary to see a definition of the word or translate the word into another language, or use it as a search keyword. Some add-ons are available for multiple platforms and devices, such as Evernot, which enables you to take notes and save web content to the cloud, and sync the data to your laptop, tablet, smartphone, and other devices.

Bookmark (56)

or favorite, is a browser shortcut to frequently viewed webpages. You create a new favorite, which includes the webpage's title and URL, for the current webpage by tapping or clicking a Favorites or Bookmark button, which, if available, may appear to the right or left of the tab row. A window should open that enables you to save the favorite or book mark so that you can revise it.

Aggregator (64)

or feed reader, can be an email client or browser add-on. Most browsers have a built-in feed reader. You also can download stand-alone feed readers, such as NewsCrawler, or subscribe to online feed services, such as Bloglines. Feed readers generally are available for free.

Web portal (35)

or portal, simply a portal- is a special type of website that offers access to a vast range of content and services. Some web portals serve as a starting point for visitors when they open their browsers. These types usually offer local breaking news, national, international news, weather and sports scores, access to reference tools such as online white or yellow pages; amerket information and stock tickers; maps and driving instructions; links to other general-purpose websites; and a search tool.

Portal (35)

or web portal, simply a portal- is a special type of website that offers access to a vast range of content and services. Some web portals serve as a starting point for visitors when they open their browsers. These types usually offer local breaking news, national, international news, weather and sports scores, access to reference tools such as online white or yellow pages; amerket information and stock tickers; maps and driving instructions; links to other general-purpose websites; and a search tool.

Big Data (81)

refers to collection and sharing of data from various formats and sources, often without your knowledge. to learn more about big data issues, use a search engine to search for big data.

Information privacy (81)

refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of personal information. Websites track personal information entered in webpage forms and stored int he company's databases. Although this information should be accessible only to authorized users, some people question whether this data really is private.

Atom (64)

technologies that distribute web content to subscribers based on the websites and types of web content to subscribers based on the websites and types of web content the user specifies.

Secure connection (79)

uses https:// rather than http:// as its connection protocol, and a locked padlock icon appears on the security status bar on the right side of the Address bar. Using Secure Sockets Layer.

Firewall (77)

which can be hardware or software, can examine network communications and then directly block or warn the user about those communications that do not meet a set of predetermined rules.

Display area (42)

which contains the webpage a web server requests

Offline (71)

working offline means that you are viewing previously loaded or saved webpages in the browser, but you are not connected to the internet.