Chapter 2 quiz sociology

What is a cultural universal?

A cultural trait that occurs in all cultures.

What is a counter-culture?

A group, which has values in opposition to the dominant culture

The tendency to use our own group's ways of doing things as the yardstick for judging others is called:

Ethnocentrism

Which of the following best describes cultural diffusion?

The spread of culture over a specific geographic area

An example of _____ is the custom of maintaining a nine-month school year in the U.S. even though this custom no longer matches the current technology

cultural lag

When we practice ______ we try to understand a culture on its own terms.

cultural relativism

Serving turkey for thanksgiving dinner is an example of a:

folkway

_________ are some ways that we can use our bodies to communicate without words

gestures

A form of non-material culture,____ allows one generation to pass significant experiences along to the next generation.

language

The Sapir-Wharf hypothesis is based on the belief that:

language is the basis of culture

Jewelry, art, and buildings are all examples

material culture

A person who rapes or steals has violated a

more

Teaching your child that lying is wrong, then lying to your boss is an example of:

real culture

People in all societies have fundamental orientations toward life that they take for granted; these essentially determine the type of people they are. Sociologists call these orientations:

the culture within us

Two examples of ______ are incest taboos and courtship customs

universal human activities