Chapter 2 Review Q's

. ________ reactions release energy.

Catabolic, exergonic, and decomposition

Which of the following is a functional group that is part of a building block of proteins?

amino

When an atom donates an electron to another atom, it becomes

an ion

The smallest unit of an element that still retains the distinctive behavior of that element is an ________.

atom

Uracil ________.

contains nitrogen, is a pyrimidine, is found in RNA

AB→A+B is a general notation for a(n) ________ reaction.

decomposition

In DNA, nucleotide bonding forms a compound with a characteristic shape known as a(n) ________.

double helix

What organic compound do brain cells primarily rely on for fuel?

glucose

A phospholipid ________.

has both polar and nonpolar regions

A pentose sugar is a part of the monomer used to build which type of macromolecule?

nucleic acids

Together, just four elements make up more than 95 percent of the body's mass. These include ________.

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

The energy stored in a foot of snow on a steep roof is ________.

potential energy

The characteristic that gives an element its distinctive properties is its number of ________.

protons (element identification aka atomic number)

The ability of an enzyme's active sites to bind only substrates of compatible shape and charge is known as ________.

specificity

Chewing a bite of bread mixes it with saliva and facilitates its chemical breakdown. This is most likely due to the fact that ________.

saliva contains enzymes

. Ty is three years old and as a result of a "stomach bug" has been vomiting for about 24 hours. His blood pH is 7.48. What does this mean?

slightly alkaline (basic)

Jenny mixes up a batch of pancake batter, then stirs in some chocolate chips. As she is waiting for the first few pancakes to cook, she notices the chocolate chips sinking to the bottom of the clear glass mixing bowl. The chocolate-chip batter is an example of a ________.

suspension (liquid mixture in which particles distributed in the liquid settle out over time)

The bonding of calcium, phosphorus, and other elements produces mineral crystals that are found in bone. This is an example of a(n) ________ reaction.

synthesis (anabolic reaction in which two or more atoms or molecules bond, resulting in the formation of a larger molecule)