Chapter 2: The Nature of Music
Which of the following describe a cadence?
- A point of energy moving forward - A point of release of tension - A point of rest
What does notation of music achieve for the art?
- Allow it to reach a wider audience - Allow it to be preserved for future generations
What are some of the reasons all cultures value music?
- As an expression of hopes and beliefs - For its power to create moods and feelings - As a means of communication
As an expressive language, music can ___.
- Be unique to a specific culture - Transcend cultural limits - Be misinterpreted from one culture to the next
The way a person creates music is ___ and is ___.
- By the selection of elements that are then organized -Affected by the culture of his time
What should you do to develop perceptive skills?
- Compare different styles and genres to music you already know - Describe what you hear in words - Learn why the music was created and what purpose or audience does it serve - Describe your reactions to music that you listen to
The term passive applies to which of the following listening situations?
- Hearing music in an elevator - Hearing music in the dentists waiting room - Listening to the radio while driving
What does active listening require?
- Intense focus - Personal involvement - Commitment and energy
Which of the following explain why music exists in all cultures?
- It is great entertainment - It can be an emotional healing force - It is a powerful method of communication - It id a powerful emotional stimulant
The beginning music student can study which musical elements in order to become a more perceptive listener?
- Learn to recognize the timbres of the instruments and voices - The range and motion of the pitches and how they are combined in melody and harmony - The duration, organization and tempo of rhythmic pulses - The use of dynamic changes
Which of the following descriptions define a texture?
- Melody with accompaniment, like a song or hymn - A single melody sung by all voices or instruments as in Gregorian chant - One melody played or sung by all voices starting at different times
A musical composition (select all correct answers)
- Moves forward in time, like a movie - Might move forward to a clear conclusion with emotional drive and energy - Sometimes is static and seems suspended in time
What influences the evolution of music over time?
- New ways of creating sounds - Artistic seeking - Public tastes
The interaction of which elements results in music?
- Pitch - Tone quality -Dynamics - Duration
Understanding the concept of timbre is helpful in which of the following situations?
- Recognizing the unique style of a performer - Distinguishing male from female voices - Determining the classification of various instruments
What are examples of white noises?
- Static on the radio - The crashing of the ocean surf
Cohesion and unity in a piece of music is created by ___.
- Symmetrical rhythmic patterns - Repetition of musical ideas
Select the correct designation descriptions for the form a b a c.
- The b and c are different, contrasting themes - The a represents the main theme
What are the music-related areas studied by acoustical engineers and scientists?
- The physical principles of sound - Acoustical design of concert halls and recording studios - Principles of musical instrument construction
The physical characteristics of music are the concern of ___.
- The science of acoustics - Mathematics - Engineering and physics
Listen to the audio clip. The drums provide a very strong rhythmic basis for this piece that is ___.
Duple meter but very complex
True or false: A symphony orchestra will always be louder than a string quartet.
False
Listen to the audio clip. What would you say is the primary role of the drums in jazz?
Keep time
The 8-bar phrase, the 12-bar blues and 32-bar chorus are examples of ___.
Measures organized into phrases.
Match the rhythmic concept on the left with the correct definition on the right.
Metric - Organization of rhythmic pulses into groups of two or three beats Non-metric - A weak pulse, irregular pulse or no pulse at all Mixed meter - A clear pulse with strong beats occurring in various patterns
Phrases in music function much the same way as phrases in ___.
Literature and poetry
The change from one key to another in the course of a single piece or movement is called ___.
Modulation
Listen to the audio clip. This piece opens with a bamboo flute playing a melody made up of two simple ___.
Motives
Responses to music can cross cultural boundaries.
True
True or False: Sound can be defined as anything that is audible.
True
Carter's song "The Banks of Ohio" tells a story in a traditional folk form known as a ___.
Narrative ballad
True or false: When improvising in a live performance, the musician and the audience hear the music for the first time.
True
The element of music most listeners respond to immediately is a strong rhythmic ___.
Pulse
Listen to the audio clip. The form of this second movement from Haydn's String Quartet, opt. 33, no. 2 is a fast, dance inspired form known as a ___.
Scherzo
Composers create a written version of a piece of music called a ___, which performers use to make the actual music.
Score
The section of a popular song that repeats both the melody and the lyrics is called ___.
The chorus or refrain
Listen to the audio clip. After the melody is stated, what happens?
The melody is repeated throughout the piece with embellishments.
Which of the following are examples of syncopated rhythmic patterns? UPPER CASE words represents accented beats.
- one, TWO, three - one, TWO, three, FOUR - one AND two AND three AND four
A simple melodic idea or rhythmic figure that is used to develop a musical idea or even an entire piece of music is called ___.
A motive
What is "acoustics"?
A science of sound
Melodies are derived from organized groups of pitches known as scales, which help create cohesion and form as well as establish ___.
A tonal center
Pitch, duration, loudness and tone quality are the qualities of ___.
All sounds
Performing a piece of music requires ___ of the composers notation.
An interpretation
The difference between an open and closed cadence is that ___.
An open cadence wants to move on, a closed cadence feels like and ending.
Consonance in music refers to intervals and chords that ___.
Are restful and create comfortable feelings
To create a piece of music, a composer ___.
Chooses the sounds and organizes them.
What is the movement from one chord to another called?
Chord progression
For the listener, the repetition of themes in a musical work makes it ___.
Comfortable and easier to understand
What is the term that describes sounds that are often harsh, unsettling and require a movement to a more stable sound?
Dissonance
Organize the uses of music below.
Entertainment: Dancing, Social events, concerts Ceremonies and rituals: State affairs, religious functions Mental health: Music therapy, relaxation
What is the element of music that deals with chords, which are vertical structures of notes that sound simultaneously?
Harmony
Notation ___.
Is interpreted by the performer to make music
Music is considered an art form because ___.
Musical traditions are preserved and remembered within any given culture.
A series of symbols that represent various sounds and musical effects is called a system of ___.
Notation
In music a specific, single tone is called a ___.
Pitch
Music is made up of sounds and ___.
Silence
The duration of the musical events in a musical work are determined by a rate of speed known as ___.
Tempo
The use of which technique creates forward motion in music and creates a dramatic emotional journey for the listener?
Tension and release
In music the term texture is used to describe ___.
The density of sound in terms of the number of lines of music heard together
An important element in musical composition is ___.
The use of silence for dramatic effect
The section of a popular song that maintains the same melody but changes the lyrics is called ___.
The verse
A person trained in the therapeutic use of music is called a music ___.
Therapist
Another word for tone quality is ___.
Timbre