Chapter 20

Harding's 1920 campaign for presidency revolved around what saying?

"Return to Normalcy"

Because Franklin D. Roosevelt was not himself a deep thinker, he formed a _____________ to help him shape policy.

"brain trust"

Know why Americans were fascinated by politics during the Gilded Age.

-More leisure time= politics become entertainment -Depression caused stronger impulse towards reform

Know the Republican Party's platform in the post-Civil War period.

Pursued policies for the nation as a whole-govt was an instrument to promote moral progress and material wealth

_____________ are the payment of money for war damages.

Reparations

Hoover was a member of what political party?

Republican

The _____________________ raised the tax rates on annual income of more than $50,000 during the Second New Deal.

Revenue Act of 1935

The Treaty of Portsmouth resulted from American Intervention in the

Russo-Japanese War

Name the president who entered the White House after the fraudulent election of 1876.

Rutherford B. Hayes

in the 1890's, anti-imperialist included

Samuel Gompers, Andrew Carnegie, and William James

The _______ Trial is a classic example of modernism versus fundamentalism

Scopes

The increasingly bold discussion about sex that occurred during the 1920s were a result of the writings of

Sigmund Freud

The biggest scandal of the Harding administration involved the

Teapot Dome

Which of the following was not part of the mass culture craze of the 1920's

Televisions

During the Progressive Era, what was the most popular form of reform?

Temperance

According to your textbook, the most scandalous event in the history of American art occured at

The Armory Show in 1913

Which of the following statement's regarding President Wilson's Fourteen Points is incorrect?

The Fourteen Points called for racial equality

The Twenty-First Amendment, passed in 1933 allowed

Americans to drink alcohol again

The latest evidence suggests the sinking of the Main was caused by

An accidental explosion and fire on the ship

Josiah Strong and John Fiske justified American imperialism by stressing

Anglo Saxon Superiority

What two items led to a major change during the 1920s in how Americans spent their leisure time?

Automobiles, rising incomes

With the signing of the Treaty of ________ Russia ended its involvement in the Great War

Brest- Litovsk

Know a factor of the Panic of 1893.

Business investment dropped sharply in the railroad and construction industrues

When President Harding died, he was replaced

Calvin Coolidge

"Yellow Journalism" was the term applied to the popular newspapers that

Carried sensational stories about events in Cuba

Identify a consequence of the case of United States v. E. C. Knight.

Crippled the Sherman Antitrust Act

The African American's first literary and artistic movement is known as

The Harlem Renaissance

The fresh but untried American soldiers sent to aid the British and French during the Great War were nicknamed

Doughboys

Which statement regarding economists interpretations of the causes of the Great Depression is most accurate

Economists to this day debate the various factors that caused the Great Depression

What helped drive the consumer culture of the 1920s?

Effective marketing tactics

The increasingly bold discussions about sex that occurred during the 1920's were a result of the writings of

F. Scott Fitzgerald

The so called Arabic Pledge involved Wilson's stand to stop North Africa's fall into chaos during the war

Fals

Calvin Coolidge was notorious for his love of whiskey, poker, and women

False

Herbert Hoover refused to involve the government in efforts to relieve the effects of economic depression

False

Jazz music inspired rural youth to remember their culture's musical roots

False

T/F: Hemingway published his first novel, The Sun Also Rises, in 1922.

False

T/F: John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath told of Wall Street businessmen brought to their knees after Black Tuesday.

False

T/F: Progressives generally believed government should not interfere with big business.

False

T/F: The CCC addressed the problem of overcharging by doctors and others in the medical and health professions.

False

T/F: The NAACP favored militant protests over legal challenges as a way to end racial discrimination.

False

T/F: Women in "war work" were usually unable to keep their jobs after the war.

False

The Bonus Expeditionary Force was organized to secure the United States Mexico Border

False

Warren G. Harding was shot by the assassin Charles Guiteau

False

Fear of foreign terrorists and radicalism led to the ___________ at the end of the 1910s.

First Red Scare

In an attempt to lower the risk of war, the United States was party to the _____ who signed the document

Five- Power Treaty

How long did the conflict known as the Great War last?

From 1914 to 1918

Although publicly President Wilson urged Americans to remain neutral regarding the Great War, he personally favored

Great Britain and France

___________ and ____________ wanted Germany to pay for the entire financial cost of the war.

Great Britain, France

Thanks to the __________, African Americans saw greater acceptance and political rights during the 1920s in the North.

Great Migration

The movement of more than 400,000 southern blacks to northern cities during the war and through the 1920s was known as the

Great Migration

Name the President of the US during the Depression of 1893.

Grover Cleveland

In 1937, President Roosevelt tried to add six new justices to the Supreme Court. Why?

He wanted to change the courts makeup to aid his policies

Wilson offended many in Congress when he did not choose __________ to accompany him to the peace negotiations

Henry Cabot Lodge

When Coolidge chose not to run for a second term of his own, the Republicans nominated

Herbert Hoover

Individuals labeled Mugwumps were best associated with which concept?

Honest government

Which of the following statements regarding the War Industries Board is incorrect?

I could force workers to work in specific factories

Know why President Cleveland broke the Pullman Strike.

It obstructed delivery of the mail

Fears of revolution were so widespread in post-war America that the U.S. attorney general created a government division to collect information on radicals headed by

J Edgar Hoover

Name the Populist candidate for president in 1892.

James B. Weaver

Which ethnic group was forbidden from immigrating to the United States by the immigration laws passed in the 1920s?

Japanese

In addition to the nickname "the Roaring Twenties," the 1920s have also been labeled the

Jazz Age

In his second presidential election in 1936, Democrat Franklin Roosevelt carried all the states of the Union except

Maine and Vermont

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was created to do what?

Make loans to struggling banks, life-insurance companies, and railroads

An early and major American Victory in the Spanish-American War occurred at

Manila Bay

Which of the following statements regarding married women during the Great Depression is correct?

Married women luckily always had employed husbands to take care of them

The Popular type of art appeared in the early 1920's was known as

Modernism

The group of journalists who drew attention to the abuses in society and published them in stories were known collectively as

Muckrakers

Name the case in which the Supreme Court upheld the right of the states to regulate commerce.

Munn v. Illinois

Much as the New Deal ignored African Americans, it also ignored

Native Americans

A person who opposed immigration in the 1920s because it would dilute what it "meant to be a American" would be subscribing to what type of viewpoint?

Nativism

Know the importance of the Republican-controlled Congress of 1890.

Passed a record number of significant (and expensive) laws

Identify an outcome of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.

Persuaded European nations to demonetize silver in favor of gold

The Platt Amendment

Placed restrictions on Cubans governments independence

Why was Warren G. Harding selected selected to represented the Republican party in the 1920 election?

The Republican Party could not agree on anyone else

Albert J. Beveridge, Harry Cabot Lodge, and Theodore Roosevelt agreed on

The benefits of obtaining overseas possessions

What best explains United States citizens' overwhelming support for Coolidge in 1924?

The economy was going great, so why change?

Which of the following statements regarding America in the immediate aftermath of the Great War is correct?

The peace did not bring stability to America

"Sewards Folly" involved

The purchase of Alaska

What ignited the progressive movement?

The worst economic downturn in U.S. history

The first "progressive" president was

Theodore Roosevelt

Big-Stick diplomacy refers to

Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy

How did radio and movies revolutionize the mass culture?

Through marketing and advertising, people were made aware of new products

Know the purpose of the first state railroad commissions.

To end the policies of rate discrimination and other harmful practices

Know the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Commission.

To investigate and oversee railroad activities.

As president, Warren G. Harding was actually more progressive than Woodrow Wilson in his attitudes and policies toward African Americans

True

By 1935 the NRA had become unpopular

True

FDR called the Social Security Act the most significant achievement of the New Deal

True

In the Spanish American War, more American armed forces personnel died from disease than in combat

True

T/F: Although Warren G. Harding presided over what can be argued as the most corrupt administration in American history, he was never personally linked to any official wrongdoing.

True

T/F: During the 1920s, the ideas of scientists about the nature of the universe inspired modernist artists to try new techniques.

True

T/F: In March 1917, German submarines sank five U.S. vessels in the North Atlantic

True

T/F: Many of the most prominent progressives endorsed Roosevelt's bid to be the first president representing a third party, the "Bull Moose" Progressive party.

True

T/F: The Roaring Twenties pitted a cosmopolitan urban America against the values of an insular, rural America.

True

The Hawaiian revolution was encouraged by American planters for economic reasons

True

The Teller Amendment denied interest in annexing Cuba

True

The United States built the Panama Canal on land that had previously belonged to Columbia.

True

The Wagner Act helped dramatically boost union membership

True

Under the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, the United States assumed the right to intervene in Latin America

True

The Big Four at the peace conference created all of the following independent countries except

Turkey

The _____________ voted to reject the Treaty of Versailles that President Wilson had worked so hard on

U.S. Senate

What book brought to light the abuses in the United States meatpacking industry in the early 20th century?

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle

Marcus Garvey called this man the "most dangerous enemy of the Negro race" because his beliefs

W.E.B. Du Bois

The construction of the Panama Canal

Was Controversial with the United States

Identify which group the Grandfather Clause waived for literacy requirements.

White males- if their father or grandfather voted before

The Spanish American War occurred during the presidency of

William McKinley

Theodore Roosevelt became president as a result of the death of

William McKinley

Which of the following statements regarding Woodrow Wilson's involvement in negotiating an end to the Great War is incorrect?

Wilson was very popular among Republican congressmen

Know the consequences of the Pullman Strike.

Working people resented Cleveland, hindered union growth

Wilson's Fourteen Points for post-Great War peace contained all of the following except

an increase in armaments

After the Armory Show, _________ became one of the nation's favorite topics of debate.

art

Henry Ford revolutionized the industrial process by perfecting the

assembly line process

Because Franklin D Roosevelt was not himself a deep thinker, he formed a __________ to help him shape policies

brain trust

In order to wage the Great War, the United States government did all of the following except

draft millions of young women

The purpose of the Works Progress Administration was to

employ out of work Americans

The purpose of the Works Progress Administration was to

employ out-of-work Americans

As president, Roosevelt contended that big business or trusts were an unnatural occurrence in the economy and that the federal government had the obligation to "bust" them down to a more natural size

false

In the period between the tim ehe left the White House and the election of 1912, Roosevelt drifted away from progressivism and became more and more conservative in his approach to national policy issues

false

Roosevelt and William Howard Taft had been long time rivals in the Republician Party before Taft became Roosevelt's vice president

false

Roosevelt blamed the Panic of 1907 on bankers and financiers and refused to cooperate with them in any efforts to revive the economy

false

Roosevelt opposed the Pure food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection act because they interfered with the laissez-faire rights of business

false

The Federal Reserve Act made individual bank fakers less likely but had life effect on the nation's basic circulating currency

false

in 1887, the United States bought Alaska from Britain for 7.2 Million

false

Women in the 1920s who rebelled against conventional dress, hairstyles, and what was considered to be "lady like were called

flappers

As a result of the Great Depression, the lives of American blacks often

got much worse

During the Great War, African American men fought

in racially segregated units

After World War I came to an end, the United States actively practiced ____________ in its relations with the rest of the world.

isolationism

During the Great War, Wilson's administration organized the sale of ________, which guaranteed a fixed rate of return to fund the war

liberty bonds

Intellectuals and artists who believed that the 20th century was the turning point in human development were known as

modernists

When the United States entered the Great War, American troops were most needed

on the Western Front

Whereas Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism plan wanted to ________ trusts, Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom plan wanted to _______ them.

regulate; eliminate

The Securities and Exchange Commission

required all stock brokers to be licensed.

The purpose of the Emergency Banking Relief Act was to

restore confidence in American Banks

President Hoover believed the best ways to help the needy during the Great Depression were ________

self reliance and voluntarism

The first large scale federal experiment with work relief was

the CWA

The groups behind the YWCA and YMCA created the programs because

they believed that Christianity had gotten too far from the lower economic classes.

As president, Woodrow Wilson succeeded in getting Congress to pass general lowering of the nations's tariffs rates

true

By offering to meditate a major coal strike, Roosevelt moved toward taking the federal government away from an antilabor stance toward a more natural approach

true

The Progressive Party of 1912 was nicknamed the "Bull Moose" party

true

The conservation movement was somewhat internally divided between naturalists who stressed the preservation of natural spaces and those who stressed managed exploitation of those resources

true

Theodore Roosevelt became the president as a result of the assassination of William McKinley

true

Woodrow Wilson's so-called New Freedom program called more effort to break up big business combinations than Roosevelt's New Nationalism did

true

To protect their companies from becoming union shops, owners often employed the __________ contract.

yellow dog

The First New Deal lasted from

1933 to 1935

Ratified in 1920, the __________ rewarded women who had worked so hard during the Great War with the right to vote

19th Amendment

How many men roughly did the United States lose in combat in the course of its involvement in the Great War?

50,000

The United States entered the war with Spain largely because of

A Public aroused by the yellow press

Which of the following was not a common reaction to the tribulations of the Great Depression

A massive increase in membership in the Communist Party

What was a Hoover blanket?

A newspaper

Which of the following groups had the highest rate of joblessness in the early years of the Great Depression

African Americans

President Roosevelt faced four major challenged when he first took office. They included all of the following except?

Aiding European governments abroad.