Chapter 21- Final Exam

What is the name of a nonpathological small sac that contains synovial fluid? A. bursa B.canaliculi C. ganglion D. osteocytes

Bursa

The action of pointing and putting a toe in the water to check the temperature would be an example of which movement? A. circumduction B. plantar flexion C. supination D. eversion

B. plantar flexion

Amputated limbs may be placed in which of the following for transport to pathology? A. cassette cover B. C-arm cover C. Mayo stand cover D. impervious stockinette

C. Mayo stand cover

The infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and supraspinatus muscles collectively comprise the: A. thoracic cage B. sternal notch C. rotator cuff D. pelvic girdle

C. Rotator cuff

Liston knife, Gigli saw, and Satterlee saw are examples of instruments used for which type of procedure? A. ACL repair B. arthroscopy C. amputation D. arthroplasty

C. amputation

Which of the following is NOT a bone of the pelvis? A. ilium B. ischium C. femur D. pubis

C. femur

Which component of an arthroscopy system is specific to orthopedics and differs from most laparoscopy/MIS systems? A. fiber-optic light source B. powered shaving system C. camera unit D. video monitor/screen

B. powered shaving system

The acromion process involved in the acromioclavicular joint is part of which of the following bones? A. humerus B. scapula C. sternum D. clavicle

B. scapula

Which type of cast is applied often to children and immobilizes unilateral or bilateral hips and femurs? A. cylinder B. spica C. short leg D. long leg

B. spica

What is the name of a small protuberance of a bone that is an attachment point for muscles or tendons? A. groove B. tubercle C. fossa D. condyle

B. tubercle

What is the term for the softening of bone in children that is commonly called rickets? A. osteoarthritis B. osteochondrosis C. osteomalacia D. osteomyelitis

C. osteomalacia

Which type of suture would be contraindicated for attaching tendon to bone? A. nylon (Nurolon) B. stainless steel C. polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) D. polyester (Ethibond)

C. polyglactin 910 (Vicryl)

Which joint is an example of a condyloid joint? A. femoroacetabular B. acromioclavicular C. temporomandibular D. patellofemoral

C. temporomandibular

Which mineral is stored in the bones and constantly being removed to maintain necessary blood levels?

Calcium

Surgical repair for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Putti-Platt B. Colles' C. Bankart D. Bristow

Colles'

The elbow is categorized as which type of joint? A. coxarthrosis B. amphiarthrosis C. diarthrosis D. synarthrosis

Diarthrosis

What should the surgical technologist do while the surgeon is using the oscillating saw during open acromioplasty? A. Blot any bleeding bone surfaces carefully with sponge stick. B. Suction smoke from operative site created by heated tissues. C. collect bone chips in wound carefully with cupped tissue forceps. D. Drip small amounts of irrigation onto blade to prevent overheating.

Drip small amounts of irrigation onto blade to prevent overheating

Which type of fracture is characterized as partial and may result from activities such as jumping or jogging? A. comminuted B. avulsion C. oblique D. greenstick

Greenstick

Which portion of the femur articulates with the acetabulum? A. greater trochanter B. neck C. head D. lesser trochanter

Head

Which of the following diagnostic procedures does NOT use ionizing radiation? A. CT scan B. MRI scan C. arthrography D. bone scan

MRI

Care must be taken during skin prepping for gangrenous lower extremities prior to amputation to prevent inadvertent dislodging of toes. TRUE FALSE

True

Double gloving should be done as a routine in orthopedic cases due to exposure to various sharp instruments and potentially jagged bones. TRUE FALSE

True

Implantable devices made of different alloys can cause breakdown of the device and may cause wound infection. TRUE FALSE

True

Where is the area of active bone growth? A. diaphysis B. epiphyseal plate C. medullary canal D. cortex

epiphyseal plate

Which joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint A. temporomandibular B. atlantoaxial C. patellofemoral D. femoroacetabular

femoroacetabular

Which of the following is a long bone that is the largest in the human body?

femur

How many stages are involved in normal osteogenesis? three two eight five

five

The term C-arm refers to a(n): A. fluoroscopic machine B. casting technique C. extremity deformity D. OR table positioning device

fluoroscopy machine

Which positioning device will be used for ORIF of intertrochanteric femoral fracture? A. Andrews table B. Wilson frame C. fracture table D. vacuum beanbag

fracture table

Which condition is commonly known as "bowlegged"? A. genu varum B. tallipes varus C. hallus valgus D. coxa valga

genu varum

Cannulated screws and nails are designed to follow the path created by a: A. depth gauge B. reamer C. guide pin D. pilot drill

guide pins

Which of the following is the longest bone in the upper extremity? A. humerus B. ulna C. radius D. femur

humerus

Which instrument is used to remove marrow from the canal of long bones for placement of prostheses? A. Gigli saw B. Brun curette C. suction brush attachment D. intramedullary reamer

intramedullary reamer

What is the term for small, loose bodies in the knee that are constant irritants and may cause excess synovial production, pain, and locking up? A. genu valgum B. joint mice C. ganglion cysts D. bunions

joint mice

In which joint would a bucket handle tear be found

knee

A Bankart avulsion lesion involves which anatomical structure(s)? A. acromioclavicular (bone spur) B. bicipital groove (tendon) C. rotator cuff (muscles) D. labrum (cartilage)

labrum (cartilage)

What should the surgical technologist have ready to clean bone or tissue from a rongeur A. Freer elevator B. antibiotic irrigation C. lap sponges D. pulse lavage

lap sponges

Patients in which age group are MOST commonly candidates for total hip arthroplasty?

over 65 years old

Which of the following means a partial separation or dislocation of a joint without any break in the skin? A. complex B. subluxation C. greenstick D. luxation

subluxation

The connections between the large bones of the skull are categorized as which type of joint? A. synarthrosis B. amphiarthrosis C. coxarthrosis D. diarthrosis

synarthrosis

Which bone of the lower extremity is commonly known as the shin bone?

tibia

What is the MOST common cause of bone fractures? A. poor nutrition B. trauma C. osteoporosis D. osteosarcoma

trauma

Which device is sometimes used for achieving and maintaining the lateral position? A. Andrews table B. beach chair positioner C. vacuum beanbag D. Wilson frame

vacuum beanbag

Which bone is the largest found in the foot and is commonly called the heel?

calcaneus

What is the medical term for spongy bone? A. cancellous B. cranial C. cuboid D. cortical

cancellous

Which of the following is a commonly used self-retaining retractor used in total hip arthroplasty procedures? A. Gelpi B. Adson-Beckman C. Charnley D. Weitlaner

charnley

Which bone is commonly referred to as the collarbone? A. humerus B. scapula C. clavicle D. sternum

clavicle

Which of the following is an acute, emergent condition of compression of neural and vascular structures, usually occurring in the upper and lower extremities following traumatic fractures? A. compartmental syndrome B. malunion C. avascular necrosis D. delayed union

compartmental syndrome

Which of the following is the hard, dense bone that surrounds the marrow cavity? A. cranial B. cancellous C. cuboid D. cortica

cortical

What is the purpose of the medial and lateral menisci of the knee? A. lubrication B. stability C. cushioning D. nutrition

cushioning

Which ligament of the knee keeps the femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia and prevents hyperextension of the knee? A. anterior cruciate B. posterior cruciate C. lateral collateral D. medial collateral

A. anterior cruciate

All of the following are examples of equipment used postoperatively on the patient for pain reduction or stimulation of healing factors EXCEPT: A. body exhaust suit B. electric stimulator C. CPM machine D. TNS unit

A. body exhaust suit

A common system for instrumentation for open reduction of hip fractures is DHS comma which stands for: A. dynamic hip screw B. definitive hip support C. derotational hip stabilizer D. dislocated hip surgery

A. dynamic hip screw

Whose instructions for cleaning, lubricating, and sterilizing powered orthopedic instrumentation must be followed? A. manufacturer B. facility policies C. AAMI D. OSHA

A. manufacturer

Rush, Ender, Russell-Taylor, Trigen, and Kuntscher are examples of flexible, standard, or titanium femoral: A. nails B. plates C. screws D. rods

A. nails

Which of the following would be increased on a serum analysis and indicative of a malignant neoplasm of bone marrow? A. overproduction of immunoglobulins B. human leukocyte antigen C. serum urate D. serum phosphorus

A. overproduction of immunoglobulins

Total knee arthroplasty implant are categorized in all of the following EXCEPT: A. quadricompartmental B. unicompartmental C. tricompartmental D. bicompartmental

A. quadricompartmental

What is the name of the deep, round fossa of the hip joint? A. trochanter B. acetabulum C. tuberosity D. acromium

Acetabulum

Which tendon is the thickest and strongest in the body

Achilles

Which orthopedic instrument has the appearance of a turkey foot or eagle's talon? A. Bennett retractor B. Lowman bone holder C. beaver knife handle D. Lambotte osteotome

B. Lowman bone holder

In which stage of normal bone healing is there bridging of the fracture site, and cartilage and immature bone provide support? A. inflammation B. callus formation C. cellular proliferation D. remodeling

B. callus formation

Surgeons may call both Bennett and Hohmann retractors by which other name because of their shapes? A. alligator B. cobra C. rat tooth D. duck bill

B. cobra

In adults, red bone marrow that produces red blood cells is mainly found in which type(s) of bone? A. irregular only B. flat and irregular C. long and short D. sesamoid only

B. flat and irregular

Which positioning device is frequently used for femoral nailing with leg traction and allows for placement of the C-arm? A. Andrews table B. fracture table C. Wilson frame D. vacuum beanbag

B. fracture table

Which of the following joints has the greatest range of motion? A. coracoclavicular B. glenohumeral C. sternoclavicular D. acromioclavicular

B. glenohumeral

The proximal end of the radius and C1 on C2 vertebrae are examples of which type of diarthrosis? A. saddle B. gliding C. hinge D. pivot

B. gliding

Hallus valgus is a condition in which there is a turning outward from the midline found in the: A. foot B. great toe C. wrist D. hip

B. great toe

Chondroma, giant cell, and osteoma are: A. congenital deformities B. malignant neoplasms C. structural osteocyte components D. benign neoplasms

D. benign neoplasms

What tissue does the acetabular reamer remove? A. fascia B. periosteum C. marrow D. cartilage

D. cartilage

What is a common surgical approach for Colles' fracture? A. arthroscopy B. open reduction internal fixation C. carpal tunnel release D. external fixation

D. external fixation

Which of the following factors related to bone growth and maintenance is responsible for mineral storage and utilization? A. heredity B. exercise C. nutrition D. hormonal

D. hormonal

Which medium is frequently used in arthroscopies where the ESU may be used for hemostasis? A. nitrous oxide B. carbon dioxide C. normal saline D. lactated Ringer's

D. lactated Ringer's

Which hormone stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone and increase reabsorption of calcium when serum levels are low? A. human growth B. follicle stimulating C. estrogen D. parathyroid

D. parathyroid

Axillary nerve injury or detachment of the deltoid from the acromion are: A. indications for Bankart repair B. normal outcomes of total shoulder repair C. treated conservatively with steroids and physical therapy D. serious post-op complications of open acromioplasty

D. serious post-op complications of open acromioplasty

What is the medical term for a bony prominence projecting from a bone, as in a bunion? A. exostosis B. arthrosis C. varum D. osteoclast

Exostosis

What is achieved by wrapping an extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of pneumatic tourniquet?

Exsanguinations

Arthroscopic procedures require only one small incision through which all the instruments are passed. TRUE FALSE

FALSE

Which agency requires the documentation and tracking of implantable orthopedic devices? A. CDC B. EPA C. AAMI D. FDA

FDA

There are limited choices of total joint systems available, making standardization routine and uncomplicated. TRUE FALSE

False

All of the following are indications for total shoulder arthroplasty EXCEPT: A. moderate impingement syndrome B. chronic arthritis pain C. humeral shaft fracture D. osteonecrosis of humeral head

Moderate impingement syndrome

Which method of reducing a fracture carries the highest potential for surgical site infection? A. external fixator application for Colles' fracture B. percutaneous pinning of simple fracture C. closed with cast application for greenstick fracture D. open reduction, internal fixation for compound comminuted fracture

Open reduction, internal fixation for compound comminuted fracture

What is a serious bone infection that may result from a compound fracture and become chronic later? A. osteomyelitis B. osteoclasts C. osteophytes D. osteoarthritis

Osteomyelitis

What type of bone is the patella?

Sesamoid

All of the following are examples of devices used to anchor both ends of the ACL graft EXCEPT: A. bioabsorbable screws B.staples C.Steinman pins D. bone screws with spiked washers

Steinman pins

Which medical term means moving a body part away from the midline A. flexion B. supination C. abduction D. adduction

abduction

Patients diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome would likely undergo: A. open reduction, internal fixation B. external fixation C. acromioplasty D. total shoulder arthroplasty

acromioplasty

Which of the following describes the appearance of a stellate bone fracture? A. transverse ( ~ ) B. back slash ( / ) C. asterisk ( * ) D. spiral ( S )

asterisk (*)

Patellar tendon, iliotibial band, and semitendinosus tendon are examples of: A. radiographic landmarks for knee x-ray studies B. insertion sites for arthroscopic instrumentation C. connections for hip movement D. autografts for ACL repair

autografts for ACL repair

Which instrument is used frequently in arthroscopies to examine and manipulate internal structures? A. spinal needle B. blunt probe C. powered shaver D. trocar cannula

blunt probe

What is polymethyl methycrylate?

bone cement

Aken, Chevron, McKeever, Keller, and McBride are techniques for which lower extremity procedure? A. triple arthrodesis B. bunionectomy C. below knee amputation (BKA) D. above knee amputation (AKA)

bunionectomy

Which of the following statements regarding generally safe continuous tourniquet inflation time is CORRECT? A.both upper and lower extremity = 1 hour B. lower extremity = 1 hour; upper extremity = 1 1/2 hours C. both upper and lower extremity = 1 1/2 hours D. lower extremity = 1 1/2 hours; upper extremity = 1 hour

lower extremity = 1 1/2 hours; upper extremity = 1 hour

What is the outside covering of bones that provides some nourishment and protection from infection? A. enosteum B. articular cartilage C. synovial membrane D. periosteum

periosteum

Which piece of equipment is NOT attached to the arthroscope? A. powered shaver B. camera head C. inflow and outflow tubing D. light cord

powered shaver

In which anatomical structure is the patella contained A. patellar tendon B. quadriceps tendon C. posterior cruciate ligament D. anterior cruciate ligament

quadriceps tendon

Which bone is involved in a Colles' fracture? A. radius B. humerus C. scapula D. ulna

radius

Which of the following demonstrates the correct order of steps for femoral canal preparation during total hip arthroplasty? A. pulse lavage, reamer, implant trial, rasp B. implant trial, rasp, reamer, pulse lavage C. rasp, implant trial, pulse lavage, reamer D. reamer, rasp, pulse lavage, implant trial

reamer, rasp, pulse lavage, implant trial

Which of the following pathologies is related to a specific autoimmune process that attacks the joints in the body? A. arthralgia B. rheumatoid arthritis C. osteoarthritis D. derangement

rheumatoid arthritis

Carpal and tarsal bones are classified as which type of bone? A. short B. long C. flat D. irregular

short

Which additional PPE is frequently worn by sterile team members during total joint procedures to prevent possible SSI? A. impervious apron under gown B. space suit or body exhaust suits C. high-efficiency particulate air masks D. additional sterile sleeves

space suit or body exhaust suits