Chapter 22 and 23:long distance trade and travel
What did the Europeans build up in there recovery?
Armies
What was some new technology created?
Astrolabe,cross staff,back staff,sextant
Why were Sufi missionaries met with less resistance?
B/c most of the people were merchants
How did Leonardo write?
Backwards and left handed
Christopher Columbus
Bahamas,Spain
Why did Christopher Columbus call the people he saw Indians?
Because he though he was in the East Indies/Indonesia
What taxes did the Italians have?
Bonds
Who captured Joan of arc?
Burd. then they gave her to England
What was shared between the old world to the New World?
Horses pigs cattle sheep goats and chickens smallpox also wheat vines trade of humans and the spread of Christianity
Who is Marco Polo like in the Muslim world?
Ibn battuta
Who were Christopher Columbus sailors?
Jews
Who is a famous Christian missionary person?
John of montecorvino
Who did Marco Polo work for?
The Mongols the khublai khan empire
What did the arabs/Muslims persevere?
The east side of Europe
What did Mongols and Christians recognize Muslims as?
The enemy
What did people stay in along the silk road?
yurts
Renaissance=
Rebirth
When was the 100 year war?
1337-1453
When was the Italian renaissance?
1350-1500
Xanghe
1421 Chinese version of Christopher Columbus(explorer)
When did Chinese exploration end and what effect did it cause?
1422-isolation from other empires,trading was made limited and
When was exploration?
1492-1700
What was the high point of the renaissance?
1500
When did Spain and Portugal explore?
1500
When was the northern renaissance?
1500-1600
When did dutch,English,French and Russian explore?
1600-1700
When does Marco Polo return to Venice?
17 years after leaving
What was the 100 year war?
A war between England and France;king dies without air
Prince Henry
African;Portuguese
What was the the renaissance a rebirth of?
Classical culture
What did the Ming turn their money back to?
Coins(gold and silver)
What did Ming bring back?
Confucian education system,exam system(Han dynasty),Chinese culture
Who is Desiderius Erasmus ?
Critical of church,published New Testament in Latin
Why was Leonardo considered the universal/renaissance man?
Dabbled in many different fields
De gama
Didn't make it to India ; Portuguese
What was required in trade after 1000 CE?
Diplomatic relations
What was architecture like in the renaissance?
Domed cathedrals
What was going on in Spain?
Reconquista of land that was originally not theirs;gave Muslims and Jews three options die,fight or leave.
Universal man=
Renaissance man
Who tried to take over city-states?
Rich people/merchants
What was the de Medici family?
Ruling family in the renaissance
Where did the bubonic plaque come from?
SW china
What taxes did France have?
Salt tax,sales tax
Who is Raphael?
School of Athens included Socrates,Aristotle and friends
What taxes did England have?
Hearth(chimney)tax, head tax(kids) and plow tax
Yongol
High point
Original Han Chinese=
Higher Chinese
When were the crusades?
1194-1200
What was some new weaponry that came out of the 100 year war?
Cannons,and long bow
What was the new ship that was used and how was it different?
Caravel;great sail triangle and rectangular;deeper bottom
Mongols campaign spread disease to
Central china
China=
Centralized(Ming)empire
Code of chivalry=
Change to how boys/men should act
Who kicks the English out of France?
Charles VII
What was Portugal interested in?
China and India
What was the power struggle?
Church loses power,kings gain power
What were some main crops?
Citrus fruits,Asian rice(Western Africa),cotton(Muslims-Africa)
What was Europes political structure?
City states/regional states
Donatello?
First bronze David
Who was the bubonic plaque spread?
Fleas on rodents
What city did the renaissance start in?
Florence a city state
What was the deal with Christian missionaries?
Followed crusades,Roman catholic priest travel east to serve communities,translate biblical texts and build churches
Beijing~
Forbidden city
Scholar=
Gentry
What are the orders of the 3 g's?
Gold,glory,god
Where did the renaissance get their inspiration?
Greek and Roman artist
What did the growth of plantations bring to Europeans?
Growing population of slaves
China-
Gunpowder
Europeans-
Guns
What new technology was there?
Guns,gunpowder
Cook
Hawaii(Polynesian islands),England (brutal known for cutting of hands)
What happens to Marco Polo after he gets back from China?
He is sent to prison during a Civil War
Who did Marco polo travel with and where did they go?
He traveled with his father and uncle to China
Who is French Louis XI?
He was a guy who had an army of 15,000
Albuquerque
India and GAO ;Portuguese
Who is Ibn Battuta?
Islamic scholar strict when it comes to sharia law hard to convince my malaive woman to cover up
What did the marriage of Fernando of Aragon married Isabel of Castile do?
It was a major political and economic alliance
Who is patrarch?
Italian poet/father of humanism(influenced Dante)
Cotton=
King crop
What was the effect of the plaque?
Labor shortage people were demanding a higher wage
What was the economic recovery?
Labor to repair and rebuild irrigation systems and roads,promotion of manufacturing of silk and porcelain(vase)
What are Leonardo's paintings?
Last supper and Mona Lisa
Who was an important person during the renaissance?
Leonardo da Vinci
What did Albuquerque create?
Licenses
Who are the humanist?
Literature,history,moral philosophy,devoted to Christianity
What was before the renaissance?
Middle Ages
What happened after the yuAn dynasty?
Ming dynasty
What is humanism?
Mix religion with normal life
Who was Cosmo de Medici?
Money giving/banking to the church she
What did Ming dynasty want to eradicate?
Mongol legacy
What happened to the working middle class(merchants)
Moving up,getting richer
What were some cultural exchanges?
Narrative stories,spread of science from Muslim&jews to Christianity(Europeans)
Who did the Mongols send to restore diplomatic relations with the Christians?
Nestorian pope but was not taken well
Christianity in china
Never very strong/Buddhism often interfered
Magellan
Pacific exploration;Portuguese/first person to go around the world
What are some characteristics of renaissance art?
Paintings,landscape,autobiography,individualism,line or point perspective
What was the deal with sugarcane?
Plantations(Muslims->Europeans)demand^
Fresco
Plaster
What was the northern renaissance like?
Portrait/common people/kings/detail/normal life
What other main reasons did Europeans explore?
Profit,missionary,and activity
Who is Joan of arc?
Rallies the French troops,but burnt as a witch
What was the Italian artist perspective?
Real life human anatomy
Who is Giovanni pico Della?
Reasons for gods existence
Who is Michelangelo?
Sistine chapel,sculpture of David,pieta in St.peters(marry holding Jesus)
Who funded Christopher Columbus?
Spain,Isabel and Fernando
What did trade help to do?
Spread technological innovations through out eastern hemisphere
What were mandarins like in the Ming dynasty?
Spy make sure people follow procedure
What were some missionary travelers?
Sufi-South east Asia,India,sub Saharan Africa
What was shared between the New World to the old world?
Syphillis,tomatoes mayonnaise potatoes beans peppers peanuts papayas guavas avocados pineapples Cacao tobacco and sugar
What was developed in European countries?
Taxes
What was the Ming dynasty known as?
The brilliant dynasty
What did Ming not like?
The foreign population
What was Spain interested in?
The new world
Why did the explorers originally start exploring?
To get spices
What were the important motives for long-distance traveling?
Trade and diplomacy and missionary
Why Italy?
Urban centers,merchant region,Florence,textiles,banking
Where is Christopher Columbus from?
Venice,Italy
Rhonoke
Was the first settlement
Mongols,merchants, and travelers also spread the disease
West
What did the monks preserve?
West Europe
Who is Machiavelli?
Worked under cosmo wrote letter to Lorenzo"the prince", do anything to get ahead