Chapter 22: Introduction to Seed Plants: Gymnosperms

How many pine needles make up this fascicle?

3

Conifers such as Taxus and Torreya produce ovules that are partially surrounded by a fleshy covering called a(n) ______ .

Blank 1: aril

With over 100 species, Pinus is the largest genus of ______ .

Blank 1: conifers or gymnosperms

Ephedra is the source for the drug called ______ , which is used for treatment of respiratory disorders.

Blank 1: ephedrine

The gymnosperm groups include the conifers, ginkgos, cycads and ______ .

Blank 1: gnetophytes or Gnetophyta

In the United States, the trunks of ______ pines are used for telephone poles, railroad ties, mine timbers, and pulp.

Blank 1: lodgepole

The fascicles of pines are considered short ______ with restricted growth.

Blank 1: shoots

Gnetophytes are unique among gymnosperms because they have ______ in the xylem.

Blank 1: vessels

Select all of the following conifer parts that Native Americans consumed.

Cambium Seeds Phloem

Which slow-growing tropical plant has the appearance of a cross between a tree fern and a palm tree but is unrelated to either?

Cycad

This photo depicts which plant group?

Cycads

Other than the conifers, which of the following are types of gymnosperms?

Cycads Gnetophytes Ginkgos

Which gymnosperm species is used to make a "Mormon tea"?

Ephedra

Most pines are naturally found north of the equator in coniferous forests, with an exception being the ______ pine.

Merkus

Despite the fact that only one species of Ginkgo remains today, the fossil record indicates Gingko was once widely distributed in the ______ Hemisphere.

Northern

Pines are the dominant trees of coniferous forests, which are found almost exclusively in the ______ Hemisphere.

Northern

The largest genus of conifers, with over 100 living species, is ______.

Pinus

Which of the following is not a historical use for Eastern white pine trunks?

Waterwheels

Taxus and Torreya are atypical conifers that do not produce woody seed cones; instead, they produce an ovule that is partially surrounded by a fleshy ______.

aril

Needlelike pine leaves are arranged in clusters called ______.

fascicles

Seeds are different from spores because they ______.

have a protective coat and their own food supply

Gingkoes are called "living fossils" because they are currently found ______.

only where they are grown in cultivation

Native Americans peeled back the bark of pines to get at the edible parts, which includes ______.

phloem and cambium

Seeds are a significant adaptation over spores because seeds

protect an embryo and may lay dormant for a long period of time.

Native Americans often ground pine seeds into a meal that was used for ______.

soups and bread

The three distinctive genera of the gnetophytes are unique among the other gymnosperms because ______.

their xylem has vessels