Chapter 26 AP Euro

Britain fought China in the early 1840s in order to

Force China to allow the importing of opium.

King Leopold

country- Belgium

British imperialist and prime minister of the Cape Colony who sought to impose British control over South Africa.

Cecil Rhodes

He argued that the strongest nations tend to be the best and that great nations acquire colonies.

Cecil Rhodes

The De Beers company was founded by

Cecil Rhodes.

Otto von Bismarck

Country- Germany

The only two African nations by 1914 that were not taken over as colonies during the "New Imperialism."

Ethiopia and Liberia

British rule in Egypt aimed at freeing Egyptian debt to create a market for British goods.

False

European missionary efforts were about as successful in Asia during the "New Imperialism" as they were in sub-Saharan (black) Africa.

False

The De Beers company was founded by Martin De Beers.

False

The great European scramble for possession of Africa occurred after 1900.

False

Between about 1800 and 1913, the value of world trade increased by about 8 times.

False (25x)

Site of an imperialistic showdown in the Sudan between Britain and France that nearly led to a war between the two countries

Fashoda

French education reformer who actively supported international "rules" for acquiring new colonies in Africa.

Ferry

American journalist who eventually helped Belgium to dominate the Congo in central Africa

H.M Stanley

The proposition that great nations acquire colonies was advocated by

Heinrich von Treischke

Critics of the "white man's burden" and of imperialism included

Henry Labouchere and Joseph Conrad

Throughout the nineteenth century, European population and emigration tended to

Increase

Crown jewel of the British Empire that became a powerful unified state with its English-speaking bureaucracy

India

North America Act of 1867

Is now a part of Canada's constitution, groups involved- British Parliament and Canada United all four Canadian provinces, gave them self government Reasons for the act: The provinces requested to become a single dominion with a Constitution similar in principle to that of the United Kingdom. Also, this was made so that Canada could be a mostly independent nation. Because Britain no longer wanted to play to defend Canada and London acted primarily in Britain's interest and Canada's.

Which was NOT true of British rule over India?

It appreciated and honored the fundamental human, though not social, equality between Indians and British.

Which was not true of British rule over India?

It appreciated and honored the fundamental human, though not social, equality between Indians and British.

Social Darwinism supported the acquisition of colonies because

It believed that races and nations were in competition to survive.

In the nineteenth century, migrants to Argentina and Brazil most likely came from

Italy!

Fierce critic of European imperialism who claimed its economic advantages were exaggerated

JA Hobson

Non-European country that was spectacularly successful in using Western methods to become an industrial and imperial power

Japan

The non-western country that successfully adopted the western industrial, imperial model was

Japan

The groups of east European migrants LEAST likely to return to Europe were

Jews

He was a journalist, explorer, and employee of Leopold II.

Stanley

Strategic waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean that prompted Britain to take control of Egypt in the 1880s

Suez Canal

Social Darwinism supported the acquisition of colonies because

it believed that races and nations were in competition to survive.

Between about 1800 and 1913, the value of world trade increased

Twenty-five times.

Western influence on Japan resulted in

a Westernized country that began to practice its own form of imperialism.

The most persuasive Western argument against European imperialism was that

it was unworthy of great nations.

The application of steam power to transportation affected the general economy in that it resulted in

lower prices for raw materials and manufactured goods.

At the 1898 "battle" of Omdurman,

modern British army massacred 11,000 Muslim African spearsmen.

The return of the migrant to his or her native land was

not uncommon

The return of the migrant to his or her native land was

not uncommon.

The Treaty of Nanking (1842) ended a war between Great Britain and China that had started over

opium smuggled into China from British India.

Boxer Rebellion

China open, Opium war Open door policy- Western nations into trade Wanted to get rid of all foreign influence Anti-Christian: killed missionaries and chinese people who converted Basically anti-foreign and Chinese Christians Foreign powers quelled rebellion 1887- French created Union of Indochina

Polish-born novelist who criticized the "pure selfishness" of Europeans in "civilizing" Africa.

Conrad

Site of a set of agreements that established rules for the major European powers to carve up Africa

Berlin Conference

The great European scramble for possession of Africa occurred

Between 1880 and 1900.

German Chancellor who sought to give Germany a bigger role in imperialism by organizing the Berlin Conference.

Bismarck

Bloody conflict that led to Britain taking control of the Cape Colony and other territories inland

Boer War

Britain finally gained control of South Africa as a result of the

Boer War

Descendants of Dutch colonizers who fought the British empire for control of South Africa

Boers/Afrikaners

The victor of the Fashoda incident in Africa was

Britain

British rule in Egypt

Provided a new model of imperialism, one based on force and self-serving morality.

The author of the imperialist poem, "The White Man's Burden", was

Rudyard Kipling

The Meiji Restoration was the turning point in the modernization of Japan in the late-19th century.

True

America and Australia devised laws to limit Asian immigration.

True

At the 1898 "battle" of Omdurman,

A modern British army massacred 11,000 African spearsmen.

A khedive is

A prince

With the Berlin Conference, European statesmen

Agreed on ground rules for colonization of Africa.

The largest number of Europeans went to

Argentina

Author of the poem, "White Man's Burden."

Kipling

He took the Sudan for the British with his victory at Omdurman.

Kitchener

King of Belgium who created his own colony in the Congo before it was taken from him due to cruelty and mismanagement

Leopold II

America and Australia devised laws to

Limit Asian immigration.

An irony of colonialism and imperialism was that

Many scholars argue that their costs exceeded the profit they yielded and Western liberal tradition provided a good argument against them.

A strong and independent Egyptian state was established by

Mohammed Ali

Term for the aggressive late-nineteenth/early-twentieth century expansion of European powers in Africa and Asia

New Imperialism

Site of a lopsided defeat of Sudanese Muslim soldiers due to Britain's use of the machine gun

Omdurman

The great 19th century turning point in Japanese development was

The Meiji restoration

The largest number of Europeans emigrated to

The United States

The huge modern gap between rich and poor areas of the world came about because of

The industrial revolution

The forced opening of Japan to western trade was the result of

The threat of war from the U.S.

The huge modern gap between the rich and poor areas of the world came about primarily because of the industrial revolution.

True

Modern term for less-developed countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America

Third World

Formal end to the Opium Wars through which Britain gained Hong Kong and increased its opium trade in China

Treaty of Nanking

A strong and virtually independent Egyptian state was established by Mohammad Ali.

True

Regarding Africa, King Leopold II of Belgium during the 1870s was most interested in securing the Congo basin for Belgium.

True

With the Berlin Conference, European statesmen

agreed on ground rules for colonization of Africa.

The great European scramble for possession of Africa occurred

between 1880-1900

An irony of colonialism and imperialism was that

both A and B; A) The western liberal tradition provided a good argument against him and B) Many scholars argue that their costs exceeded the profit they yielded.

Napoleon III

country- France

Kessler Willhound

country- Germany

Queen Victoria

country- Great Britain

The radical English economist J.S. Hobson argued in his book Imperialism that the motive for colonial imperialism was

economic

For the most part, the people who left Europe to settle elsewhere were

small landowners and village craftsmen.

It appears that the nineteenth-century British policy of free trade

successfully replaced mercantilism.

The great European migration of the nineteenth century was caused by all of the following EXCEPT

the desire of wealthy Europeans to emigrate and settle in non-European lands.

Reasons for British colonial expansion in the late 1870s and 1880s include all of the following EXCEPT

the desire to spread Christianity to Africa and Asia.

The forced opening of Japan to Western trade was the result of

the threat of war from the U.S.