Chapter 26- Soft Tissue Injuries

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient? Select one: A. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest B. Full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area C. Superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area

A. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest

_____ burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs. A. Full-thickness B. Superficial C. Partial-thickness D. Second-degree

A. Full-Thickness

An open neck injury may result in _____ if enough air is sucked into a blood vessel. Select one: A. an air embolism B. tracheal deviation C. hypovolemic shock D. subcutaneous emphysema

A. an air embolism

Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: Select one: A. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass. B. pediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia. C. most burns in children are the result of child abuse. D. pediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood.

A. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct? Select one: A. The dermis lies above the germinal layer and provides protection. B. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings. C. The dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin. D. The cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced.

B. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.

Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process? Select one: A. The blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection. B. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling. C. The veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound. D. White blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow.

B. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.

In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: Select one: A. an ischemic stroke. B. an air embolism. C. a spinal fracture. D. nerve fiber damage.

B. an air embolism

During the normal wound healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because: Select one: A. bacteria and other microorganisms invade the wound site and damage the capillaries, which makes them more prone to bleeding. B. new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries. C. histamines released by the immune system constrict the blood vessels, which increases the pressure within them. D. there is a substantial decrease in the number of platelets in and around the wound, which increases the risk of bleeding.

B. new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries.

As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should: Select one: A. assess his pulse for rate, regularity, and quality. B. open his airway and assess his breathing status. C. apply high-flow oxygen and assess his injuries. D. perform an immediate head-to-toe assessment.

B. open his airway and assess his breathing status

You respond to a house fire with the local fire department. They bring a 48-year-old woman out of the house. She is unconscious but her airway is open. Her breathing is shallow at 30 breaths/min. Her pulse is 110 beats/min, strong and regular. Her blood pressure is 108/72 mm Hg. She has been burned over 40% of her body. The burned area appears to be dry and leathery. It looks charred and has pieces of fabric embedded in the flesh. You know that this type of burn is considered a: Select one: A. first-degree burn. B. third-degree burn. C. partial-thickness burn. D. second-degree burn.

B. third-degree burn

During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a: Select one: A. handgun. B. shotgun. C. .357 magnum. D. .22-caliber pistol.

B.shotgun

A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA. Select one: A. 45% B. 27% C. 18% D. 36%

C. 18%

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? Select one: A. Subcutaneous layer B. Muscular layer C. Epidermis D. Dermis

C. Epidermis

During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is correct? Select one: A. The 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. B. You should contact the police and have the patients arrested. C. The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. D. The patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized.

C. The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection

A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: Select one: A. fully immobilize his spinal column. B. begin CPR and transport at once. C. begin CPR and apply the AED. D. assess for entry and exit wounds.

C. begin CPR and apply the AED

When a person is exposed to a cold environment: Select one: A. blood vessels dilate and divert blood to the core of the body. B. the skin becomes flushed secondary to peripheral vasodilation. C. peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin. D. sweat is produced and is warmed when the vessels constrict.

C. peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.

A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should: Select one: A. palpate his radial pulses. B. apply ice to the hematoma. C. perform a neurologic exam. D. administer high-flow oxygen.

D. Administer high-flow oxygen

Splinting an extremity even when there is no fracture can help to: Select one: A. reduce pain. B. minimize damage to an already-injured extremity. C. make it easier to move the patient. D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child? Select one: A. Partial-thickness burn that covers 10% of the BSA B. Superficial burn that covers 25% of the BSA C. Any burn that involves the arms, legs, or posterior part of the body D. Any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body

D. Any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body

A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound? Select one: A. Carefully replace the exposed bowel into the abdomen and transport. B. Irrigate it with sterile water and cover it with a dry dressing. C. Cover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position. D. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.

D. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? Select one: A. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total BSA. B. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total BSA. C. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the BSA. D. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.

D. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: Select one: A. epidermis. B. muscle fascia. C. fatty layer. D. dermal layer.

D. dermal layer

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: Select one: A. partial-thickness burn. B. second-degree burn. C. full-thickness burn. D. superficial burn.

D. superficial burn

The skin regulates temperature in a cold environment by: Select one: A. secreting sweat through sweat glands. B. constricting the blood vessels. C. dilating the blood vessels. D. increasing the amount of heat that is radiated from the body's surface.

b: constricting the blood vessels

A(n) _____ occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body for a long period of time.

crushing injury

_____ burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs.

full thickness

The skin covering the _____ is quite thick.

scalp