Chapter 29 Orthopedic injuries

A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the: A. distal radius B. distal ulna C. radius and ulna D. proximal radium

A. distal radius

When splinting a possible fracture of the foot, it is MOST important for the EMT to: A. leave the toes exposed B. observe for tissues swelling C. use a pillow as a splint D. apply a pneumatic splint

A. leave the toes exposed

A 77 year old woman slipped and fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. She denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that it is shortened and externally rotated. Distal pulses, sensory and motor functions are intact. You should: A. place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps. B. manually stabilize her left leg, apply a traction splint, and then secure her to a long backboard or scoop C. carefully slide a long backboard underneath her, keep her in a supine position, and apply a splint to her leg D. bind both of her legs together with triangular bandages and carefully secure her onto the ambulance stretcher

A. place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps.

You have applied a zippered air splint to a patient's left arm. During transport, the patient complains of increased numbness and tingling in his left hand. You reassess distal circulation and note that it remains present. Your MOST appropriate action should be to: A. remove the air splint and reimmobolize with padded board splints B. assess the amount of air in the splint and let air out as necessary C. elevate the injured arms and reassess distal sensory function D. inflate the splint with more air until the patient is comfortable

B. asses the amount of air in the splint and let air out as necessary

When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed: A. in an extended position B. in a functional position C. into a fist D. in a straight position

B. in a functional position

The primary purpose for splinting a musculoskeletal injury is to: A. maximize distal circulation B. prevent further injury C. facilitate ambulance transport D. make the patient comfortable

B. prevent further injury

The disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact is called a : A. strain B. sprain C. dislocation D. fracture

C. dislocation

A 17 year old football player collided with another player and has pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the midshaft clavicle. After assessing distal pulse, sensory and motor functions, you should: A. place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling B. perform a rapid secondary assessment C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe D. straighten his arm and apply a board splint

C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe

Atrophy is a condition that occurs when: A. the tendons that attach muscle to bone become stretched or injured B. carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other wastes accumulate in the muscle C. muscle decreases in size and function because of disease or trauma D. increased use of skeletal muscle causes an increase in its strength

C. muscle decreases in size and function of disease or trauma

A 45 year old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for: A. a thoracic spine fracture B. anterior hip dislocation C. fracture of the tibia or fibula D. posterior hip dislocation

D. posterior hip dislocation