Chapter 3
Cultural preferences vary across societies. Which of the following is an example of a cultural preference?
All of the answers are correct.
Students who return home after studying abroad and soldiers returning home from war often experience a kind of reverse culture shock, which reflects
All of the answers are correct.
Within the traditional Buddhist areas of Southeast Asia, which of the following is a folkway that reinforces patterns of male dominance?
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following is an example of a norm that is often not followed because of weak enforcement?
Both answers are correct.
Which of the following is true about the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?
It argues that language shapes what we see.
Which of the following best explains the role of a society?
It provides the context within which cultural relationships develop.
Which of the following is true about nonmaterial culture?
It refers to ways of using material objects. It includes customs and governments. -Both answers are true.
Formal norms enforced by the state are:
Laws
Language can be described as being "socially constructed" because it has no inherent meaning other than that assigned to it by humans.
True
The repeated finding by sociologists and anthropologists that there are no "cultural universals" is conclusive proof that cultures are the product of nurture rather than nature.
True
Which of the following would be an example of discovery?
Which of the following would be an example of discovery?
Which of the following is an example of nonverbal communication?
a high five a hug a frown -All of the answers are correct.
In surveys of first-year college students over the last 40 years, which value has shown the strongest gain in popularity?
being very well-off financially
Which of the following terms is NOT an example of the racial stereotypes transmitted by language?
black tie
The tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent what is normal or are superior to all others is called
ethnocentrism
In his research, George Murdock determined which of the following to be a cultural universal?
funeral ceremonies
Which of the following is true about the pace at which nonmaterial culture changes?
it is more resistant to change than material culture.
Which of the following would be an example of invention?
superconductors
Which of the following is an example of a norm that is often not followed because of weak enforcement?
teenage drinking of alcohol use of shady accounting techniques in business -Both answers are correct.
In some parts of the United States, horse breeding and/or racing is commonplace. People involved in these activities have developed different words to distinguish between breeds, sizes, and sexes of horses, and these words are not very familiar to people not involved in the "horse world." This is an example of
the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.
Which of the following best defines a society?
the structure of relationships within which culture is created and shared through regularized patterns of social interaction
The main difference between discovery and invention is that only invention involves the creation of something that did not exist before.
true
Collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable, and proper (or bad, undesirable, and improper) are known as
values
Which of the following examples illustrates the rapid globalization of culture?
Starbucks in China
Which of the following constitutes culture shock?
The feelings of disorientation, uncertainty, and even fear that are experienced when people encounter cultural practices different from their own.
Which of the following is true about folkways?
They are norms that govern everyday behavior.
Armed militia groups, such as the one that was involved in the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, are an example of
both a subculture and a counterculture.
English-speaking people in the United States commonly use words whose origins are from various African, Asian, and non-English-speaking European cultures. This is an example of
cultural diffusion.
Which of the following concepts employs the kind of value neutrality that Max Weber saw as so important?
cultural relativism
Common practices and beliefs shared by all societies are called
cultural universals.
The physical or technological aspects of our daily lives are called
material culture.
Which of the following is a method through which culture is diffused?
military conquest tourism the internet -All of the answers are correct.
Mores are:
norms that are deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society.
Innovation interests sociologists because it
often has continuing effects beyond the initial change
In the United States, professional gamblers, Armenian Americans, teenagers, and nudists are all examples of
subcultures.