Chapter 3 geography
11) In the Latin American city model, the elite residential sector contains the _________. a) commercial spine b) disamenity sector c) zone of maturity d) zone of in situ accretion e) zone of peripheral squatter settlements
a
13) The slums of South America's large cities are known as ____________. a) favelas or barrios b) tierra urbanas c) altiplanos d) llanos e) llamas
a
18) The South American country that contains the northern end of the Andes is ___________. a) Venezuela b) Colombia c) Panama d) Brazil e) Suriname
a
20) The country of Guyana _________________. a) was formerly a British colony before independence in 1966 b) is also called Suriname c) contains a population that is three-quarters European d) is the smallest of the four Guianas in population size e) still belongs to France
a
25) A moderating influence on the Altiplano's climate is _______________. a) Lake Titicaca b) the Atlantic Ocean c) the Pacific Ocean d) the Peru Current e) winds blowing across the Andes from the Amazon Basin
a
4) The control center of the Incan Empire was ____________. a) Cuzco b) Lima c) Mexico City d) Quito e) Buenos Aires
a
40) The birth rate in Brazil over the past decade has ______________. a) declined b) increased rapidly c) fallen behind the country's death rate d) increased slowly e) become South America's highest
a
41) The capital of Brazil is ____________. a) Brasília b) Rio de Janeiro c) São Paulo d) Salvador e) Brazil City
a
43) Brazil's Northeast __________________. a) was where Brazil's early plantation economy first developed b) produces most of the country's coffee crop c) is the site of Brazil's most spectacular recent surge of economic development d) contains the largest number of European settlers in the country e) remains mainly Amerindian country because most of the indigenous peoples have resettled here
a
47) São Paulo's wealth was built on its _______________. a) coffee plantations b) mineral wealth c) sugarcane plantations d) industrial soybean farms e) oil wealth
a
48) Brazil's highly successful social program called Bolsa Família____________. a) gives families small amounts of cash to keep their children in school b) is a "zero hunger" program c) seeks to reunite families that became separated during rural-urban migration d) encourages low birth rates e) requires participation in elections
a
8) Which of the following countries is NOT a member of the Mercosur/l trading bloc? a) Guyana b) Argentina c) Uruguay d) Paraguay e) Brazil
a
12) The disamenity sector of the Latin American city model includes ___________. a) peripheral squatter settlements b) slum areas known as barrios or favelas c) the central plaza d) the elite residential areas e) the CBD
b
14) The four emerging powers called the BRICs include all but which of the following? a) India b) Argentina c) China d) Russia e) Brazil
b
2) The part of South America where the dominant ethnic group is European is the ____. a) north b) south c) western mountains d) eastern coast e) central plains
b
22) Unlike Peru's coast, Ecuador's coastland consists of ______________. a) desert b) fertile tropical plains c) mountains that reach the sea d) indented bays with many excellent port facilities e) altiplanos covered by equatorial forest
b
28) Which of the following associations is incorrect? a) Santiago and Chile b) Montevideo and Paraguay c) La Paz and Bolivia d) Quito and Ecuador e) Lima and Peru
b
29) The Triple Frontier is located at the convergence of which three countries? a) Chile, Bolivia, and Argentina b) Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil c) Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia d) Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil e) Brazil, French Guiana, and Suriname
b
3) An altiplano is a(n) ____________. a) low area with small mountains b) high-elevation basin or valley c) agricultural area in Brazil d) plain in the Amazon Basin e) altitudinal zone lying above tierra firma
b
33) In 1982 Argentina fought a war with Britain over _______________. a) Tierra del Fuego b) the Falkland Islands c) the outcome of a controversial soccer match d) land claims in Antarctica e) their common maritime boundary in the mid-Atlantic
b
34) The leading agricultural activity of the Pampa region is the production of _____________. a) coffee b) cattle c) sugarcane d) tropical fruits and vegetables e) tobacco
b
36) Chile's copper deposits are located closest to which of the following areas: a) Santiago in Middle Chile b) the Atacama Desert c) Tierra del Fuego d) the Amazon Basin e) the border with Brazil
b
42) The most populous Brazilian State is ____________. a) Rio de Janeiro b) São Paulo c) Amazonas d) Minas Gerais e) the cerrado
b
7) Which South American country was most transformed by the forced in-migration of Africans in bondage? a) Argentina b) Brazil c) Colombia d) Peru e) Ecuador
b
10) Which of the following cities is NOT the largest urban center in its country? a) Buenos Aires b) Santiago c) Rio de Janeiro d) Montevideo e) Bogotá
c
15) Bogotá, Colombia's capital city, is located ______________. a) on the arid Pacific coast b) on the Caribbean Sea at the outlet of the Magdalena River c) in an Andean basin d) at the intersection of three valleys in the eastern savanna zone near the Brazilian border e) in the llanos
c
16) The dominant economic activity in Venezuela's Lake Maracaibo Lowland is ___________. a) large-scale cattle herding b) tourism c) oil production d) coffee farming e) cocaine refining
c
23) In Ecuador, a regional split has occurred between __________________. a) Quito and Lima b) the Guayas Lowland and Amazonia c) Guayaquil and Quito d) Quito and Cuzco e) the halves of the country bisected by the equator
c
26) Which of the following countries is landlocked? a) Uruguay b) Ecuador c) Paraguay d) Peru e) Suriname
c
27) Which of the following countries contains a population whose ethnicity is dominated by Amerindian ancestry? a) Argentina b) Brazil c) Paraguay d) Uruguay e) Chile
c
31) Most of Argentina's population is clustered in the _______________. a) Chilean border zone b) Patagonian North c) Pampa d) Andean foothills e) Triple Frontier area
c
32) Which of the following regions is not located in Argentina? a) Patagonia b) the Pampa c) the Cerrado d) Chaco e) Entre Rios
c
35) The best example of an elongated state in South America, and probably the world, is _________. a) Peru b) Brazil c) Chile d) Bolivia e) Uruguay
c
37) The desert in the north of Chile is the _______________. a) Pampa b) Patagonian Plateau c) Atacama d) cerrado e) llanos
c
38) Which of the following countries has the most compact territorial shape? a) Chile b) Argentina c) Uruguay d) Panama e) Peru
c
49) The cerrado is ________________. a) Brazil's coastal industrial zone b) the Triple Frontier's dominant ethnic group c) a booming zone of soybean production in Brazil's Central-West subregion d) the wealthiest sector of the "Latin" American city e) the expanding Amazonian area recently cleared of rainforests
c
5) In 1494 a treaty was signed that stipulated that a north-south boundary was to be drawn separating the South American territories of ____________________. a) Spain and Britain b) France and Britain c) Spain and Portugal d) the Netherlands and France e) the Inca and the Maya
c
50) A growth pole is ___________________. a) an established manufacturing center that dominates a substantial hinterland b) any large city in a national core area c) a location where a set of activities, given a start, will grow, setting off ripples of development in a surrounding area d) a location, now in decline, that served as a focal point for a developing region in the past e) a high-technology field instrument that precisely measures a locality's economic growth
c
51) Brazil's Polonoroeste Plan has called for settlement near the border with _____________. a) Venezuela b) Chile c) Bolivia d) Uruguay e) Ecuador
c
6) Which of the following is INCORRECT? a) The Spanish viceroyalties existed in isolation from one another. b) In the colonial period, Lima was one of the world's wealthiest cities. c) The Andes Mountains contributed to viceroyalty isolation. d) The Spanish invested significantly in their South American colonies. e) The Spanish formed vast haciendas through land alienation.
c
17) Venezuela and Colombia as compared with the Guianas have ____________. a) larger territories and smaller populations b) larger populations and smaller territories c) less varied physiographies d) been more successful in replacing the plantation economy e) fewer economic opportunities
d
19) The major river of Venezuela is the _______________. a) Rio de la Plata b) Paraguay c) Amazon d) Orinoco e) Magdalena
d
24) Which of the following countries does not have a common border with Bolivia? a) Argentina b) Chile c) Paraguay d) Colombia e) Brazil
d
30) Argentina's primate city is ______________. a) Montevideo b) Asunción c) La Paz d) Buenos Aires e) Cordoba
d
39) Which of the following statements is FALSE? a) Brazil is the largest country in South America. b) The Northeast is Brazil's poorest subregion. c) Russia, Canada, China, and the United States are all larger territorially than Brazil. d) Brazil's population is one of the fastest growing in the world. e) Brazil has an ethnically diverse population.
d
45) Rio de Janeiro is the center of Brazil's __________________. a) Federal Capital District b) most populous State c) largest metropolitan region d) cultural life e) largest Afro-Brazilian population cluster
d
1) Which of the following countries does NOT contain a portion of the Amazon Basin? a) Brazil b) Ecuador c) Peru d) Colombia e) Chile
e
21) The language of the Inca state, still spoken in parts of South America, is known as __________. a) altiplanoan b) Incanese c) lingua fria d) lingua franca e) Quechua
e
44) The dry inland back country in Brazil's Northeast is known as the _______________. a) Amazon Basin b) cerrado c) favela d) inner Northwest e) sertão
e
46) Brasília is a classic example of a ___________________. a) megacity b) primate city c) coastal urban complex d) growth pole e) forward capital
e
9) About ____ percent of South Americans current lives in urban areas. a) 20 b) 40 c) 50 d) 70 e) 80
e
54) The Spanish territories located closest to centers of viceroyalty power were the first to become independent from Spain during the 1800s. South America gained its independence from Spain.
f
59) Lake Maracaibo in Colombia is the focus of the oil industry in that country.
f
63) Lima, the capital of Peru, is located in one of the most populous basins of the Andes.
f
64) Iquitos is Bolivia's "Atlantic port."
f
65) Guayaquil is the capital of Ecuador.
f
66) Ecuador's population is mostly located in the mountainous part of the country.
f
68) Bolivia is not disadvantaged by being landlocked because it has good river connections to both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans.
f
69) Paraguay is South America's only landlocked country.
f
71) Argentina is the second-largest country in South America in both area and population.
f
73) About 90 percent of Chile's population is concentrated in the country's northern region around the city of Atacama.
f
74) Middle Chile is a rugged, fjorded region characterized by extreme aridity.
f
75) Uruguay's major farming region lies in the immediate hinterland of the capital, Santiago.
f
77) Only Russia is larger in territory than Brazil.
f
78) Unlike the Caribbean and North America, Brazil never had a major influx of Africans, so the black component in the population today is minuscule.
f
81) Brazil is a federal state; its largest States lie in the east and northeast.
f
86) Brasília may be called a core-area capital.
f
52) South America displays great variety in natural habitats due to its latitudinal extent.
t
53) The Incas were true colonizers who contributed much of their culture to the areas they occupied.
t
55) South America's population distribution is mostly close to the continents' coast.
t
56) Brazil contains the largest Japanese community outside Japan.
t
57) The slums and poorest neighborhoods in the "Latin" American city model occupy the outer urban ring as well as the least desirable sectors leading away from city center.
t
58) The Zone of Maturity in the "Latin" American city model contains the best housing outside the spine. Answer: True
t
60) Guyana and Suriname have substantial South Asian Indian population sectors.
t
61) After independence in 1975, many people in Suriname emigrated to the Netherlands.
t
62) Lima, the capital of Peru, is a city that was not taken over from indigenous peoples but was founded by the Spanish.
t
67) As in the Netherlands, Bolivia's capital city functions are divided between two administrative headquarters.
t
70) Paraguay is the most Amerindianized country in South America.
t
72) Argentina's Pampa subregion contains the vast majority of the country's population.
t
76) Brazil has common borders with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador.
t
79) Brazil is the South American country that exhibits the widest income gap.
t
80) Brazil's rate of population increase has slowed considerably over the past 25 years.
t
82) The sertão is located in Brazil's Northeast.t
t
83) Belo Horizonte is a major metallurgical center in Brazil's Southeast.
t
84) Brazil exports large quantities of coffee, orange juice concentrate, and soybeans.
t
85) The South is Brazil's most "European" region, where European languages other than Portuguese still remain in use.
t
87) Brazil's cerrado is one of the world's most promising areas of agricultural development.
t
88) A growth pole is a location where a set of activities, given a start, will expand and generate widening ripples of development in the surrounding area.
t
