Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities

A client arrives at a health care facility complaining of pain in the abdomen and diarrhea. The physician diagnoses the client with colitis, an acute illness. Why is colitis considered an acute illness?

The onset is sudden

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?

Monitoring airway clearance

A teenaged client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health?

Emotional Dimension

The nurse should identify the need for further teaching when the client with diabetes who is taking daily insulin and follows a strict diet makes which statement?

"I cannot possibly ever be considered as healthy"

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

- Culture - Community - Family - Society

A nurse is interviewing a family. During the interview, the nurse gathers information about the family's environmental dimension. Which element would the nurse include in this assessment? Select all that apply.

- Housing situation - Local climate

A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:

Agent

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

Which is the most accurate definition of health?

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

Which definition of health is the best?

Health is a state of complete well-being

A client comes to the health center for a routine visit. During the visit, the client tells the nurse, "I'm motivated to do things now to make sure I'm the healthiest I can be." When planning this client's care, the nurse should focus on which area?

Health promotion

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?

Health promotion

Which nursing activity reflects secondary prevention?

Making a referral for a mammogram

The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which dimension is the nurse referring to?

Physical Dimension

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered:

Self concept

Which lifestyle factor is associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases?

Smoking

Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?

Sociocultural needs

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?

Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

Which definition best describes acute illness?

The rapid onset of symptoms lasting a relatively short time

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?

rehabilitation

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

Help them maintain independence

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

High-level wellness

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Primary

What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply.

- Maintaining an ideal body weight - Sleeping 7-8 hours each night - Eating regular healthy meals

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?

Environmental risk factor

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?

Exacerbation

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

The body's attempt to restore balance through self-regulatory mechanisms is termed:

Homeostasis