chapter 3 learning exercises

pubis

__ bone is located just below the urinary bladder

kyphosis

abnormal curvature of the spine

lordosis

abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine

chondromalacia

abnormal softening of the cartilage in these joints

crainomalacia

abnormal softening of the skull

osteomalacia

adult rickets, abnormal softening of bones in adults

osteoarthropathy

any disease involving the bones and joints

rheumatoid

arthritis; skin rash, fever, slowed growth, fatigue, and swelling in the joints

myeloma

type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in the red bone marrow

manubrium

upper portion of the sternum

spondyl/o

vertebrae

comminuted fracture

which the ends of the bones were crushed together

oste/o

bone

fibrous dysplasia

bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous (scarlike) tissue

greenstick fracture

bone is bent and partially broken

allogenic

bone marrow translpant uses bone marrow from a donor

BMT

bone marrow transplant

phalanges

bones of the fingers and toes

sternum

breast bone

secondary bone cancer

breast cancer spread to bones, these new sites are referred to as __ __ __

callus

bulging deposit that forms around the area of the break during the healing of a fractured bone

chondr/o

cartilage

zygomatic

cheekbones

CR

closed reduction

clavicle

collar bone

dislocation

complete displacement of a bone from its joint

spina bifida

congenital defect

talipes

congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus, calls this condition clubfoot

ligament

connects one bone to another bone

crani/o

cranium, skull

ankyl/o

crooked, bent, stiff

scoli/o

curved

osteonecrosis

death of bone tissue

crepitation

grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

osteosclerosis

hardening of bone

autologous bone marrow transplant

harvesting of her bone marrow so you can recieve it later

acetabulum

hip socket

kyph/o

hump

patella

kneecap

lumbago

lower back pain

hallux valgus

medical term for the condition commonly known as a bunion

osteoarthritis

medical term for the form of arthritis that is commonly known as wear-and-tear arthritis

arthroscopic surgery

minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of the interior of a joint

synovial joint

movable joint

process

normal projection on the surface of a bone that serves as an attachment for muscles and tendons

craniotomy

perfomed to gain access to the brain or to relieve intracranial pressure

olecranon process

point of the elbow

percutaneous vertebroplasty

preformed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures

arthrodesis

procedure that stiffens a joint by joining two bones and it is also known as surgicla ankylosis

RA

rheumatoid arthritis

cost/o

rib

-lysis

setting free, loosening

tarsal

seven short ___ bones make up each ankle

diaphysis

shaft of a long bone

-um

singular noun ending

skip1

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myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

crainotomy

surgery to relieve the rapidly increasing intracranial pressure

osteodasis

surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity

arthrotomy

surgical incision into a joint

costotomy

surgical incision or division of a rib or ribs

arthroplasty

surgical placement of an artificial joint

arthrolysis

surgical procedure for loosening of an ankylosed joint

arthrectomy

surgical removal of a joint

costectomy

surgical removal of a rib or ribs

osteorrhaphy

surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones

chondroplasty

surgically repair the damage cartilage

lord/o

swayback bent

synovi/o, synov/l

synovial membrane

TMJ

temporomandibular joint

osteopenia

thinner-than-average bone density, at risk for developing osteoporosis

-desis

to bind, tie together

dual x-ray absorptiometry test

to obtain a definitive evaulation of the status of bone density

chondropathy

disease of cartilage

traction

effort to return a fractured bone to normal alignment. This procedure exerts a pulling force on the distal end of the affected limb

ankylosing spondylitis

form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarly causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae

spondylolisthesis

forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertbra or sacrum below it

fx

fracture

chondritis

inflammation of cartilage

polyarthritis

inflammation of more than one joint

bursitis

inflammation of the bursa

costochondritis

inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

periostitis

inflammation of the periosteum

arthr/o

joint

foramen

opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass

orthotic

orthopedic appliance

subluxation

partial displacement of a bone from its joint

osteochondroma

benign bony projection covered with cartilage

hemarthrosis

blood within a joint

osteomyclitis

imflammation of the bone and bone marrow