Chapter 3 Psychology

1. Which sequence is the CORRECT one for information traveling within a single neuron? A. dendrites, cell body, axon B. cell body, dendrites, axon C. axon, cell body, dendrites D. axon, dendrites, cell body E. cell body, axon, dendrites

A. dendrites, cell body, axon

20. The famous case study of Phineas Gage helped us to understand the role that the _____ play(s) in controlling one's emotions and making decisions. A. frontal lobes B. occipital lobes C. parietal lobes D. temporal lobes E. brain

A. frontal lobes

15. The brain is remarkably adaptive and the functions of areas that are damaged may be taken over by other areas of the brain. What is the term for this phenomenon? A. plasticity B. refractory period C. heritability D. subcortical pruning E. glial compensation

A. plasticity

7. In order for a neuron to respond to a particular neurotransmitter, it must possess a(n) _____ for that neurochemical. A. receptor B. myelin sheath C. agonist D. terminal button E. purkinje cell

A. receptor

9. Suzanne has been having difficulty falling asleep and waking up in the morning. She has also noticed that her appetite has changed and that she has become somewhat more aggressive. What neurotransmitter is MOST likely involved in Suzanne's symptoms? A. serotonin B. glutamate C. dopamine D. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) E. acetylcholine

A. serotonin

12. You are driving down an unfamiliar road at night and an animal darts out in front of your car. You quickly slam on the brakes and avoid hitting the animal. Your ability to respond quickly to this situation was MOST likely promoted by your: A. sympathetic nervous system. B. parasympathetic nervous system. C. spinal reflexes. D. central nervous system. E. somatic nervous system.

A. sympathetic nervous system.

17. The majority of human beings have _____ chromosomes in each cell of their body. A. 23 B. 23 pairs of C. 46 pairs of D. 2 E. 2 pairs of

B. 23 pairs of

19. _____ refers to the fact that each hemisphere in the brain controls the functions of the opposite side of the body. A. Ipsilateral control B. Contralateral control C. Bilateralization D. Hierarchical control E. Homunculus

B. Contralateral control

8. James's grandmother was recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. James wanted to do some research so that he could help his grandmother better understand this disease. Through his research, James found that Alzheimer's involves the deterioration of what neurotransmitter? A. dopamine B. acetylcholine C. serotonin C. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) D. endorphin

B. acetylcholine

10. l-Dopa is a drug given to individuals with Parkinson's disease. This drug helps with the symptoms of the disease because it is a(n) _____ for dopamine. A. endorphin B. agonist C. antagonist D. mirror neurotransmitter E. blocker

B. agonist

18. As part of the limbic system, the _____ attaches significance to previously neutral events that are associated with fear, punishment, or reward. A. hippocampus B. pituitary gland C. amygdala D. basal ganglia E. thalamus

C. amygdala

4. Research has shown that, when certain groups of animals observe another engaging in a particular behavior, some of the same neurons also become active in the observer animal. This is due to the action of what type of neuron? A. secondary motor B. primary motor C. mirror D. cognitive E. executive

C. mirror

3. Janell holds her hand close to a fire. Her _____ neurons allow her to feel the heat, while her _____ neurons allow her to move her hand away from the fire. A. purkinje; inter- B. inter-; bipolar C. sensory; motor D. motor; sensory E. inter-; motor

C. sensory; motor

11. Which components make up the major parts of the peripheral nervous system? A. the brain and spinal cord B. the sympathetic and autonomic nervous systems C. the autonomic and somatic nervous systems D. the parasympathetic and central nervous systems E. the central and autonomic nervous systems

C. the autonomic and somatic nervous systems

13. Which major area of the brain deals with information coming in from and going out through the spinal cord? A. the forebrain B. the midbrain C. the hindbrain D. the hippocampus E. the cerebral cortex

C. the hindbrain

2. Diseases such as multiple sclerosis usually involve a deterioration of what part of a neuron? A. the cell body B. the dendrites C. the myelin sheath D. the axon E. the nucleus

C. the myelin sheath

21. Dr. Billings studies brain-wave patterns that occur when people are dreaming. He attaches a device to the outside of people's skulls to measure electrical activity in the brain. What type of device is he using? A. an MRI B. a PET scan C. a CT scan D. an EEG E. single-cell recording

D. an EEG

16. Which part of the brain will form FIRST in prenatal development? A. the cerebral cortex B. the frontal lobes C. the midbrain D. the hindbrain E. the tectum

D. the hindbrain

6. _____ refers to the time following an action potential during which a new action potential cannot be initiated. A. Excitatory postsynaptic response B. Degradation C. Osmosis D. Mitosis E. Refractory period

E. Refractory period

5. What is referred to as an all-or-nothing event? A. neural plasticity B. neurotransmitter antagonism C. refractory periods D. resting potentials E. action potentials

E. action potentials

14. The occipital lobe is to _____ as the parietal lobe is to _____. A. hearing; vision B. vision; hearing C. touch; hearing D. planning; touch E. vision; touch

E. vision; touch