Chapter 3: Role of Carbohydrates in Nutrition

Glycogen

A stored form of glucose

Your friend heard that soluble fiber can help her lose weight, and she asks you how this happens. You tell your friend that soluble fiber _____. decreases the movement of glucose into the blood reduces the absorption of cholesterol makes you less prone to overeating All of the answers are correct

All of the answers are correct

Dietary fiber can be obtained from eating _____. grains vegetables legumes All the answers are correct.

All the answers are correct.

Which of the following is a simple carbohydrate? Table sugar Candy Maple syrup All the answers are correct.

All the answers are correct.

Glucose is the simple sugar that your body uses for energy. How does your body obtain glucose from food?

By breaking down the carbohydrates that you eat.

Carlos just finished an exhausting workout. Which of the following carbohydrates can be readily used by his body as a source of fuel? Cellulose Dietary fiber Any kind of polysaccharide. Glucose

Glucose

Linking which two monosaccharides together will create sucrose?

Glucose + Fructose

After we eat, the pancreas secretes _____ to help regulate blood glucose levels.

Insulin

Glucose is a simple sugar that is used as energy by your body and brain. Which hormone would be called into action if there was too much glucose in the blood?

Insulin

Why is glucose important to the body?

It is used for energy by your body and brain.

When combined, glucose + galactose form _____.

Lactose

Why does lactose intolerance occur?

Lactose intolerance occurs when people do not produce enough lactase, which is the enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose.

Although Sarah had not eaten anything today, she decided to go to the gym anyway. After her workout, Sarah experienced dry mouth and a headache. What probably happened inside Sarah's body?

She was probably in a state of ketosis.

What type of fiber can help manage cholesterol levels?

Soluble fiber

Which of the following would NOT be a good source of complex carbohydrates? Steak Grains Seeds Beans

Steak

Total fiber is a combination of _____.

dietary and functional fiber

Maltose is a disaccharide made of _____ and _____.

glucose, glucose

Which hormone is secreted from the pancreas that controls the amount of glucose in the blood?

insulin

Simple carbohydrates

simple sugars

In humans, the normal blood glucose level ranges from 70 mg/dl to _____.

110 mg/dl

Sugars, starches and fiber are different types of _____.

Carbohydrates

What type of reaction causes the formation of sugar molecules larger than monosaccharides?

Dehydration

Soluble fiber _____ while insoluble fiber _____. A. helps reduce hemorroids; makes you less prone to overeating B. alleviates constipation; reduces the movement of glucose into the blood after a meal C. is found in nature; is only found in synthetic forms D. digests when mixed with water; transforms into a gel when mixed with water E. reduces the absorption of cholesterol; adds bulk to stool

E. reduces the absorption of cholesterol; adds bulk to stool

What term describes a part of plant foods that helps foods pass through the digestive tract, though it cannot be digested?

Fiber

Which of the following scenarios will most likely lead to ketosis? Strenuous exercise while on a low carbohydrate diet. Strenuous exercise while on a high carbohydrate diet. Low-pace exercise while on a high carbohydrate diet. Low-pace exercise while on a low carbohydrate diet.

Strenuous exercise while on a low carbohydrate diet.

When combined, glucose + fructose form _____.

Sucrose

Ketones will most likely be present when?

When there's a lack of carbohydrates

Which of the following sources of carbohydrates is most difficult for the body to digest? Whole wheat bread A chocolate bar A piece of candy Chocolate chip cookies

Whole wheat bread

When carbohydrate intake is low, which of the following is most likely to result?

your body will break down other nutrients for energy