Chapter 3 Test 3

Define "Hydroplaning" and how drivers can prevent its occurrence:

Hydroplaning is when your tires rise up on a wedge of water. Drivers can prevent its occurrence by driving at a slower speed and making sure the tires have the correct inflation, width, and tread.

Explain the affects uphill and downhill roadway sections on (a) travelling speed, (b) acceleration ability and (c) braking ability

(A) uphill- speed up ( maintain constant speed to overcome force of gravity)Downhill- Slow down (gravity tends to boost speed/lose traction) (B) Up hill- decreased acceleration ability (gravity pulls down) Downhill- increased acceleration ability( Gravity pulls up) (C) Uphill braking ability becomes easier down hill- breaking ability becomes harder ( both- gravity and inertia makes braking harder in both case)

List 4 substances that can reduce traction

1. Ice 2. Wet leaves 3. Sand 4. Paint

List and Explain the factors that affect traction between a vehicles tire and the roadway surface

1. Substance on the road; they will reduce the levels of adhesion 2. surface conditions: these can contribute to a loss of traction 3. temperature changes; can make roads slippery and decrease traction 4. road design; can be different heights which can create a loss in traction 5. patches of ice or wet leaves; loss of traction when the texture is unequal

To allow enough distance to stop in response to threatening objects or conditions, you should identify a planned path of travel __ seconds ahead

12-15

Under most conditions a minimum following interval of ____ will enable you to adjust speed or position approximately

3-4 seconds

If a vehicle speed doubles from 20 mph to 40 mph, the distance needed to stop the vehicle increases by ______________ times.

4 times

When turning to the right, the contact patches of the _________ will increase in size.

Left side tires

Explain the relationship between inertia and traction

Traction is affected by inertia. Inertia keeps the car moving forward instead of turning, unless traction is great enough to overcome the force of inertia allowing it to turn.

When braking hard, the weight of the vehicle noticeably shifts __________________.

to the front of the vehicle