Chapter 3 test

True or False? The Church opposes stem cell research.

False. The Church does not oppose stem cell research

What is the ultimate purpose of society? What is not the ultimate purpose of society?

The ultimate purpose of society is not the society itself. The ultimate purposes of society are the lives of the people who make up the society

What are two major factors that have led to the disrespect for human life?

(a) Breakdown of the family; (b) Freedom as an absolute value.

What are the three questions that must be asked to determine whether the unintended bad effect that results from the principle of double effect is morally tolerable?

(a) Is the action either morally good or morally neutral? (b) Is the intention of the action the good effect and not the bad effect that results from it? (c) Does the good outcome outweigh the bad one?

What are three reasons for the growing shift toward acceptance and legalization of euthanasia?

A cultural climate that sees no value in suffering. (b) People who neglect God often think they have sole control over life and death. (c) Extreme individualism and the belief in an absolute right to freedom can lead people to believe they are the masters of their own life and death.

Explain the difference between abortion and direct abortion.

Abortion is defined as ending a pregnancy before the child is born; more specifically, direct (intentional) abortion is "any destruction of the product of human conception, whether before or after implantation in the womb."

Explain the Church's reasoning in opposing abortion even in cases of rape?

Although the circumstances surrounding a child conceived out of rape or incest are tragic and deplorable, the child himself is no less of a person than a child conceived in the most ideal situation. The Church's stance against abortion, even in the unfortunate situation of rape, is not meant as an uncompassionate treatment of the woman who has experienced such violence but instead a refusal to allow violence to be extended to another innocent victim: the unborn baby.

What is at the core of reproductive cloning?

At its core, reproductive cloning reduces the person to an object to be manipulated and controlled by another, even before he or she comes into existence; it is greatly contrary to the personalistic norm.

What is at the origin of every human attack?

At the origin of every human life, there is a lack of love for the other as a unique person with dignity. This is the origin of every human attack.

Why is capital punishment different from abortion and euthanasia?

Capital punishment is different from abortion and euthanasia in that it is not considered an intrinsic evil because there are cases in which it can be morally permissible.

Explain the difference between euthanasia and physician-assisted-suicide.

Euthanasia can be voluntary or involuntary, in that one can choose it for oneself (voluntary) or someone else can choose it for the sick or dying person (involuntary). When it is voluntary, it is often referred to as assisted suicide or physician-assisted suicide.

True or False? A clear principle of Catholic morality is that an evil end or purpose does not justify a good means to that end.

False. A clear principle of Catholic morality is that a good end or purpose does not justify an evil means to that end.

True or False? Applying the personalistic norm to Catholic social teaching means being more driven by "issues" then by the people effected by issues.

False. Applying the personalistic norm to Catholic social teaching means being less driven by "issues" than by the people effected by issues.

True or False? The principle of double effect recognizes that in some situations a bad action may have two effects: one intended and good and the other unintended and bad.

False. The principle of double effect recognizes that in some situations a good action may have two effects: one intended and good and the other unintended and bad.

True or False? To protect the common good, legitimate public authority has no right to impose punishment in due proportion to the seriousness of the offense.

False. To protect the common good, legitimate public authority has the right to impose punishment in due proportion to the seriousness of the offense.

True or False? Until 1965, no US states had laws banning abortion.

False. Until 1965 all US states had laws banning abortion.

True or False? While not condemning the serious sin of abortion, the Church does condemn or judge the woman or man who has participated in it.

False. While condemning the serious sin of abortion, the Church does not condemn or judge the woman or man who has participated in it.

What gives each person inherent dignity and worthy of receiving profound respect?

God's image is reflected in each person, from the richest to the poorest, youngest to oldest, healthiest to most ill. God's image is reflected in both genders—male and female—and in every race and ethnicity which gives each person inherent dignity and worthy of receiving profound respect.

What do the US Catholic Bishops say about the necessity of capital punishment?

In the Statement on Capital Punishment (1980), the US Catholic Bishops agree that modern governments have many ways to control criminals so as to make the need for capital punishment unnecessary.

What are the three traditional reasons for punishing someone?

Reform, deterrence, and retribution are the three traditional reasons for punishing someone.

The landmark Supreme Court decision ______ ____ _________ declared that a woman's right to _______________ includes her decision to have an abortion. Abortion is still _______________ in the United States with specific laws varying by ____________, but abortion policies in the US are among the most _____________________ of any industrialized nation of the ______________.

Roe v. Wade; privacy; legal; state; permissive; West

Briefly explain the acronym SLED.

SIZE-The fact that an unborn child is small than a born child has no bearing on his or her personhood; LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT —One's development does not determine one's personhood; ENVIRONMENT—Where one is should not be the determining factor in who one is; DEGREE OF DEPENDENCY —Merely being dependent upon another does not make the unborn baby less of a person.

What does the US Conference of Catholic Bishops warn about cloning?

The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops clearly warns that "human cloning is intrinsically evil because it reduces human procreation to a mere manufacturing process, producing new human beings in the laboratory to predetermined specifications as though they were commodities."

What is the role of government? What is a tenet of democracy?

The role of government is to protect human rights, especially the fundamental right to life. A tenet of democracy is that laws should protect the lives and rights of all people, especially the most defenseless.

Which type of stem cell research is opposed by the Church?

The type of stem cell research that destroys embryos in order to obtain stem cells is opposed by the Church.

What are the prohibitions and demands of the fifth commandment?

This commandment prohibits murder, the deliberate killing of an innocent human being—an intrinsic evil; that is, an action that is always morally wrong. The fifth commandment also demands profound respect for the dignity of every human life.

True or False? Although research to help cure diseases has the good intention of relieving human suffering, even the best intentions cannot justify intrinsically immoral means to achieve these ends.

True

True or False? Contemporary society has undermined the family by changing traditional views on marriage and divorce.

True

True or False? If the death penalty is the only way to stop an unjust aggressor and protect citizens' lives, legitimate authority has the prerogative to impose the death penalty.

True

True or False? It is only when you understand the inherent dignity of all human life that you can really appreciate the right to life itself.

True

True or False? No cures have yet been attributed to embryonic stem cells; in contrast, more than seventy-three cures are attributed to adult stem cells.

True

True or False? Removing all or part of the fallopian tube of a woman experiencing an ectopic pregnancy—even though the baby will surely die—is morally permissible because it is a natural consequence of a procedure to save the mother's life and not the intention of the procedure.

True

True or False? Some who promote a "right to die" mentality believe that the terminally ill or elderly threaten the economic well-being of other members of society.

True

How did St. John Paul II explain what is and is not true compassion?

True "compassion" leads to sharing another's pain; it does not kill the person whose suffering we cannot bear.

True or False? Because every man and woman is made in God's image and likeness and called to happiness in Him, every person is equal in dignity.

True.

What does unchecked personal freedom lead to?

Unchecked personal freedom leads to an excessive individualism that ignores other people, especially those too weak or dependent to defend their own rights.

A person with dignity is not to be "__ _________ _____ ____ ______" but rather is to be given the ________________, respect, and love he or she is due. This principle is called the ________________ __________ and is affirmed in the __________________ of Jesus. It seeks to affirm the unique value of each person in the world of _________________.

a means to an end; freedom; personalistic norm; Incarnation; nature

There are ________________ that support the unborn child's ____________ to live and the Church works to ensure that such alternatives are available. Women can find __________________, emotional, and spiritual support as well as access to ______________ _______. The Church offers ____________________ and care to women and __________ who have experienced the loss of a child through ______________________.

alternatives; right; material; medical care; compassion; men; abortion

The intent of ______________ is to create human beings with a particular _____________ ___________ imposing upon them a certain biological _______________. Such a perspective introduces a certain moral ________________ as to what constitutes a "________________" human being and could lead to the notion that those who do not possess these particular qualities are __________________.

cloning; genetic makeup; slavery; ambiguity; superior; inferior

What does it mean to say that dignity is inviolable?

dignity can never be taken away

Human life begins from the time the ovum is _________________ and genetic studies have revealed that a new ___________ _______________ has begun the process of growth at the moment of ______________________. The Declaration on Procured Abortion states, "Any _____________________ based on the various stages of life is no more __________________ than any other discrimination."

fertilized; human being; conception; discrimination; justified

Every human person has __________________ dignity; therefore, every person's life is worth living and _________________. There is no "______________" of dignity that depends on one's ______________ or physical state. Modern values emphasize what one contributes to _________________, focusing on what someone _________ rather than who someone ______.

inherent; protecting; range; mental; society; does; is

No one is morally obligated to use every _________________ means available to _________________ one's life. It is morally permissible to refuse _______________________ medical treatment—that which attempts to do more than keep the patient ____________________ and cared for in a _______________ manner. However, a person must always accept ____________________ medical treatment—standard medical care as well as ____________ and water.

medical; prolong; extraordinary; comfortable; basic; ordinary; food

The CCC explains these four aspects of ___________________: Love of your own __________ is an important tenet of morality. "____________________" means a person who is not intending you ___________ at a particular moment. It is a moral _____________________ to protect one's own life or the ___________ of another. Taking the life of another is only a ________ _______________.

self-defense; life; Innocent; harm; obligation; life; last resort