Chapter 3: The Constitution

The U.S. Constitution contain about ____ words.

4,300

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government based on the "consent of the governed"?

John Locke

The ____ guaranteed citizenship to all persons, including blacks

Fourteenth Amendment

The __________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Fourth

By 2012, members of the European Union (EU) agreed to greater central authority over their respective economies, with the exception of

Great Britian

The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the Constitution in

Marbury v. Madison

Which document proclaimed, " Each state retains it sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not..... ecpressly delegated to the United States.

The Articles of Confederation

The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the state was

the omission of a bill of rights.

According to the text "it is hard to imagine a government framework better suited than the Constitution to

the pluralist model

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

checks and balances

Under the Constitution, the slave trade

could be ended after twenty years

The 2007 European Reform Treaty did all but

create a centralized debt-refinancing agency for indebted countries.

Shay's Rebellion consisted of

farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

for life

The three fifths formula that was used in regard to representation in the House

had been used in 1783 under the Articles to allocate government costs among the states

The punishment for losing the Revolutionary War, for the signers of the Declaration , would have been

hanging and drawing and quartering

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

judicial review

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

left unspecified how many people the executive might have

Article 1 of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

not mentioning it directly

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it.

Republicanism is a form of government in which power

resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives

A reupublic is a government

resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives

Originally, the Constitutional Conventions purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederatin

The idea that the people agree to establish rulers for certain purposes, but they have the right to resist or remove rulers who violate those purposes, is also known as

social contract theory

After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

social equality

The Daughters of Liberty opposed British rule by

spinning their own cloth and using colonial products rather than buying imported British products.

If a state's drinking laws allowed eighteen-year-olds to drink alcoholic beverages in violation of the federal governments age requirement of twenty-one, the federal government's age restriction would supersede the state's law based upon the

supremacy clause

The Bill of Rights consists of the first _________ amendments to the Constitution.

ten

A greater percentage of the united states population died or was wounded during the Revolution that in any other U.S. conflict except

the Civil War

The ____, which prevents members of Congress from voting themselves immediate pay increases, was submitted to the states in 1789, but was not ratified until 1992

Twenty-seventh Amendment

A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was

the Seven Years' War.

A result of the Second Continental Congress was

the adoption of the Declaration of Independence

A group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention proposed a powerful national government to replace the weak confederation of states. This was known as the

Virginia Plan

The original procedure for selecting vice president, under the electoral college was

the candidate with the next-greatest number of votes would become vice president

The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that

the constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was not given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.

The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law enforcing, and law interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

a seperation of powers

A key component of the Virginia Plan was

a strong national government

Antifederalist attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too strong

According to Madison in Federalist No.10, the most common and durable source of factions have been

unequal distribution of property

Federalism, or the division of power between a national government and regional units, stands in contrast to

unitary government.

Shay's Rebellion indicated the

urgent need to maintain domestic order

The primary contribution of the Federalist papers is

their insight into the reasons for constitutional provisions.

The ______ guarantees that citizens' right to vote cannot be denied "on account of sex."

Nineteenth Amendment

According to the first national census, in 1790 about ______ of the American population lived in slavery

18 percent

The idea of republicanism may be traced to the philospher

Aristotle

Which amendment does the text categorize as "disastrous"?

Eighteenth Amendment

The _________ protects against excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Eighth Amendment

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalists

The Articles of Confederation failed because

Options A,B, and C are true.

Which document proclaimed " we hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights

The Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence was based on input from many people, but its primary author was

Thomas Jefferson

When compared with the U.S. Constitution, most American state constitutions

are longer and more detailed

To amend the Articles of Confederation required a

unanimous vote