Chapter 30 History

Why did the U.S. bomb Afghanistan in the wake of the 9/11 attacks?

It was believed to harbor Al Qaeda and its leader, Osama bin Laden.

The Republican nominee for president in the 2008 presidential election was

John McCain.

True or false: The 2008 presidential election was the first election since 1952 that did not include an incumbent president or vice president.

True

True or false: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage was legal in 2015.

True

True or false: The election of 2012 was the most expensive campaign in history.

True

True or false: The percentage of black high school graduates going to college is the virtually the same as that of white high school graduates.

True

Why did China become a focus of the Trump administration in its early days?

Trump needed China to help establish better relations with North Korea.

Environmentalists were able to block the construction of roads, airports, and other projects on the basis of new legislation that

protected endangered species and fragile regions.

Which of the following statements about the welfare reform bill passed by Congress in 1996 is correct?

It shifted the bulk of welfare benefits away from those without jobs and toward support for low-wage workers.

Which of the following is true of the impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton?

It ended with a decisive acquittal on both charges.

What was the U.S. response to the 9/11 attacks?

It launched the "war on terror."

Which of the following statements about specific incidents of terrorism are accurate?

-Revolutionary groups in Italy, Germany, and Japan have all engaged in terrorist acts. -It was used in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. -Jews in Palestine used terrorism against the British before the creation of Israel.

Which of the following factors contributed to Clinton's reelection in 1996?

-The fact that his opponent inspired little enthusiasm -The support of the Republican Congress for his new legislative programs

Opponents of abortion rights formed around which issues?

-A perceived assault on the traditional role of wives and mothers -Religious doctrine

Which of the following describe aspects of the 2008 election season that were unique in the history of the United States?

-An African American had a realistic chance of being elected president. -A woman had a realistic chance of being elected president.

Which of the following contributes to the increased agedness of the American population?

-Decreasing birthrates -Growing life spans -Baby Boomers

The increasing agedness of the U.S. populations presents a problem for

-Entitlement programs. -The workforce.

Which of the following are true of Kenneth Starr's investigation of Clinton?

-His salacious report to Congress recommended impeachment. -He struck a deal with Monica Lewinsky to testify about her relationship with Clinton.

Which of the following have created difficulty for President Trump in his first two years?

-Intense partisanship -His Twitter habits -His lack of experience

Which of the following were among the challenges faced by President Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in 2010-2012?

-Iran's nuclear program -Increasing turmoil in the Middle East -Conflict between Israel and Palestine

Which of the following claims were made by the Bush administration in support of invading Iraq?

-Iraq was supporting terrorist groups that were hostile to the U.S. -The Hussein government in Iraq had committed major violations of human rights. -Iraq either had or was developing weapons of mass destruction.

Which of the following general statements about the effect of the civil rights movement on the lives of African Americans are accurate?

-It ultimately resulted in the majority of the African American population becoming part of the middle class. -It resulted in more than half of African Americans holding white collar jobs, which they had been barred from a generation earlier. -It increased opportunities for some, but the decline in the industrial economy stymied the ability of others.

Which of the following accurately describe the opposition to globalization?

-Labor unions argued that free trade led to the export of jobs. -Groups concerned with humanitarian issues argued that the global economy led to "slave labor" in horrible conditions.

During the late 1900s and early 2000s, the number of African Americans increased among which of the following groups?

-Middle-class wage earners -White-collar workers

Genetic engineering has directly resulted in which two of the following?

-New medical treatments -Techniques for plant and animal hybridization

Which of the following burdened George W. Bush when he assumed the presidency in 2001?

-Perceptions on whether he was prepared for office -The election controversy

Which of the following are true of the 1980s-2000s?

-The federal government intermittently displayed interest in matters of the environment. -Environmentalists won significant battles at the local level.

Which of the following accounts for the success of legal challenges to laws against same-sex marriage?

-The political savvy of same-sex marriage supporters -A profound change in public opinion

Controversies in the Clinton administration during its first months in office included which of the following?

-The suicide of a White House counsel and longtime friend of the president -Several early appointments, which Clinton was forced to withdraw. -An attempt to end the policy barring gays and lesbians from serving in the military -A banking and real estate venture involving the Clintons from the 1980s

In 1993, when Bill Clinton assumed the presidency, he

-entered with a highly ambitious domestic political agenda. -did not have a powerful electoral mandate for change.

AIDS was first documented in

1981.

Osama bin Laden was finally found and killed in ______.

2011

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding HIV and AIDS?

AIDS is the product of the HIV virus.

On Election Day in the year 2000,

Al Gore won the national popular vote by a thin margin.

Which of the following was one of President Obama's and Secretary Clinton's biggest foreign policy concerns while in office?

China's growing military and economic power

American society went through rapid changes at the end of the twentieth century because of a changing population, the end of the ____, _____ and an economic transformation.

Cold;War

Which general category of technology had the largest impact on life in the last decades of the twentieth century?

Computers

In what way did the "new economy" represent a shift in the nation's financial history?

Corporations changed they way they worked and reduced job security for American workers.

True or false: President Obama easily won a second term in the election of 2012.

False

Which of the following is true of George W. Bush's first term in office?

He generally had the public's support for his resolute stand on terrorism.

On December 19, 1998, the ______ voted along party lines to approve two counts of impeachment against President Bill Clinton.

House of Representatives

Which of the following is true of the development of the personal computer?

IBM hired Microsoft to develop the operating system for the first PC, which led to Microsoft's success.

What company first introduced the microprocessor in 1971?

Intel

The ______ is a far-flung network of computers, while the ______ is a system for the distribution and retrieval of electronic information.

Internet; World Wide Web

Who was Obama's Republican challenger in the 2012 election?

Mitt Romney

In his 2002 State of the Union address, President George W. Bush described an "axis of evil" made up of Iraq, Iran, and

North Korea.

What charge did Paula Jones bring against Bill Clinton?

Sexual harassment

On what basis did the U.S. Supreme Court overrule the Florida Supreme Court's order for a recount in the election of 2000?

Standards for evaluating punch-card ballots were too arbitrary.

Which of the following statements best describes the election of 2012?

The Democrats won the presidency and retained control of the Senate.

Which of the following claims proved to be accurate?

The Hussein government in Iraq had committed major violations of human rights.

Which of the following was the first large and visible manifestation of the power of Islamic orthodoxy?

The Iranian Revolution

For abortion rights advocates, which of the following did they believe settled the issue of abortion rights in the United States?

The Supreme Court ruling in Roe v. Wade

Which of the following are true of the word "terrorism"?

The word refers to violence used to intimidate people and governments.

The individual that introduced the World Wide Web to the world in 1989 is

Tim Berners-Lee.

In Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court ruled that the

U.S. Constitution guaranteed same-sex couples the right to marry.

In a move reminiscent of the Cold War, in March 2014 President Vladimir Putin

annexed the Ukrainian territory of Crimea.

A special prosecutor was appointed near the beginning of Donald Trump's presidency to investigate whether Trump's

campaign staff had unsanctioned ties or contacts with the Russian government.

Bill Clinton's presidency marked the beginning of what in American political life?

crippling partisanship

Missing from American political life in the twenty-first century is the ability of politicians to

find the middle ground.

At the turn of the twenty-first century, partisanship in American political life

fundamentally impacted the functioning of the White House and Congress.

The environmental movement in the decades after the 1980s drew inspiration from the

growth of the older international environmental movement.

The Human Genome Project

has identified and classified more than 20,000 genes.

One especially controversial aspect of genetic research is

how genetic material is obtained.

President Obama's success in his first two years in office was in large part due to

large Democratic majorities in both houses of Congress.

According to U.S. intelligence officials, during the 2016 election, Russian hackers

leaked Democratic Party emails with the express intent of benefiting the Trump campaign.

In the summer of 2017, Robert S. Mueller was appointed as special counsel to investigate

links between the Trump campaign and the Russian government.

In the Whitewater affair, the Clintons were

not cleared of wrongdoing until 2000.

North Korea presents a foreign policy challenge to Trump because of its

nuclear weapons program.

The most significant setback for Obama's agenda was the

polarization of the political parties.

Which of the following was responsible for increasing the median age of Americans?

the "Baby-Boom" generation

The most dramatic changes in American life over the last three decades are the result of the

transformation of American trade and industry.

Which of the following groups was not a major source of opposition to globalization in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries?

war veterans