Chapter 34 Self Quiz

All of the following improved communication between India and Britain EXCEPT A. the completion of the Panama Canal. B. the use of steamships. C. the invention of the telegraph. D. the laying of submarine cables. E. All of the above improved communication between India and Britain.

a

British rule undermined the Indian cotton industry by A. undercutting the cost of Indian cloth with cheap British textiles. B. forbidding the manufacture of cotton cloth in India. C. imposing tariffs on cotton cloth into India. D. imposing tariffs on cotton cloth shipped from India to Britain. E. monopolistic practices by the East India Company.

a

Unlike the British in India, the French in Indochina A. encouraged conversion to Christianity. B. recruited local peoples into their colonial army. C. worked closely with local elites. D. promoted domestic industries. E. had no obvious racial bias.

a

By 1800, the Dutch Afrikaners in South Africa had established A. a prosperous trading center affiliated with the Dutch East India Company. B. a diverse economy based on both farming and mining. C. an independent and sovereign nation, the only European state in Africa. D. a settler colony based on slavery and white supremacy. E. all of the above.

d

Colonial rule dramatically altered the environment in which of the following places? A. Burma, due to rubber production. B. Ceylon, due to tea production. C. the Congo, due to rubber production. D. Sumatra, due to rubber production. E. all of the above.

e

Proponents of "scientific racism" argued that A. race could be biologically defined and characterized. B. western dominance was justified on the basis on racial superiority. C. the theories of Charles Darwin supported world dominance by the "fittest" races. D. people of European decent were morally superior to other races. E. All of the above.

e

One striking difference between the British and the French imperial models in Africa is that A. the British preferred to use local institutions to control subject populations. B. the French preferred to employ local rulers to govern their colonies. C. the British established schools and academies to train African civil servants to run their colonies, while the French did not. D. many more British citizens relocated to Africa to administer their colonies than did French citizens. E. the British actively sought to convert Africans to Christianity while the French did not.

a

Pressure for reform in British India came from A. educated Indians seeking self-rule. B. educated Indian women seeking greater independence. C. Indian Muslims seeking independence from the Hindu majority. D. Indian peasants and workers mobilized into unions. E. enlightened British rulers who felt that India was ready for self-government.

a

In the early 20th century the United States frequently sent troops into Central America A. to establish American colonies there. B. to protect American business interests there. C. to support democratic movements in that part of the world. D. to protect the security of the Panama Canal. E. All of the above.

b

The "white man's burden" proposed by Rudyard Kipling refers to A. the cost of creating and supporting an empire. B. the moral duty of the west to work to "civilize" the rest of the world. C. the cost of abolishing slavery in Africa. D. the need for Christian missionaries to undermine Islam in Africa and Asia. E. All of the above.

b

The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for A. the spirited resistance of the Congolese people. B. the brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II. C. a policy of free trade that encouraged merchants from all countries. D. the humane policies of the Belgian government toward the Congolese people. E. all of the above.

b

Which of the following would NOT be typical of labor migration patterns in the age of empire? A. Chinese migrants to plantations in Cuba. B. German migrants to plantations in the Congo. C. Indian migrants to plantations in the Caribbean. D. Irish migrants to factories and railroads in the United States. E. Japanese migrants to plantations in Hawaii.

b

19th-century empires differed from earlier empires because A. the modern empires did not require payment of tributes. B. modern empires provided a vehicle for advancement for colonial peoples. C. modern empires were able to thoroughly dominate the economies of their colonies. D. most imperial powers permitted traditional rulers to remain in power. E. all of the above.

c

Japanese imperial expansion in the late 19th century was PRIMARILY motivated by A. the need for land for settlement by a growing population. B. the need for raw materials for industrialization. C. resentment at the unequal treaties forced on them by the United States. D. a long-standing rivalry between China and Japan. E. All of the above.

c

The Battle of Omdurman clearly demonstrated that A. Europeans were morally superior to Africans. B. Japan had become a major world power. C. European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army. D. Britain had fallen behind Germany by the end of the 19th century. E. None of the above

c

One social goal of the British authorities in India was to A. abolish the caste system. B. establish a system of public education. C. convert the local population to Christianity. D. abolish the custom of burning widows with their husbands' bodies. E. all of the above.

d

The scramble for Pacific island colonies in the late 19th century was motivated by A. the desire for the tropical produce. B. the need to defend the whaling industry. C. concerns about the Japanese expansion to nearby islands. D. the desire for strategic ports and refueling stations in the Pacific Ocean. E. All of the above.

d

Which of the following is NOT true about the settlement of Australia? A. The British defined the continent as land belonging to no one. B. The 1st settlers were mostly convicts, banished from Britain. C. Smallpox and measles reduced the aboriginal populations by 86 percent. D. Australia became a multicultural society, drawing settlers from all over the Pacific. E. Settlement increased significantly after the discovery of gold.

d

Which of the following was NOT an economic motivation for imperialism? A. Cheap raw materials from overseas colonies were needed to sustain industrialization. B. Overseas colonies offered markets for manufactured goods. C. Overseas colonies offered a haven for the settlement of surplus populations. D. European and American industry needed more sources of coal. E. All were economic motives for imperialism.

d

Why had most European governments abandoned concessionary companies in Africa by the early 20th century? A. The companies provoked rebellion, and the governments had to come to their defense. B. The companies became so profitable that the governments decided to take over management of the colonies. C. The companies became so powerful that they threatened to break away from the mother country. D. The brutal use of forced African labor by companies provoked a public outcry in Europe. E. None of the above.

d

The Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 established A. the procedures for purchasing African lands from local rulers. B. the rules of military engagement for European forces overseas. C. that the Americas were off-limits for further European colonization. D. that Africa would be carved into spheres of influence similar to China. E. that, if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony.

e

The Mughal dynasty fell primarily because A. the state had been weakened by conflicts during the reign of Aurangzeb. B. the East India Company established powerful, coastal trading forts. C. British merchants gained access to interior territories. D. the sepoy rebellion failed to drive the British out of India. E. All of the above

e

The United States acquired Hawaii by A. secretly sponsoring a rebellion against the Hawaiian monarchy. B. a purchase treaty with the Hawaiian people. C. seizing the islands by force in order to provide a naval base in the Pacific. D. purchasing the islands from Spain in the wake of the Spanish-American War. E. annexing the islands after American planters had overthrown the monarchy.

e

Under British imperial rule, India was governed A. as a private colony of Queen Victoria. B. as an independent sovereign state, but subject to British authority in foreign affairs. C. as the private domain of the East India Company. D. indirectly, by a British viceroy working in collaboration with Indian princes. E. directly, with British bureaucrats and officers overseeing Indian civil servants and soldiers.

e