Chapter 35: Gastrointestinal Function
Which statement regarding pepsin is true?
It is secreted as an inactive proenzyme *Chief cells produce pepsinogen (inactive form of pepsin), in which HCl activates it into pepsin
Which is associated with contraction of the gallbladder?
[Chole]cystokinin *Stimulation results in an outpouring of bile, important in fat digestion and absorption
Absorption of glucose and amino acids across the intestinal epithelium occurs by...?
sodium-dependent carriers
Pancreatic secretions are high in....?
bicarbonate ions
The structure and secretions of the salivary gland most closely resemble those of the...?
exocrine pancreas
Failure of normal partitioning between the foregut and midgut can lead to a congenital condition known as....?
intestinal atresia
Brush-border enzymes are produced by ________ cells.
intestinal epithelial
The sympathetic nerve endings in the GI tract secrete....?
norepinephrine
[sata] Which are major pairs of salivary glands?
parotid, submandibular, sublingual
The propulsive movement of the GI tract is called?
peristalsis
The portion of the stomach that controls gastric emptying is the...?
pylorus
The primary stimulus for pancreatic secretion is...?
secretin
Most nutrient digestion and absorption occurs in the...?
small intestines
Parasympathetic stimulation of the stomach would...?
stimulate motility
Most of the parasympathetic innervation of the GI tract is supplied by the....?
vagus nerve *vagus nerve provides extensive supply to the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and the first half of the large intestines
The action of bile is to...?
emulsify fats
Carbohydrates are absorbed in the form of...?
monosaccharides
Which can be absorbed through the intestinal epithelia without further digestion?
Glucose *Absorbed through intestinal epithelia by a sodium-dependent cotransporter
Which enzyme assists with protein digestion?
chymotrypsin
Chief cell secretes?
pepsinogen
How much fluid is secreted from the intestinal glands daily?
2L
Older individuals may experience which change in the mouth?
Increased exposure of dentin
