Chapter 35 STUDY GUIDE

when water changes from a liquid to a vapor, it

absorbs heat from the environment

the angle at which the Sun's rays strike the Earth has a great effect on

all of the above: earth's seasons, the way climate varies with latitude, the intensity of solar energy received at earth's surface

warmer temperatures can be expected

behind an advancing warm front

the ocean current called the Gulf stream

carries heat from the gulf of mexico to the north american coast and northern europe

suppose that you saw clouds that were high in the sky and that looked like wispy stands of tattered cloth. an hour later, it started to rain. the clouds you noticed were

cirrus clouds

how are weather and climate related?

climate is the average weather over a period of many years

you feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are

condensing on your skin

evaporation of raindrops in the atmosphere

cools the air

daylight and nighttime hours are equal

during the equinoxes

As an air parcel rises, it

expands and cools

most ocean surface currents are due to

global winds

trade winds are an example of

global winds

what slows the escape of long-wave radiation form Earth's surface

greenhouse gases

if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, Earth's average global temperature will

increase

a parcel pf air will rise as long as it is

less dense than surrounding air

the troposphere is warmed mostly by

long-wave radition

an air mass contains warm, moist air is a

maritime tropical air mass

which of the following is NOT produced by water in the atmosphere

ocean currents

a sea breeze is a local wind that blows at night from a region

over the ocean toward land

the gases that make up 99% if earth's atmosphere are

oxygen and nitrogen

The temperature to which air must be cooled for saturation to occur is called

precipitation

wind is due to

pressure differences in the atmosphere

which of these factors are effective in moving heat from one location to another?

rain

as the temperature rises, how does this affect relative humidity?

relative humidity decreases as temperature rises

cyclones are areas of low pressure. They are associated with

rough weather

the elements of weather include

temperature and precipatation

on what day of the year does the north pole tilt most directly toward the sun

the summer solstice

almost all energy of earth comes directly or indirectly from

the sun

the seasons are primarily due to

the tilt of earths axis

the underlying cause of weather is that heat flows from

warm regions to cold regions

going in order from the most significant to the least, greenhouse gases include

water vapor and carbon dioxide

the Dew Point in Houston on March 3 at 6:00 a.m. is 38 F. This means that when the air temperature there reaches 38 F, at that time

water vapor in the atmosphere will condense

the troposphere is the atmosphere layer where

weather occurs

air pressure is due to the

weight if overlying air

the Coriolis Effect turns

wind and ocean surface currents

earth's surface receives more solar radiation near the equator at the poles. this is uneven heating of earth's surface produces

winds

suppose that the air has reached its dew point. the relative humidity is

100%

why don't the global winds moving from the north pole to the south pole follow a straight path?

All of the above: objects moving in straight paths above earth's surface appear to be turning to observes on the ground, the Coriolis Effect comes into play, Earth rotates under the wind

the change of water vapor to liquid is called

Condensation

what is the scientific name for the dark, tall, puffy clouds that indicate a thunderstorm is coming?

Cumulonimbus clouds