Chapter 35 STUDY GUIDE
when water changes from a liquid to a vapor, it
absorbs heat from the environment
the angle at which the Sun's rays strike the Earth has a great effect on
all of the above: earth's seasons, the way climate varies with latitude, the intensity of solar energy received at earth's surface
warmer temperatures can be expected
behind an advancing warm front
the ocean current called the Gulf stream
carries heat from the gulf of mexico to the north american coast and northern europe
suppose that you saw clouds that were high in the sky and that looked like wispy stands of tattered cloth. an hour later, it started to rain. the clouds you noticed were
cirrus clouds
how are weather and climate related?
climate is the average weather over a period of many years
you feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are
condensing on your skin
evaporation of raindrops in the atmosphere
cools the air
daylight and nighttime hours are equal
during the equinoxes
As an air parcel rises, it
expands and cools
most ocean surface currents are due to
global winds
trade winds are an example of
global winds
what slows the escape of long-wave radiation form Earth's surface
greenhouse gases
if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, Earth's average global temperature will
increase
a parcel pf air will rise as long as it is
less dense than surrounding air
the troposphere is warmed mostly by
long-wave radition
an air mass contains warm, moist air is a
maritime tropical air mass
which of the following is NOT produced by water in the atmosphere
ocean currents
a sea breeze is a local wind that blows at night from a region
over the ocean toward land
the gases that make up 99% if earth's atmosphere are
oxygen and nitrogen
The temperature to which air must be cooled for saturation to occur is called
precipitation
wind is due to
pressure differences in the atmosphere
which of these factors are effective in moving heat from one location to another?
rain
as the temperature rises, how does this affect relative humidity?
relative humidity decreases as temperature rises
cyclones are areas of low pressure. They are associated with
rough weather
the elements of weather include
temperature and precipatation
on what day of the year does the north pole tilt most directly toward the sun
the summer solstice
almost all energy of earth comes directly or indirectly from
the sun
the seasons are primarily due to
the tilt of earths axis
the underlying cause of weather is that heat flows from
warm regions to cold regions
going in order from the most significant to the least, greenhouse gases include
water vapor and carbon dioxide
the Dew Point in Houston on March 3 at 6:00 a.m. is 38 F. This means that when the air temperature there reaches 38 F, at that time
water vapor in the atmosphere will condense
the troposphere is the atmosphere layer where
weather occurs
air pressure is due to the
weight if overlying air
the Coriolis Effect turns
wind and ocean surface currents
earth's surface receives more solar radiation near the equator at the poles. this is uneven heating of earth's surface produces
winds
suppose that the air has reached its dew point. the relative humidity is
100%
why don't the global winds moving from the north pole to the south pole follow a straight path?
All of the above: objects moving in straight paths above earth's surface appear to be turning to observes on the ground, the Coriolis Effect comes into play, Earth rotates under the wind
the change of water vapor to liquid is called
Condensation
what is the scientific name for the dark, tall, puffy clouds that indicate a thunderstorm is coming?
Cumulonimbus clouds