Chapter 4-7 Homework

The adult hip bone consists of _____ regions.

3

Identify the articulation site for the femur.

Acetabulum

A Caucasian patient with pale skin is treated for low blood pressure with medication that elevates the blood pressure; however, the skin's pallor does not change. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the pallor in this patient?

Anemia

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?

Atlas

Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no".

Atlas-Axis

What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?

Axis

Identify the major weight bearing part of a vertebra.

Body

Which muscle cell type has visible striations but is not under voluntary control?

Cardiac

Which bone articulates in the acetabulum?

Femur

Which of the following foramen convey a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?

Foramen rotundum

Which of the following bones is unpaired?

Frontal

Identify the socket of the shoulder joint.

Glenoid Cavity

Diabetics with poor lower limb circulation often have slow-healing pressure ulcers on the bottom of their feet. In speeding up the healing process, surgical removal (debridement) of dead tissue from an ulcerative area would encourage increased __________.

Granulation Tissue Formation

Identify the landmark found on the diaphysis of the femur.

Linea aspera

Identify the region of the scapula that articulates with the clavicle.

acromion process

Which of the following hormones is currently thought to decrease plasma calcium levels in pregnant women and children?

calcitonin

PTH promotes the formation of which hormone?

calcitriol

Which hormone works directly in the intestine to increase plasma calcium levels?

calcitriol

The skin is permeable to organic solvents, such as acetone or turpentine, because they ________.

can dissolve the lipid bilayers of epidermal and dermal cell plasma membranes

Identify the process on the scapula that does not articulate with another bone.

coracoid process

Why would a third-degree burn be less painful than a first- or second-degree burn involving the same body area?

destruction of underlying pain receptors

The hip bone is part of the axial skeleton. T/F

false

Identify the bone found lateral to the tibia.

fibula

If a large number of whiteheads appear on the skin of the forehead, which of the following would result?

fine hairs on the forehead would become brittle the forehead's skin would become dry bacteria on the forehead's skin would grow and multiply freely

Bones do NOT have a role in __________. support blood cell formation glycogen production movement fat storage

glycogen production

Identify the region of the femur that forms part of the hip joint.

head

Fetal vertebrae develop through endochondral ossification from a preexisting __________ model. Fracture repair of these same bones involves the formation of __________ callus.

hyaline cartilage; a fibrocartilage

There are several components to a functional osteon. Changes to which of the following components would make the bones less strong overall and cause the bones to bend under a person's body weight?

hydroxyapatite

The ridge like superior edge of the ilium is known as the _____.

iliac crest

Since mastoid infections may spread to the brain, surgical removal of the mastoid process was once considered to be the best way to prevent brain inflammation. Unfortunately, this also had the side-effect of causing ____________.

impaired head and neck movements

Which of the following would NOT be a way that parathyroid hormone (PTH) could alter plasma calcium levels? (Which one of the following is FALSE?) increase reabsorption of calcium in the kidney increase osteoblasts on bone increase osteoclasts

increase osteoblasts on bone

Which of the following landmarks can be found on both the tibia and fibula?

malleoli

A cleft palate arises when the right and left _____________ bones fail to fuse medially during fetal development.

maxillae

The flat surface of the tibia that articulates with the femur is the superior surface of which landmark?

medial and lateral condyles

Identify the best description for the location of the head of the femur.

medial and proximal

Identify the anatomical landmark resulting in a noticeable bump found on the medial surface of the ankle.

medial malleolus

The condition known as a "fractured hip" is most often a break in the femur. Where is the femur particularly susceptible to a fracture?

neck

Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.

occipital condyles

Osteoid-producing osteoblasts must rely upon this organelle to produce primary structures leading to the formation of collagen and calcium-binding proteins.

ribosomes

What region of the vertebral column does the hip bone articulate with?

sacral region

During cold weather, blood vessels located in the dermis undergo vasoconstriction restricting blood flow into the skin. This produces additional body heat by routing blood to what effector organ?

skeletal muscle

The source of the fluid that accumulates in a blister is________.

the plasma of the blood flowing through the numerous dermal blood vessels

Name the bone that articulates with the distal end of the femur.

tibia

Identify the blunt elevation found on the anterior surface of the tibia between the lateral and medial condyles.

tibial tuberosity

Identify the landmark that is unique to the femur.

trochanter

The hip bones make up the pelvic girdle. T/F

true

Which tissue type consists of a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity?

Epithelial Tissue

Which of the following is the largest region of the hip bone?

Ilium

Which region of the hip bone articulates with the sacrum?

Ilium

Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it.

Inferior Articular Processes

Why does your skin remain red after a bad sunburn?

Inflammation causes increased blood flow.

Which landmark of the hip bone can be felt on a hard chair?

Ischial tuberosity

Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium? Occipital bone Lacrimal bone Sphenoid bone Ethmoid bone

Lacrimal Bone

Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.

Lesser Wings

Predict what would happen if a lung's visceral membrane were pulled away from its parietal membrane still attached to the chest wall.

Loss of membrane adhesive force would cause lung collapse.

Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus?

Nasal

Besides oxygen, what other bloodborne material must be provided to the affected tissues in adequate quantities to promote normal wound healing?

Nutrients

Identify the large hole found in hip bone.

Obturator foramen

Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes".

Occipital bone- atlas

What regions of the hip bones articulate to form a symphysis?

Right and left pubic bodies

The scapula is the site of origin of a group of muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint. Identify this muscle group.

Rotator Cuff

Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones

Sagittal suture

Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.

Sella turcica

The proximal tubule of the nephron (kidney tubule) in the kidney is composed of which type of epithelium?

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

The wall of the alveolus (air sac) in the lung is composed of which type of epithelium?

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Which of the three muscle cell types has multiple nuclei?

Skeletal

Which part of the neuron (a specialized nerve cell) receives signals from other cells and is also the main metabolic region of the neuron?

Soma

Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?

Sphenoid

Which of the following landmarks is found on the posterior surface of the scapula?

Spine

Name the vertebral projection found in a median plane.

Spinous process

The epithelium of the esophagus is composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Identify the bone that articulates with the distal end of the femur.

Tibia

Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra.

Transverse Process

Which survival need shortage would most affect articular cartilage's ability to rebound after joint compression, and why does it have this effect?

Water, since it makes up to 80% of cartilage's content and helps cushion articular bone surfaces.