chapter 4

D

23) The ethical "no free lunch" rule states that: A) if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time. B) one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost. C) one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action. D) if something someone else has created is useful to you, it has value, and you should assume the creator wants compensation for this work. E) if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.

B

24) According to ________, you should take the action that produces the least harm. A) Kant's categorical imperative B) the risk aversion principle C) the utilitarian principle D) the Golden Rule E) the "no free lunch" rule

A

25) Which ethical rule states that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all? A) Slippery-slope rule B) Lemming rule C) High-failure cost rule D) Utilitarian principle E) Golden Rule

D

26) Which of the following ethical guidelines suggests that you put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as the object of the decision? A) Kant's categorical imperative B) the risk aversion principle C) the utilitarian principle D) the Golden Rule E) the "no free lunch" rule

A

3) The obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property involve which of the following moral dimensions of the information age? A) Property rights and obligations B) System quality C) Accountability and control D) Information rights and obligations E) Quality of life

E

4) The obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within which of the following moral dimensions of the information age? A) Family and home B) Property rights and obligations C) System quality D) Accountability and control E) Quality of life

C

5) Which of the following is not one of the current key technology trends that raises ethical issues? A) Data storage improvements B) Data analysis advancements C) Increase in data quality D) Increase in use of mobile devices E) Advances in networking technology

E

6) Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of DoubleClick involve? A) Property rights and obligations B) System quality C) Accountability and control D) Quality of life E) Information rights and obligations

A

7) The use of computers to assemble data from different sources to create digital dossiers of detailed information about individuals is known as which of the following? A) Profiling B) Phishing C) Spamming D) Targeting E) Spyware

C

8) Which of the following is a data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources? A) HIPAA B) FIP C) NORA D) COPPA E) Spyware

D

22) Which of the following best describes Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative? A) If an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time. B) One should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost. C) One can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action. D) If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take. E) You should act towards others as you would like them to act towards you.

B

1) Which of the following best describes how new information systems can result in legal gray areas? A) They work with networked, digital data, which are more difficult to control than information stored manually. B) They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws. C) They are implemented by technicians rather than managers. D) They are created from sets of logical and technological rules rather than social or organizational mores. E) They are little understood by politicians or lawyers.

A

16) ________ means that you accept the potential costs and obligations for the decisions you make. A) Responsibility B) Accountability C) Liability D) Due process E) Duty

B

17) ________ is a feature of social institutions that means mechanisms are in place to determine responsibility for an action. A) Due process B) Accountability C) The courts of appeal D) The judicial system E) Liability

B

18) ________ is a feature of law-governed society and involves having laws that are known and understood, along with the ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly. A) Liability B) Due process C) Responsibility D) Accountability E) The judicial system

A

19) All of the following are steps in the process for analyzing an ethical issue except: A) assigning responsibility. B) identifying the stakeholders. C) identifying the options you can reasonably take. D) identifying and clearly describing the facts. E) identifying the potential consequences of your options..

B

2) Which of the following best describes the effect that new information technology has on society? A) It has a dampening effect on the discourse of business ethics. B) It has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues. C) It is beneficial for society as a whole, while raising dilemmas for consumers. D) It has a waterfall effect in raising ever more complex ethical issues. E) It has a magnifying effect, creating increasing numbers of ethical issues.

A

20) A colleague at work takes small amounts of office supplies for her own personal use, saying that this is a tiny loss to the company. You tell her that if everyone were to take office supplies, then the loss would no longer be minimal. Your rationale expresses which of the following ethical principles? A) Kant's Categorical Imperative B) The Golden Rule C) The Risk Aversion Principle D) The "No free lunch" rule E) The slippery-slope rule

B

21) A man steals from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. Which of the following best expresses the utilitarian principle in evaluating this situation? A) His action is acceptable, because the grocer suffers the least harm. B) His action is acceptable, because the higher social value is the survival of the family. C) His action is wrong, because the man would not want the grocer to steal from him. D) His action is wrong, because if everyone were to do this, the concept of personal property is defeated. E) His action is wrong, because the grocery store owner is harmed.

E

9) Which of the following is not an example of the potential dark side of big data? A) Police visits to individuals whom a computer system identified as likely to commit a crime in the future. B) Use of a device installed in a car to analyze driving habits. C) Use of a predictive modeling system that predicts life expectancy by using data about individual consumers' buying habits as well as personal and family medical histories. D) Use of computerized systems to filter and hire job applicants. E) Analyzing data from sensors installed in local parks to monitor soil moisture.