Chapter 4 Cell Structure

What is the the function of the Golgi Apparatus?

Cellular secretion

What is the the function of the the Vacuole?

Cellular storage

Microtubules

-Are composed of tubulin subunits - Make up the core of cilia and flagella

Intermediate filament

-Are not involved in cell motility -Maintain cell shape by resisting compression

Select all of the correct statements about the extracellular matrix found in animals. -A. It forms rigid cell walls made of cellulose. -B. It is located inside cells. -C. Its functions include protecting cells within tissues. -D. It contains water and a network of proteins and can be flexible.

-C. Its functions include protecting cells within tissues. -D. It contains water and a network of proteins and can be flexible.

Identify the components of the extracellular matrix and its associated structures in the diagram below.

-Collegen -Intergrin -Plasma membrane -proteoglycans -Cytoskeleton filament

Plasma Membrane

-Creates a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell -Regulates transport of molecules into and out of the cell

Actin Filament (Microfilament)

-Function in muscle contraction -Plays a role in the cleavage furrow formation during cell division -fix certain organelles in place

Prokaryotic Cell

-Has a simple structure -Is a generally small cell -Does not have membrane-bound organelles -DNA is not bounded inside a membrane

Electron Microscope

-High Cost -Preparation Kills Living Cells -Bounces Electrons Off Object -Can Observe Details On Opaque Samples

Eukaryotic Cell

-Is a generally large cell -Has a complex structure -Has membrane-bound organelles -DNA is bounded inside the membrane

Light Microscope

-Requires Thin Sample -Uses Visible Light -Affordable -Can Be Used With Living Cells

Identify the structures within and surrounding the nucleus in the illustration below.

-Ribosomes -Nucleolus -Nuclear Envelope -Endoplasmic Reticulum -Chromatin

Which organelle has a smooth outer membrane, an extensively folder inner membrane, and is the site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells? -A. Rough ER -B. Nucleus -C. Mitochondria -D. Lysosome

. C. Mitochondria

Nearly all eukaryotic cells contain a class of small, round organelles that contain oxidative enzymes. The enzymes break down organic substances via oxidation reactions. What are these organelles called? -A. Peroxisome -B. Chloroplast -C. Ribosome -D. Lysosome

A. Peroxisome

This organelle is part of the endomembrane system of the cell and looks like flattened sacs of membranes. It is often referred to as the "post office" of the cell because it sorts, modifies, and repackages proteins and lipids. It then ships the products in vesicles to other parts of the cell or to the plasma membrane, where they may exit the cell. However, this organelle does not participate in the synthesis of proteins and lipids. -A. Rough ER -B. Golgi Apparatus -C. Mitochondria -D. Nucleus

B. Golgi Apparatus

Which cellular structure synthesizes proteins? -A. Rough ER -B. Nucleus -C. Ribosome -D. Lysosome

C. Ribosomes

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Cellular respiration

What is the the function of the nucleus?

Control center of the cell

Which of the following eukaryotic cell parts is found in the cytoplasm, transports organelles from one location within the cell to another, and is composed of interconnected protein fibers? A. Endoplasmic Reticulum B. Cell Wall C. Chromatin D. Cytoskeleton

D. Cytoskeleton

Which cellular component is a membrane-bound organelle that digests nutrients and cellular waste? -A. Smooth ER -B. Golgi Apparatus -C. Mitochondria -D. Lysosome

D. Lysosome

Magnification

How big or small a specimen looks. -Low = lowest magnification power and smaller image. High= Higher magnification power and more bigger zoomed in picture.

Resolving Power

How focus or clear a specimen looks. -Low= more blurry -High= Clean image

What is the the function of the Cell wall?

Protection for the cell

The genome of an organism is the complete set of DNA that includes all of the organism's genes. Where is the genomic DNA stored in a prokaryotic cell?

Nucleoid

What is the the function of the Chloroplast?

Photosynthesis

What is the the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Synthesis of protein and lipids

Which tenet of cell theory is described by the following paragraph about the historical observations of cells? The first cell was discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke, who observed non-living cells of cork using a crude microscope and noted that they looked like tiny "rooms in which a monk might live." Almost one decade later, Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed the first living cells, which he dubbed "animalcules," meaning "little animals." Scientists continued to use these early microscopes to observe cells for over a century, and repeatedly found the cell to be the discrete unit of life. These observations culminated in 1824 with Rene Dutrochet declaring the cell to be "the fundamental element of organization."

The cell is a basic unit of every organism