Chapter 4 Construction Types and occupancy classifications
What type of structures have no more than two dwellings unitws
One and Two family dwelling units
What type of occupancy provides lodging, boarding, and personnel care to 4 or more residents who are unrelated to owner?
Residential Board and Care Occupancies
What type of occupancies provide sleeping accomodations under conditions other than those defined for healthcare or detention and correctional facallities?
Residential ocupancies
The small amount of combustible materials that are allowed in Type 1 construction deal with?
Some types of roof coverings, wood trim, finished floor and wall coverings.
What type of occupancy is used to store goods, merchandise, products, vehicles, or animals?
Storage occupancies
In United States Construction every structure is composed of?
Structural Frame, Load bearing walls, Exterior and Interior non bearing walls, Floor and Roof construction
What are the majority of the building codes based on?
The NFPA, International Code Council (ICC)
What can compromise the fire resistance and life safety of a Type 1 structure?
The combustible materials that the owner/occupant place in structure such as furniture, wall and window coverings, stock, and merchandise.
What defines the level of care that applies to a mixed occupancy at a Day-Care Occupancies
The highest risk population
What are the outside and inside walls made of in Type III construction?
The outside walls are made of noncombustible materials and the inside walls are made of any material permitted by code
What type of construction is composed of only noncombustible or limited combustible materials that provide the highest safety?
Type 1 Construction
What type of construction is composed of material that will not contribute to fire development and spread but do not meet the stricter requirements of Type 1 Construction?
Type II Construction
What type of construction is used to build churches, schools, apartment dwellings, and merchantile structures
Type III construction
What type of construction is refered to Heavy Timber construction
Type IV
The construction commonly known as wood frame is?
Type V
When an inspector is reviewing plans for the construction of a new structure what two questions should be asked?
Whats the buildings purpose or intended use? How and what materials will the building be constructed?
What are the 12 occupancy classifications?
assembly, business, educational, day care, factory/industrial, institutional, mechantile, residential, residential board and care, storage, utility/miscel., multiple
What are the examples of utlity/miscellanous occupancies?
barns, livestock shelters, carports, towers, sheds, fences over 6', retaing walls
What type of occupancy is used for the purpose of educating six or more persons from preK to 12th grade
educational occupancies
What type of occupancy providies health or medical services to four or more individuals who cannot evacuate themselfs without assistance from the staff or firefighters
health care and Ambulatory health care occupancies
What type of facallities are included in the NFPA Institutional occupancies
health care, Ambulatory health care, Detention or correctional, Residential Board care, day care
What is the only way that a room or boarding house be located above a mercantile occupancy
if it is seperated by a 1hr fire seperation wall or the mercantile occupancy has sprinklers
What are the most common used construction materials in Type II Construction
metal framing members, metal cladding or concrete blocks for the walls with metal deck roofs supported by unprotected ope web steel joist.
When a structure has two or more very different types of activities occuring within them it is called?
multiple use occupancies
How are residential occupancies divided?
one or two family homes, lodging or rooming houses, hotel, dormitory, apartment building
what are some other uses of Educational occupancies?
spectator events, food preperation, lab experiments, industrial maching areas
What type of occupaccies is classified by the ICC alone and are giving to structures that don't fall under any other classification?
utliity/miscellanous occupancies
When inspecting Type III structues was should the inspector look for
voids inside wood truss created by roof and truss systems, Old Type III const. that have gone renovation and have large voids above ceilings and in floors, load carry capacity,
What are different types of facallities that are considered storage facallities
warehouses, storage units, freight terminals, parking garages, aircraft hangers, grain elevators, bars, stables
What happens in a healthcare facality when more than one life safety code applies?
when this situation occurs both code documents are used in conjuction to ensure all requirements have been met
Can you find unprotected steel and aluminum framing in Type III construction?
yes
What are the size and fire resistance requirements of Type IV construction materials?
All building materials made of wood must adhere to minimum dimension sizes. Anything used not composed of wood must have a fire resistance rating of 1 hour
What type of building may be a single or multistory structure containing 3 or more independent dwelling units with cooking and bathrooms in each?
Apartment buildings
In the ICC building codes educational rooms and auditoriums that have less than 100 occupants are classified as
Assembly occupancies
What type of occupancy is any building or structure, or component that is used for gathering 50 or more people
Assembly occupancies
What type of occupancy provides a work place for a large number of occupants in a office enviorment?
Business Occupancies
What can alter the original automatic sprinkler discharge pattern in a mercantile occupancy
Changes in displays
What are the different Assembly standards under the NFPA?
Class A = over 1000 Class B = 301-1000 Class C = 50 - 300
What is an example of combustble materials use in a noncombustble Type 2 building
Combustible roof systems, flooring, display area's, balconies and wall coverings for asethetic purposes
What type of occupancy provides care, matience, and supervision of persons any age for a period less than 24 hrs a day.
Day-Care occupancies
What does the occupancy classification accomplish for the inspector?
Defines the use of all portions of a building and helps to gain reasonable expectations of the level of hazards in a building
What type of stores are in a mecantile occupancies
Department stores, pharmacies, supermarkets, shopping centers, malls, other retail locations
What is an occupancy that the occupants are under restraint and are prevented from taking anything but limited life-preservation actions without direct assistance from staff personnel?
Detention and Correctioal occupancies
What type of building provides sleeping accomodations to 16 or more people who are not related?
Dormitory
What is the incorrect reference to Type 1 construction?
Fireproof
What are examples of a Incidental Use Occupancy
Furnace rooms, parking garages, incinerator rooms, labs and vocational shops, waste and linen closets over 100 sq ft
What are the three classifications the NFPA have for Factory/Industrial Occupancies?
General Purpose, Special Purpose, High Hazard
Examples of a Business occupancy re
General office, doctors Air traffic control tower, city hall, courthouse colleges, dry cleaners, barber
When the inspector is reviewing plans for a renovation what other questions need to be asked?
Have either the purpose or construction materials of building changed since last inspection? What affect will the changes have on the fire and life safety provisions for the structure?
What is a building that provides sleeping rooms for transients?
Hotel
What is the limitation of glued laminated beams?
It occurs when other materials not classified as Heavy Timber are used. For example if a laminated beam is supported by a steel column then the structure could not be classified Type IV
what type of structure provides sleeping accomodations for rent?
Lodging or rooming houses
Any building that is used to display or sell mechandise is what type of occupancy
Mecantile occupancies
What is an occupancy that contains multiple occupancies?
Mixed use
What NFPA codes govern institutional occupancies
NFPA 1 and 101
What NFPA standard seperates day care and residential board and care into their own catergory while ICC and NBC group them similar
NFPA 101
What are the NFPA codes that describe educational occupancies as structures that is used by 6 or more persons and meet for more than 4 hrs a day and 12 hrs a week
NFPA 101 and 5000
