Chapter 4 muscles of the spine and thorax group

Drawing the ventral part of the ribs upward would?

Shorten the external intercostals

Compression of the abdominal contents would?

Shorten the transverse abdominis

Intertransversarii origin?

Spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae C-2 to C-7, and spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae L-1 to L-5.

Which edge of the quadratus lumborum is accessible from the side of the torso?

lateral edge

Passive __ __ of the head and neck would shorten the splenuis cervis

lateral flexion (Splenus Cervis)

the origin of the internal oblique

lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

what does the quadratus lumborum do?

unilaterally abducts trunk

The insertion of the rectus capitis posterior minor

inferior nuchal line of the occiput (Rectus Capitis) Minor

The insertion of the longissimus

Lower 9 ribs and tvps of the thoracic vertebrae, the tvps of the cervical vertebrae, mastiod process

what does the internal oblique do?

Supports abdominal wall, and rotates trunk (synergists)

What superficial ligament can be felt between the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae?

Supraspinous

Pyramidalis insertion?

Linea alba

the origin of the external oblique

external surfaces of the fifth to twelfth ribs

what does the rectus abdominus do?

flex the trunk(synergists)

Passive ___ of the spine would lengthen the iliocastals

flexion (Iliocastals)

The insertion of the rectus capitis posterior major

inferior nuchal line of the occiput (Rectus Capitis)Major

The origin of the splenius capitis

inferior one-half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of c-7 to T-4

Passive ____ ____ of the spine to the same side would shorten the longissimus

lateral flexion (Longissimus)

The origin of the quadratus lumborum

posterior iliac crest

the erector spinae is the antagonist to?

rectus abdominus and trunk flexors

rotating your trunk to the _______ would engage your left internal oblique muscle?

right

The origin of the splenius cervicis

spinous processes of T-3 to T-6 splenius cervicis

The insertion of thesplenius capitis

spinous processes of T-3 to T-6 thesplenius capitis

Interspinalis origin and insertion?

Cervical: Spanning the spinous processes of C-2 to T-3 and Lumbar T-12 to L-5.

The thoracolumbar aponeurosis serves as an attachment site for which two muscles?

Erector spinae group and latissimus dorsi

Interspinalis action?

Extend the vertebral column (deep to isolate)

The ligamentum nuchae spans between which two bony landmark?

External Occipital Protuberance, Spinous Process

Intertransversarii action?

Lateral flexion of vertebral column extend laterally flex and stabilize vertebral column

Passive rotation of the vertebral column to the same side would?

Lengthen the external oblique

Passive rotation of the vertebral column to the opposite side would?

Lengthen the internal oblique

Pyramidalis action and location

Located superficial to the rectus abdominis, this small muscle is absent in roughly 20% of the population

The abdominal aorta is located where in relationship to the psoas major?

Medial

the origin of the transverse abdominis

lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower six ribs

the origin of the rectus abdominis

pubic crest

To contact the lower fibers of the erector spinae group in a prone position, you could ask your partner to perform what action?

raise and lower his feet slightly

Passive ____ of the spine to the same side would lengthen the multifidi

rotation (Multifidi)

Passive ___of the head to the opposite side would lengthen the oblique capitis inferior

rotation (Oblique Capitis Inferior)

Passive ___of the head to the same side would shorten the rectus capitis posterior major

rotation (Rectus Capitis)

Passive ____of the spine to the opposite would shorten the rotatores

rotation (Rotatores)

unlike the long, vertical erector fibers, the branches of the transversospinalis group consist of many___ fibers

short diagonal

the insertion of the multifidi

spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra(each belly spanning 2-4 vertebrae)

The origin of the spinalis

spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, ligamentum muchae, sinous process of C-7

The insertion of the spinalis

spinous processes of the upper thoracic, spinous processes of cervical except C-1

The splenius capitis is a deep muscle except on the lateral side of the neck where it is superficial between which two muscles?

trapezius and sternocleidomastiod

when exploring between the scapulae, can you name two muscles through which you will have to palpate to access the deeper erector spinae fibers?

trapezius, rhomboids, or serratus anterior

The origin of the rectus capitis posterior minor

tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas

The origin of the semispinalis capitis

transverse process C-4 to T-5

The insertion of the capitis inferior

transverse process of the atlas (Capitis Inferior)

The origin of the oblique capitis superior

transverse process of the atlas (Oblique Capitis Superior)

The insertion of the splenius cervicis

tranverse processes of c-1 to c-3

The insertion of the iliocostalis

tvps of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of rubs 6-12, posterior surface of ribs 1-6, tvps of lower cervicals

which three bony landmarks can help you to isolate the borders of the quadratus lumborum?

twelfth rib, posterior iliac crest, transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae

what does the transverse abdominus do?

Compress abdominal contents

To feel the ligamentum nuchae change tension underneath your finger, what two passive movements can you perform at the head?

Flexion and Extension at the haed

Pyramidalis origin?

Pubic symphysis

Increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity would?

Shorten the diaphragm's fibers

The origin of the rotatores

Tvps of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

the insertion of the transverse abdominis

abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

the insertion of the external oblique

anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba.

The insertion of the oblique capitis superior

between the nuchal lines of the occiput

The insertion of the semispinalis capitis

between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occiput

the insertion of the rectus abdominis

cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and the xiphoid process

the insertion of the diaphragm

central tendon

when the diaphragm muscle fibers contract, what connective tissue structure is pulled inferiorly?

central tendon diaphragm muscle fibers

The origin of the iliocostalis

common tendon(lumborum), posterior surface of the ribs 1-12

The origin of the longissimus

common tendon, tvps of upper five thoracic vertebrae

what is the primary muscle of respiration

diaphram

Passive ____of the head and neck would shorten the splenus capitis

extension (Splenus Capitis

you are palpating lateral to the edge of the rectus abdominis and the fibers you feel are superficial and running at an angle. which muscle is this?

external oblique

The origin of the diaphragm

inner surface of lower six ribs, upper two or three lumbar vertebrae and inner part of xiphoid process

the insertion of the internal oblique

internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponerurosis to linea alba

as a group, the transversospinalis muscles can be easily located along the____ of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

lamina groove

the insertion of the quadratus lumborum

last rib and transverse processes of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae

What action could you ask your partner to perform to feel the quadratus lumborum contract?

laterally tilt the hip

name two muscles which you would have to palpate to access various portions of the intercoastals

latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, and external oblique

Rotating the head to the left demands the contraction of which splenius capitis --- left of right?

left (splenius capitis)

when is it best to move your fingers as you curl them underneath the rib cage to feel the diaphragm?

only as your partner exhales

Which abdominal muscle runs vertically from the rib cage to the pubic crest?

rectus abdominus

To distinguish the trapezius fibers from the splenius capitis fibers, you could ask your partner to perform what action?

rotate his head slightly toward the side you are palpating

what does the external oblique do?

rotates trunk, supports abdominal wall (synergists)

Passive ____of the head and neck to the opposite side would lengthen the splenius capitis

rotation (Splenius Capitis)

the origin of the multifidi

sacrum and tvps of the lumbar through cervical verebrae

The most medial branch of the erector spinae group is the___,while the most lateral is the___

spinalis, iliocostals

What two bony landmarks and one region can be helpful to isolate the location of the suboccipitals?

spinous process of C-2,TVPs of c-1, the space between the superior nuchael line of the occiput and c-2

The origin of the oblique capitis inferior

spinous process of the axis (Oblique Capitis)

The origin of the rectus capitis posterior major

spinous process of the axis (Rectus Capitis)

The insertion of the rotatores

spinous process of the lumbar vertebrae through the second vertebrae(each belly spanning 1-2 vertebrae)

How can the upper fibers of the trapezius be helpful in location the suboccipitals?

the trapezius's lateral edges is the same width as the suboccipitals

In the lumbar region, the erectors lie deep to what connective tissue structure?

thoracolumbar