Chapter 4 -Quiz BIO

The sodium potassium pump uses energy in the form of what?

ATP

What is the difference between active and passive transport? Make sure to talk about energy and high/low or low/high***Definite test question

Active transport is the transport of a substance across the cell membrane against its concentration gradient(low to high) requires cell to use energy supplied by ATP. Passive transport is movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy from the cell (High to low).

What type of protein is used during facilitated diffusion?

Carrier protein

The random motion of particles of substance that causes a substance to move from an areas of high concentration to an area of low concentration is what?

Diffusion

What is diffusion?

Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration caused by random motion of particles of a substance.

What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration caused by random motion of particles of a substance. Osmosis is a special type of diffusion that involves water(moves from high-> low concentration)

Molecules that are too large to fit through the membrane are brought into the cell by what process? Molecules that are too large to fit through the membrane are brought out of the cell by what process?

Endocytosis Exocytosis

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Endocytosis is the movement of a substance into the cell by a vesicle. Exocytosis is the movement of a substance by a vesicle out of the cell.

What doesn't a cell use (expend) during diffusion but does during active transport?

Energy

At the end of diffusion, the concentrations on both sides of the membrane are at what?

Equilibrium

What is the difference between isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic? What does each do to the cell?

Isotonic is the equal movement in and out of the cell.(stays the same) Hypotonic is fluid outside the cell has low concentration of dissolved particles than the cytoplasm(inside cell has high concentration .(swells) Hypertonic is fluid outside cell has higher concentration of dissolved particles than the cytoplasm(outside has low concentration of water).(shrinks)

Ion channels are active or passive transport?

Passive

Osmosis is what type of transport-active or passive?

Passive

Is facilitated diffusion active or passive transport? Does it require energy? What is facilitated diffusion?

Passive transport Does not require energy Transport of substances across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration by means of a carrier protein

Why is the cell membrane selectively permeable?

The cell membrane is selectively permeable because it lets some substances go through but does not let others.

In the sodium-potassium pump, how many sodium and how many potassium are moved against their concentration gradients? What directions are they moved (into or out of the cell)?

Three sodium ions and two potassium ions are moved against their concentration gradient. The sodium ions are moved out of the cell, and the potassium ions are moved into the cell.

What are the four examples of passive transport?

1. Diffusion 2. Osmosis 3.Ion Channels 4. Facilitated Diffusion

What are the three examples of active transport?

1. Sodium Potassium Pump 2. Endocytosis 3. Exocytosis

Substances, without the input of energy, usually go from high to low concentration or from low to high concentration?

High to low concentration

If a cell shrinks, what type of concentration was it put in-hypertonic or hypotonic?

Hypertonic

If a cell swells, what type of concentration was it put in-hypertonic or hypotonic?

Hypotonic