Chapter 4 Study Set
Ionic compounds have high melting points and conduct electricity if melted or dissolved in water.
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
Metals and Nonmetals
What are the two main types of elements?
A cation is an atom that has lost one or more electrons, giving it a positive charge.
What is a cation?
A chemical formula expresses the types of atoms and the number of each type of atom in a given compound.
What is a chemical formula?
A compound is a distinct substance that is composed of the atoms of two or more elements and always contains exactly the same relative masses of those elements.
What is a compound?
An anion is an atom that had gained one or more electrons, giving it a negative charge.
What is an anion?
An ion is an atom that gained or lost electrons.
What is an ion?
An isotope is an atom with the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons.
What is an isotope?
A pale green gas
What is chlorine at 25 degrees Celsius?
A pale yellow gas
What is fluorine at 25 degrees Celsius?
A colorless gas
What is hydrogen at 25 degrees Celsius?
A colorless gas
What is nitrogen at 25 degrees Celsius?
A pale blue gas
What is oxygen at 25 degrees Celsius?
The number of protons
What is the Atomic Number of an atom equal to?
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons
What is the Mass Number of an atom equal to?
29
What is the mass number of Aluminum-29?
William Thompson
Who created the Plum Pudding Model?
Demetri Mendeleve
Who created the periodic table?
J.J. Thompson
Who postulated the existence of electrons?
Ernest Rutherford
Who said that electrons travel around the nucleus?
Ernest Rutherford
Who was a student of J.J. Thompson?
Protons and electrons
Atoms have equal numbers of which particles of an atom?
3+
How many electrons does Aluminum gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Barium gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Beryllium gain or lose?
3+/5+
How many electrons does Bismuth gain or lose?
-
How many electrons does Bromine gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Cadmium gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Calcium gain or lose?
+
How many electrons does Cesium gain or lose?
-
How many electrons does Chlorine gain or lose?
2+/3+
How many electrons does Chromium gain or lose?
2+/3+
How many electrons does Cobalt gain or lose?
+/2+
How many electrons does Copper gain or lose?
-
How many electrons does Fluorine gain or lose?
3+
How many electrons does Gallium gain or lose?
+/3+
How many electrons does Gold gain or lose?
+
How many electrons does Lithium gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Magnesium gain or lose?
2+/4+
How many electrons does Manganese gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Mercury gain or lose?
3-
How many electrons does Nitrogen gain or lose?
2-
How many electrons does Oxygen gain or lose?
3-
How many electrons does Phosphorous gain or lose?
2+/4+
How many electrons does Polonium gain or lose?
+
How many electrons does Potassium gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Strontium gain or lose?
2-
How many electrons does Sulfur gain or lose?
2-
How many electrons does Tellurium gain or lose?
+/3+
How many electrons does Thallium gain or lose?
2+/4+
How many electrons does Tin gain or lose?
3+/4+
How many electrons does Titanium gain or lose?
6+
How many electrons does Tungsten gain or lose?
3+/5+
How many electrons does Vanadium gain or lose?
30
How many known elements (according to the Chemistry Book) are man-made?
80
Scientists thought the atom was the smallest matter how many years ago?
Gold, Platinum, and Silver
What are the Noble Metals?
+
How many electrons does Rubidium gain or lose?
3+
How many electrons does Scandium gain or lose?
2-
How many electrons does Selenium gain or lose?
+
How many electrons does Silver gain or lose?
+
How many electrons does Sodium gain or lose?
3+
How many electrons does Yttrium gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Zinc gain or lose?
Ernest Rutherford
Who said that protons have the same magnitude of charge as electrons?
Ernest Rutherford
Who said that the Plum Pudding Model was wrong?
J.J. Thompson
Who said that the atom must contain positive and negative particles?
William Thompson
Who was later known as Lord Kelvin?
3+/5+
How many electrons does Antimony gain or lose?
3-
How many electrons does Arsenic gain or lose?
Metals are efficient conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, and most have a shiny appearance.
What are the physical properties of metals?
A different form of a given element
What is an allotrope?
A reddish brown liquid
What is bromine at 25 degrees Celsius?
A lustrous, dark purple solid
What is iodine at 25 degrees Celsius?
Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms. All atoms of a given element are identical. The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element. Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds, and a given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms. Atoms are indivisible by chemical means and not created or destroyed in chemical reactions.
What is said in Dalton's atomic theory?
Ernest Rutherford and Chadwick
Who postulated the neutron?
Ernest Rutherford
Who said that atoms have nuclei?
-
How many electrons does Astatine gain or lose?
+
How many electrons does Francium gain or lose?
4+
How many electrons does Germanium gain or lose?
3+
How many electrons does Indium gain or lose?
-
How many electrons does Iodine gain or lose?
3+/4+
How many electrons does Iridium gain or lose?
2+/3+
How many electrons does Iron gain or lose?
2+/4+
How many electrons does Lead gain or lose?
2+/4+
How many electrons does Platinum gain or lose?
2+
How many electrons does Radium gain or lose?
4+
How many electrons does Zirconium gain or lose?
4
How many elements (as of January 2016) are currently being named?
118
How many elements are known (according to the Chemistry Book)?
88
How many known elements (according to the Chemistry Book) are found in nature?
1839:1
What is the ratio between neutron size and electron size?
1836:1
What is the ratio between proton size and electron size?
Up quarks, Down quarks, Top quarks, Bottom Quarks, Strange quarks, and Charm quarks
What kind of quarks are there?
Electrons
What part of an atom determines its chemical properties?